Effects of Rapid Flight-Feather Molt on Postbreeding Dispersal in a Pursuit-Diving Seabird

Breeding seabirds have been well studied but seabird ecology during the nonbreeding season is poorly understood because many species disperse far from breeding colonies to molt at sea. We characterized the timing of prebasic molt and postbreeding dispersal, described postbreeding dispersal movements...

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Veröffentlicht in:The Auk 2008-01, Vol.125 (1), p.113-123
Hauptverfasser: Peery, M. Zachariah, Henkel, Laird A, Newman, Scott H, Becker, Benjamin H, Harvey, James T, Thompson, Christopher W, Beissinger, Steven R
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container_end_page 123
container_issue 1
container_start_page 113
container_title The Auk
container_volume 125
creator Peery, M. Zachariah
Henkel, Laird A
Newman, Scott H
Becker, Benjamin H
Harvey, James T
Thompson, Christopher W
Beissinger, Steven R
description Breeding seabirds have been well studied but seabird ecology during the nonbreeding season is poorly understood because many species disperse far from breeding colonies to molt at sea. We characterized the timing of prebasic molt and postbreeding dispersal, described postbreeding dispersal movements, and estimated changes in body mass during molt for Marbled Murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus; Alcidae) in central California, 1999–2004. According to mark–recapture and at-sea surveys, 248–315 of 496–637 individuals (43–50%) used Año Nuevo Bay, located immediately adjacent to nesting areas, for their prebasic molt in August–October. Long-distance dispersal (≥ 100 km) from Año Nuevo Bay by radiomarked Marbled Murrelets was low during breeding (9–13%, n = 46), but was greater for individuals radiomarked at the end of the breeding season (69–90%, n = 20). The mean dispersal dates were 18 May and 21 October for the breeding and postbreeding samples, respectively, and postbreeding dispersal occurred an average of two weeks after molt completion. Mean dispersal distances were 184 km and 256 km in the breeding and postbreeding periods, respectively. Of 12 long-distance dispersers, all moved south except one. Marbled Murrelets gained mass during molt (n = 184), except during a moderate El Niño event in 2002 when mass remained constant. However, birds did not take longer to molt in 2002, which suggests that individuals allocated more energy reserves to molt processes in that year. Apparently, sufficient prey resources were available in Año Nuevo Bay for both basic metabolic requirements and the demands of molt, even when water was moderately warm. Efectos de la Muda Rápida de las Plumas de Vuelo Sobre la Dispersión Post-Reproductiva en un Ave Marina que se Zambulle para Perseguir Presas
doi_str_mv 10.1525/auk.2008.125.1.113
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Long-distance dispersal (≥ 100 km) from Año Nuevo Bay by radiomarked Marbled Murrelets was low during breeding (9–13%, n = 46), but was greater for individuals radiomarked at the end of the breeding season (69–90%, n = 20). The mean dispersal dates were 18 May and 21 October for the breeding and postbreeding samples, respectively, and postbreeding dispersal occurred an average of two weeks after molt completion. Mean dispersal distances were 184 km and 256 km in the breeding and postbreeding periods, respectively. Of 12 long-distance dispersers, all moved south except one. Marbled Murrelets gained mass during molt (n = 184), except during a moderate El Niño event in 2002 when mass remained constant. However, birds did not take longer to molt in 2002, which suggests that individuals allocated more energy reserves to molt processes in that year. 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source BioOne Complete; JSTOR Archive Collection A-Z Listing; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals
subjects Alcidae
Animal behavior
Animal breeding
Aquatic birds
Bird nesting
Birds
body mass
Brachyramphus marmoratus
Breeding
Breeding seasons
Coasts
Dispersal
El Nino
El Niño
energy demands
Energy reserves
Foraging
Marbled Murrelet
Marine
Molting
Natural satellites
Nesting
Nesting sites
Population estimates
postbreeding dispersal
prebasic molt
Research s
seabird ecology
Winter
title Effects of Rapid Flight-Feather Molt on Postbreeding Dispersal in a Pursuit-Diving Seabird
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