Effects of composting process and fly ash amendment on phytotoxicity of sewage sludge

With the increasingly growing global production of sewage sludge, evaluation of its applicability in agriculture and land restoration is essential. This study assessed the potential effects of composting process and fly ash amendment on soil-ameliorating properties of sewage sludge. The metal availa...

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Veröffentlicht in:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 2001-02, Vol.40 (2), p.184-191
Hauptverfasser: LAU, S. S. S, FANG, M, WONG, J. W. C
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creator LAU, S. S. S
FANG, M
WONG, J. W. C
description With the increasingly growing global production of sewage sludge, evaluation of its applicability in agriculture and land restoration is essential. This study assessed the potential effects of composting process and fly ash amendment on soil-ameliorating properties of sewage sludge. The metal availability and phytotoxicity of ash-amended sludge compost (AS, mature sewage sludge compost mixed with fresh lagoon ash) and sludge-ash co-compost (SA, co-composted mixture of sewage sludge and lagoon ash) were compared. The results of this work suggested that both composts favored the applicability of sewage sludge for land application by reducing Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn availability. The SA co-compost stimulated seed germination at ash amendment rates of < or = 10%, whereas various treatments of AS compost inhibited germination at an extract dilution of 50%. Amendment of lagoon ash before or after sludge composting increased electrical conductivity (EC) and volatilization of NH4-N, but lowered availability of PO4-P. Together with the results of phytotoxicity, an optimal ash amendment rate of 5% for AS and 10% for SA were most desirable. Alkaline amendment prior to sludge composting was recommended, because it could be more effective in reducing soluble and plant-available metal concentrations through the composting process.
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subjects Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Applied ecology
Biological and medical sciences
Carbon - analysis
Carbon - pharmacology
Coal Ash
Composting
Composts
Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution
Effects of pollution and side effects of pesticides on plants and fungi
Environmental restoration
Fly ash
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Germination - drug effects
Humans
Industrial Waste
Lagoons
Metal concentrations
Metals
Oxidation-Reduction
Particulate Matter
Phytotoxicity
Seed germination
Seeds - drug effects
Seeds - growth & development
Sewage - analysis
Sewage - chemistry
Sewage disposal
Sewage sludge
Sludge
title Effects of composting process and fly ash amendment on phytotoxicity of sewage sludge
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