Smoking may increase the risk of influenza hospitalization and reduce influenza vaccine effectiveness in the elderly
Through its effects on the immune system, smoking may facilitate influenza virus infection, its severity and its most frequent complications. The objective was to investigate the smoking history as a risk factor for influenza hospitalization and influenza vaccine effectiveness in elderly smokers/ex-...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | European journal of public health 2018-02, Vol.28 (1), p.150-155 |
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| creator | Godoy, Pere Castilla, Jesús Soldevila, Núria Mayoral, José María Toledo, Diana Martín, Vicente Astray, Jenaro Egurrola, Mikel Morales-Suarez-Varela, Maria Domínguez, Angela |
| description | Through its effects on the immune system, smoking may facilitate influenza virus infection, its severity and its most frequent complications. The objective was to investigate the smoking history as a risk factor for influenza hospitalization and influenza vaccine effectiveness in elderly smokers/ex-smokers and non-smokers.
We carried out a multicenter case-control study in the 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 influenza seasons. Cases aged ≥65 years and age-, sex-matched controls were selected from 20 Spanish hospitals. We collected epidemiological variables, comorbidities, vaccination history and the smoking history. The risk of hospitalization due to smoking (current smokers and ex-smokers) was determined using the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) with conditional logistic regression models. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was calculated using the formula: VE = (1 - aOR) × 100.
We studied 728 cases and 1826 controls. Cases had a higher frequency of smoking (47.4% vs 42.1%). Smoking was associated with an increased risk of influenza hospitalization (aOR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.04-1.68). Influenza vaccine effectiveness in preventing hospitalization was 21% (95% CI: -2 to 39) in current/ex-smokers and 39% in non-smokers (95% CI: 22-52).
A history of smoking may increase the risk of hospitalization in smokers and ex-smokers. Preventing smoking could reduce hospitalizations due to influenza. Smokers and ex-smokers should be informed of the risk of hospitalization due to influenza infection, and encouraged to stop smoking. Smokers should be considered an at-risk group to be aggressively targeted for routine influenza vaccination. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/eurpub/ckx130 |
| format | Article |
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We carried out a multicenter case-control study in the 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 influenza seasons. Cases aged ≥65 years and age-, sex-matched controls were selected from 20 Spanish hospitals. We collected epidemiological variables, comorbidities, vaccination history and the smoking history. The risk of hospitalization due to smoking (current smokers and ex-smokers) was determined using the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) with conditional logistic regression models. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was calculated using the formula: VE = (1 - aOR) × 100.
We studied 728 cases and 1826 controls. Cases had a higher frequency of smoking (47.4% vs 42.1%). Smoking was associated with an increased risk of influenza hospitalization (aOR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.04-1.68). Influenza vaccine effectiveness in preventing hospitalization was 21% (95% CI: -2 to 39) in current/ex-smokers and 39% in non-smokers (95% CI: 22-52).
A history of smoking may increase the risk of hospitalization in smokers and ex-smokers. Preventing smoking could reduce hospitalizations due to influenza. Smokers and ex-smokers should be informed of the risk of hospitalization due to influenza infection, and encouraged to stop smoking. Smokers should be considered an at-risk group to be aggressively targeted for routine influenza vaccination.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1101-1262</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1464-360X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckx130</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29020390</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Oxford Publishing Limited (England)</publisher><subject>Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Case-Control Studies ; Comorbidity ; Effectiveness ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Geriatric Assessment - statistics & numerical data ; History ; Hospitalization ; Hospitalization - statistics & numerical data ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Immune system ; Immunization ; Influenza ; Influenza Vaccines - therapeutic use ; Influenza, Human - epidemiology ; Influenza, Human - prevention & control ; Male ; Older people ; Public health ; Regression analysis ; Regression models ; Risk ; Risk analysis ; Risk Factors ; Smoking ; Smoking - epidemiology ; Spain - epidemiology ; Treatment Outcome ; Vaccination ; Vaccine efficacy ; Vaccines ; Viruses</subject><ispartof>European journal of public health, 2018-02, Vol.28 (1), p.150-155</ispartof><rights>The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c426t-5ff2464d43bb867555b3bf576acb8966b084b9d12f12e424b772fb16857506ef3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c426t-5ff2464d43bb867555b3bf576acb8966b084b9d12f12e424b772fb16857506ef3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27866,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29020390$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Godoy, Pere</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Castilla, Jesús</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soldevila, Núria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mayoral, José María</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Toledo, Diana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martín, Vicente</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Astray, Jenaro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Egurrola, Mikel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Morales-Suarez-Varela, Maria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Domínguez, Angela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>CIBERESP Cases and Controls in Pandemic Influenza Working Group, Spain</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>the CIBERESP Cases and Controls in Pandemic Influenza Working Group, Spain</creatorcontrib><title>Smoking may increase the risk of influenza hospitalization and reduce influenza vaccine effectiveness in the elderly</title><title>European journal of public health</title><addtitle>Eur J Public Health</addtitle><description>Through its effects on the immune system, smoking may facilitate influenza virus infection, its severity and its most frequent complications. The objective was to investigate the smoking history as a risk factor for influenza hospitalization and influenza vaccine effectiveness in elderly smokers/ex-smokers and non-smokers.
We carried out a multicenter case-control study in the 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 influenza seasons. Cases aged ≥65 years and age-, sex-matched controls were selected from 20 Spanish hospitals. We collected epidemiological variables, comorbidities, vaccination history and the smoking history. The risk of hospitalization due to smoking (current smokers and ex-smokers) was determined using the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) with conditional logistic regression models. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was calculated using the formula: VE = (1 - aOR) × 100.
We studied 728 cases and 1826 controls. Cases had a higher frequency of smoking (47.4% vs 42.1%). Smoking was associated with an increased risk of influenza hospitalization (aOR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.04-1.68). Influenza vaccine effectiveness in preventing hospitalization was 21% (95% CI: -2 to 39) in current/ex-smokers and 39% in non-smokers (95% CI: 22-52).
A history of smoking may increase the risk of hospitalization in smokers and ex-smokers. Preventing smoking could reduce hospitalizations due to influenza. Smokers and ex-smokers should be informed of the risk of hospitalization due to influenza infection, and encouraged to stop smoking. Smokers should be considered an at-risk group to be aggressively targeted for routine influenza vaccination.</description><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Case-Control Studies</subject><subject>Comorbidity</subject><subject>Effectiveness</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Geriatric Assessment - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>History</subject><subject>Hospitalization</subject><subject>Hospitalization - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immune system</subject><subject>Immunization</subject><subject>Influenza</subject><subject>Influenza Vaccines - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Influenza, Human - epidemiology</subject><subject>Influenza, Human - prevention & control</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Older people</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Regression analysis</subject><subject>Regression models</subject><subject>Risk</subject><subject>Risk analysis</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Smoking</subject><subject>Smoking - epidemiology</subject><subject>Spain - epidemiology</subject><subject>Treatment Outcome</subject><subject>Vaccination</subject><subject>Vaccine efficacy</subject><subject>Vaccines</subject><subject>Viruses</subject><issn>1101-1262</issn><issn>1464-360X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>7TQ</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkc1P3DAQxS3Uit0Cx14rS71wCYw_kxzRClqklXpoK_UW2c4YzCbOYieI5a9vygJCPc1o5qenefMI-czgjEEtznFK28meu80jE3BAlkxqWQgNfz7MPQNWMK75gnzK-Q4AVFnxQ7LgNXAQNSzJ-LMfNiHe0N7saIguoclIx1ukKeQNHfw89N2E8cnQ2yFvw2i68GTGMERqYksTtpPDd9CDcS5EpOg9ujE8YMSc5_2zJnYtpm53TD5602U8ealH5PfV5a_V92L949v16mJdOMn1WCjv-eymlcLaSpdKKSusV6U2zla11hYqaeuWcc84Si5tWXJvma5UqUCjF0fkdK-7TcP9hHls-pAddp2JOEy5YbUCyapKqhn9-h96N0wpztc1XApgoKCqZ6rYUy4NOSf0zTaF3qRdw6D5F0ezj6PZxzHzX15UJ9tj-0a__l_8BXfBiTs</recordid><startdate>20180201</startdate><enddate>20180201</enddate><creator>Godoy, Pere</creator><creator>Castilla, Jesús</creator><creator>Soldevila, Núria</creator><creator>Mayoral, José María</creator><creator>Toledo, Diana</creator><creator>Martín, Vicente</creator><creator>Astray, Jenaro</creator><creator>Egurrola, Mikel</creator><creator>Morales-Suarez-Varela, Maria</creator><creator>Domínguez, Angela</creator><general>Oxford Publishing Limited (England)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7TQ</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>DHY</scope><scope>DON</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20180201</creationdate><title>Smoking may increase the risk of influenza hospitalization and reduce influenza vaccine effectiveness in the elderly</title><author>Godoy, Pere ; Castilla, Jesús ; Soldevila, Núria ; Mayoral, José María ; Toledo, Diana ; Martín, Vicente ; Astray, Jenaro ; Egurrola, Mikel ; Morales-Suarez-Varela, Maria ; Domínguez, Angela</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c426t-5ff2464d43bb867555b3bf576acb8966b084b9d12f12e424b772fb16857506ef3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Case-Control Studies</topic><topic>Comorbidity</topic><topic>Effectiveness</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Geriatric Assessment - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>History</topic><topic>Hospitalization</topic><topic>Hospitalization - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Hospitals</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immune system</topic><topic>Immunization</topic><topic>Influenza</topic><topic>Influenza Vaccines - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Influenza, Human - epidemiology</topic><topic>Influenza, Human - prevention & control</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Older people</topic><topic>Public health</topic><topic>Regression analysis</topic><topic>Regression models</topic><topic>Risk</topic><topic>Risk analysis</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Smoking</topic><topic>Smoking - epidemiology</topic><topic>Spain - epidemiology</topic><topic>Treatment Outcome</topic><topic>Vaccination</topic><topic>Vaccine efficacy</topic><topic>Vaccines</topic><topic>Viruses</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Godoy, Pere</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Castilla, Jesús</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soldevila, Núria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mayoral, José María</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Toledo, Diana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martín, Vicente</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Astray, Jenaro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Egurrola, Mikel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Morales-Suarez-Varela, Maria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Domínguez, Angela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>CIBERESP Cases and Controls in Pandemic Influenza Working Group, Spain</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>the CIBERESP Cases and Controls in Pandemic Influenza Working Group, Spain</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>PAIS Index</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>PAIS International</collection><collection>PAIS International (Ovid)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>European journal of public health</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Godoy, Pere</au><au>Castilla, Jesús</au><au>Soldevila, Núria</au><au>Mayoral, José María</au><au>Toledo, Diana</au><au>Martín, Vicente</au><au>Astray, Jenaro</au><au>Egurrola, Mikel</au><au>Morales-Suarez-Varela, Maria</au><au>Domínguez, Angela</au><aucorp>CIBERESP Cases and Controls in Pandemic Influenza Working Group, Spain</aucorp><aucorp>the CIBERESP Cases and Controls in Pandemic Influenza Working Group, Spain</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Smoking may increase the risk of influenza hospitalization and reduce influenza vaccine effectiveness in the elderly</atitle><jtitle>European journal of public health</jtitle><addtitle>Eur J Public Health</addtitle><date>2018-02-01</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>28</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>150</spage><epage>155</epage><pages>150-155</pages><issn>1101-1262</issn><eissn>1464-360X</eissn><abstract>Through its effects on the immune system, smoking may facilitate influenza virus infection, its severity and its most frequent complications. The objective was to investigate the smoking history as a risk factor for influenza hospitalization and influenza vaccine effectiveness in elderly smokers/ex-smokers and non-smokers.
We carried out a multicenter case-control study in the 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 influenza seasons. Cases aged ≥65 years and age-, sex-matched controls were selected from 20 Spanish hospitals. We collected epidemiological variables, comorbidities, vaccination history and the smoking history. The risk of hospitalization due to smoking (current smokers and ex-smokers) was determined using the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) with conditional logistic regression models. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was calculated using the formula: VE = (1 - aOR) × 100.
We studied 728 cases and 1826 controls. Cases had a higher frequency of smoking (47.4% vs 42.1%). Smoking was associated with an increased risk of influenza hospitalization (aOR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.04-1.68). Influenza vaccine effectiveness in preventing hospitalization was 21% (95% CI: -2 to 39) in current/ex-smokers and 39% in non-smokers (95% CI: 22-52).
A history of smoking may increase the risk of hospitalization in smokers and ex-smokers. Preventing smoking could reduce hospitalizations due to influenza. Smokers and ex-smokers should be informed of the risk of hospitalization due to influenza infection, and encouraged to stop smoking. Smokers should be considered an at-risk group to be aggressively targeted for routine influenza vaccination.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Oxford Publishing Limited (England)</pub><pmid>29020390</pmid><doi>10.1093/eurpub/ckx130</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Aged Aged, 80 and over Case-Control Studies Comorbidity Effectiveness Epidemiology Female Geriatric Assessment - statistics & numerical data History Hospitalization Hospitalization - statistics & numerical data Hospitals Humans Immune system Immunization Influenza Influenza Vaccines - therapeutic use Influenza, Human - epidemiology Influenza, Human - prevention & control Male Older people Public health Regression analysis Regression models Risk Risk analysis Risk Factors Smoking Smoking - epidemiology Spain - epidemiology Treatment Outcome Vaccination Vaccine efficacy Vaccines Viruses |
| title | Smoking may increase the risk of influenza hospitalization and reduce influenza vaccine effectiveness in the elderly |
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