Methods of ammonia removal in anaerobic digestion: a review

The anaerobic digestion of substrates with high ammonia content has always been a bottleneck in the methanisation process of biomasses. Since microbial communities in anaerobic digesters are sensitive to free ammonia at certain conditions, the digestion of nitrogen-rich substrates such as livestock...

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Veröffentlicht in:Water science and technology 2017-10, Vol.76 (7-8), p.1925-1938
Hauptverfasser: Krakat, Niclas, Demirel, Burak, Anjum, Reshma, Dietz, Donna
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container_title Water science and technology
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creator Krakat, Niclas
Demirel, Burak
Anjum, Reshma
Dietz, Donna
description The anaerobic digestion of substrates with high ammonia content has always been a bottleneck in the methanisation process of biomasses. Since microbial communities in anaerobic digesters are sensitive to free ammonia at certain conditions, the digestion of nitrogen-rich substrates such as livestock wastes may result in inhibition/toxicity eventually leading to process failures, unless appropriate engineering precautions are taken. There are many different options reported in literature to remove ammonia from anaerobic digesters to achieve a safe and stable process so that along with high methane yields, a good quality of effluents can also be obtained. Conventional techniques to remove ammonia include physical/chemical methods, immobilization and adaptation of microorganisms, while novel methods include ultrasonication, microwave, hollow fiber membranes and microbial fuel cell applications. This paper discusses conventional and novel methods of ammonia removal from anaerobic digesters using nitrogen-rich substrates, with particular focus on recent literature available about this topic.
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source Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals
subjects Adaptation
Agricultural runoff
Agricultural wastes
Alternative energy sources
Ammonia
Ammonium nitrogen
Anaerobic conditions
Anaerobic digestion
Anaerobic microorganisms
Anaerobic processes
Anaerobic treatment
Anatomical structures
Animal wastes
Aqueous solutions
Biochemical fuel cells
Biogas
Chemical engineering
Contamination
Digesters
Digestion
Effluents
Environmental impact
Failures
Hollow fiber membranes
Immobilization
Livestock
Manures
Meat processing
Membranes
Methods
Microbial activity
Microorganisms
Nitrogen
Poultry
Removal
Substrate inhibition
Substrates
Toxicity
Zeolites
title Methods of ammonia removal in anaerobic digestion: a review
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