Marine litter in the Nordic Seas: Distribution composition and abundance
Litter has been found in all marine environments and is accumulating in seabirds and mammals in the Nordic Seas. These ecosystems are under pressure from climatic change and fisheries while the human population is small. The marine landscapes in the area range from shallow fishing banks to deep-sea...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Marine pollution bulletin 2017-12, Vol.125 (1-2), p.260-270 |
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| creator | Buhl-Mortensen, Lene Buhl-Mortensen, Pål |
| description | Litter has been found in all marine environments and is accumulating in seabirds and mammals in the Nordic Seas. These ecosystems are under pressure from climatic change and fisheries while the human population is small. The marine landscapes in the area range from shallow fishing banks to deep-sea canyons. We present density, distribution and composition of litter from the first large-scale mapping of sea bed litter in arctic and subarctic waters. Litter was registered from 1778 video transects, of which 27% contained litter. The background density of litter in the Barents Sea and Norwegian Sea is 202 and 279 items/km2 respectively, and highest densities were found close to coast and in canyons. Most of the litter originated from the fishing industry and plastic was the second most common litter. Background levels were comparable to European records and areas with most littering had higher densities than in Europe.
•A total of 101 million litter items corresponding to 79 thousand tons is estimated for the Barents Sea.•27% of the 1778 video stations contained litter and fishing gear was the dominating source.•Background value for the area was 230 items×km−2 comparable to European continental shelf areas.•Extremely high densities (>6000 items×km−2) was observed on the coast near a major fishing port.•Litter accumulates in deep sea landscapes as canyons and at the coast in fjords. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.08.048 |
| format | Article |
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•A total of 101 million litter items corresponding to 79 thousand tons is estimated for the Barents Sea.•27% of the 1778 video stations contained litter and fishing gear was the dominating source.•Background value for the area was 230 items×km−2 comparable to European continental shelf areas.•Extremely high densities (>6000 items×km−2) was observed on the coast near a major fishing port.•Litter accumulates in deep sea landscapes as canyons and at the coast in fjords.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0025-326X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-3363</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.08.048</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28844455</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Abundance ; Animals ; Aquatic birds ; Arctic Regions ; Background levels ; Barents Sea ; Baseline studies ; Benthic pollution ; Canyons ; Climate change ; Composition ; Deep water ; Deep-sea ; Distribution ; Ecosystems ; Environmental changes ; Environmental Monitoring ; Fish industry ; Fisheries ; Fishing ; Fishing gear ; Human populations ; Landscape ; Litter ; Marine debris ; Marine environment ; Marine litter ; Marine pollution ; Norwegian Sea ; Oceans and Seas ; Plastic debris ; Plastics ; Plastics - analysis ; Polar environments ; Seabirds ; Studies ; Waste Products - analysis ; Water Pollutants - analysis</subject><ispartof>Marine pollution bulletin, 2017-12, Vol.125 (1-2), p.260-270</ispartof><rights>2017 The Authors</rights><rights>Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier BV Dec 15, 2017</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c502t-569fe7841b1627a99a7286070ef27c16e303d41560f87fee677e1983969729053</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c502t-569fe7841b1627a99a7286070ef27c16e303d41560f87fee677e1983969729053</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.08.048$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28844455$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Buhl-Mortensen, Lene</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Buhl-Mortensen, Pål</creatorcontrib><title>Marine litter in the Nordic Seas: Distribution composition and abundance</title><title>Marine pollution bulletin</title><addtitle>Mar Pollut Bull</addtitle><description>Litter has been found in all marine environments and is accumulating in seabirds and mammals in the Nordic Seas. These ecosystems are under pressure from climatic change and fisheries while the human population is small. The marine landscapes in the area range from shallow fishing banks to deep-sea canyons. We present density, distribution and composition of litter from the first large-scale mapping of sea bed litter in arctic and subarctic waters. Litter was registered from 1778 video transects, of which 27% contained litter. The background density of litter in the Barents Sea and Norwegian Sea is 202 and 279 items/km2 respectively, and highest densities were found close to coast and in canyons. Most of the litter originated from the fishing industry and plastic was the second most common litter. Background levels were comparable to European records and areas with most littering had higher densities than in Europe.
•A total of 101 million litter items corresponding to 79 thousand tons is estimated for the Barents Sea.•27% of the 1778 video stations contained litter and fishing gear was the dominating source.•Background value for the area was 230 items×km−2 comparable to European continental shelf areas.•Extremely high densities (>6000 items×km−2) was observed on the coast near a major fishing port.•Litter accumulates in deep sea landscapes as canyons and at the coast in fjords.</description><subject>Abundance</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Aquatic birds</subject><subject>Arctic Regions</subject><subject>Background levels</subject><subject>Barents Sea</subject><subject>Baseline studies</subject><subject>Benthic pollution</subject><subject>Canyons</subject><subject>Climate change</subject><subject>Composition</subject><subject>Deep water</subject><subject>Deep-sea</subject><subject>Distribution</subject><subject>Ecosystems</subject><subject>Environmental changes</subject><subject>Environmental Monitoring</subject><subject>Fish industry</subject><subject>Fisheries</subject><subject>Fishing</subject><subject>Fishing gear</subject><subject>Human populations</subject><subject>Landscape</subject><subject>Litter</subject><subject>Marine debris</subject><subject>Marine environment</subject><subject>Marine litter</subject><subject>Marine pollution</subject><subject>Norwegian Sea</subject><subject>Oceans and Seas</subject><subject>Plastic debris</subject><subject>Plastics</subject><subject>Plastics - analysis</subject><subject>Polar environments</subject><subject>Seabirds</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Waste Products - analysis</subject><subject>Water Pollutants - analysis</subject><issn>0025-326X</issn><issn>1879-3363</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkE1P3DAQhi0EgmXbv9BG4sIl6dhO_NEb4lui9NAi9WY5zkT1Khtv7QSp_x4vu3DopaeZw_O-M3oI-UyhokDFl1W1tnEThnYeKgZUVqAqqNUBWVAldcm54IdkAcCakjPx64ScprQCAMkkPSYnTKm6rptmQe6-2ehHLAY_TRgLPxbTbyweQ-y8K36gTV-LK5-m6Nt58mEsXFhvQvKvux27wrbz2NnR4Qdy1Nsh4cf9XJKnm-ufl3flw_fb-8uLh9I1wKayEbpHqWraUsGk1dpKpgRIwJ5JRwVy4F1NGwG9kj2ikBKpVlwLLZmGhi_J-a53E8OfGdNk1j45HAY7YpiToZpzlisly-jZP-gqzHHM32VKabbVwTMld5SLIaWIvdlEn-3-NRTMVrZZmXfZZivbgDJZdk5-2vfP7Rq799yb3Qxc7ADMQp49RpOcxyyr8xHdZLrg_3vkBUmLknU</recordid><startdate>20171215</startdate><enddate>20171215</enddate><creator>Buhl-Mortensen, Lene</creator><creator>Buhl-Mortensen, Pål</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier BV</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20171215</creationdate><title>Marine litter in the Nordic Seas: Distribution composition and abundance</title><author>Buhl-Mortensen, Lene ; Buhl-Mortensen, Pål</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c502t-569fe7841b1627a99a7286070ef27c16e303d41560f87fee677e1983969729053</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Abundance</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Aquatic birds</topic><topic>Arctic Regions</topic><topic>Background levels</topic><topic>Barents Sea</topic><topic>Baseline studies</topic><topic>Benthic pollution</topic><topic>Canyons</topic><topic>Climate change</topic><topic>Composition</topic><topic>Deep water</topic><topic>Deep-sea</topic><topic>Distribution</topic><topic>Ecosystems</topic><topic>Environmental changes</topic><topic>Environmental Monitoring</topic><topic>Fish industry</topic><topic>Fisheries</topic><topic>Fishing</topic><topic>Fishing gear</topic><topic>Human populations</topic><topic>Landscape</topic><topic>Litter</topic><topic>Marine debris</topic><topic>Marine environment</topic><topic>Marine litter</topic><topic>Marine pollution</topic><topic>Norwegian Sea</topic><topic>Oceans and Seas</topic><topic>Plastic debris</topic><topic>Plastics</topic><topic>Plastics - analysis</topic><topic>Polar environments</topic><topic>Seabirds</topic><topic>Studies</topic><topic>Waste Products - analysis</topic><topic>Water Pollutants - analysis</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Buhl-Mortensen, Lene</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Buhl-Mortensen, Pål</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Marine pollution bulletin</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Buhl-Mortensen, Lene</au><au>Buhl-Mortensen, Pål</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Marine litter in the Nordic Seas: Distribution composition and abundance</atitle><jtitle>Marine pollution bulletin</jtitle><addtitle>Mar Pollut Bull</addtitle><date>2017-12-15</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>125</volume><issue>1-2</issue><spage>260</spage><epage>270</epage><pages>260-270</pages><issn>0025-326X</issn><eissn>1879-3363</eissn><abstract>Litter has been found in all marine environments and is accumulating in seabirds and mammals in the Nordic Seas. These ecosystems are under pressure from climatic change and fisheries while the human population is small. The marine landscapes in the area range from shallow fishing banks to deep-sea canyons. We present density, distribution and composition of litter from the first large-scale mapping of sea bed litter in arctic and subarctic waters. Litter was registered from 1778 video transects, of which 27% contained litter. The background density of litter in the Barents Sea and Norwegian Sea is 202 and 279 items/km2 respectively, and highest densities were found close to coast and in canyons. Most of the litter originated from the fishing industry and plastic was the second most common litter. Background levels were comparable to European records and areas with most littering had higher densities than in Europe.
•A total of 101 million litter items corresponding to 79 thousand tons is estimated for the Barents Sea.•27% of the 1778 video stations contained litter and fishing gear was the dominating source.•Background value for the area was 230 items×km−2 comparable to European continental shelf areas.•Extremely high densities (>6000 items×km−2) was observed on the coast near a major fishing port.•Litter accumulates in deep sea landscapes as canyons and at the coast in fjords.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>28844455</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.08.048</doi><tpages>11</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Abundance Animals Aquatic birds Arctic Regions Background levels Barents Sea Baseline studies Benthic pollution Canyons Climate change Composition Deep water Deep-sea Distribution Ecosystems Environmental changes Environmental Monitoring Fish industry Fisheries Fishing Fishing gear Human populations Landscape Litter Marine debris Marine environment Marine litter Marine pollution Norwegian Sea Oceans and Seas Plastic debris Plastics Plastics - analysis Polar environments Seabirds Studies Waste Products - analysis Water Pollutants - analysis |
| title | Marine litter in the Nordic Seas: Distribution composition and abundance |
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