Impact of heterogeneous properties of soil and LNAPL on surfactant-enhanced capillary desaturation
This paper investigates low-concentration (
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of contaminant hydrology 2017-09, Vol.204, p.57-65 |
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| container_title | Journal of contaminant hydrology |
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| creator | Robert, Thomas Martel, Richard Lefebvre, René Lauzon, Jean-Marc Morin, Annie |
| description | This paper investigates low-concentration ( |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2017.07.006 |
| format | Article |
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Challenges posed by soil permeability, pore-size distribution, mineralogy, light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) weathering and groundwater hardness were quantified through batch and soil column tests. Compatibility issues between the mixed mineralogy soils, hard groundwater, mixed LNAPL and usual anionic surfactants were observed. The selected solution was a Winsor type I system promoting an interfacial tension of 0.06mN/m between the site LNAPL and the amphoteric surfactant CAS in aqueous solution at pH12. Surfactant loses to adsorption and pore media plugging were observed in the fine soil fraction. The capillary desaturation curves (CDC) obtained with the column tests suggested mixed-wettability behavior. The soil permeability strongly influenced LNAPL recovery, as expressed by the relationship obtained between capillary numbers (NCa) and hydraulic gradients. In this case, the critical NCa, marking the onset of capillary desaturation, could only be obtained with realistic hydraulic gradients in the coarse soil fraction. At those gradients, potential LNAPL recovery was 30% at the most. Unlike previously published CDCs, the relationship between NCa (log-scale) and LNAPL recovery was not linear but dependant on residual LNAPL saturation.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0169-7722</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-6009</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2017.07.006</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28826903</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Capillary number ; Environmental Restoration and Remediation - methods ; Groundwater - chemistry ; In situ recovery ; LNAPL ; Models, Theoretical ; Porosity ; Soil - chemistry ; Soil Pollutants - analysis ; Soil properties ; Surface-Active Agents - chemistry ; Surfactant ; Water Movements</subject><ispartof>Journal of contaminant hydrology, 2017-09, Vol.204, p.57-65</ispartof><rights>2017 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a435t-cfb929688f2212f473cf2155385a42a4aa23b8ab92079d4f498134340a4cb5643</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a435t-cfb929688f2212f473cf2155385a42a4aa23b8ab92079d4f498134340a4cb5643</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-7938-9930</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2017.07.006$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3548,27922,27923,45993</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28826903$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Robert, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martel, Richard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lefebvre, René</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lauzon, Jean-Marc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Morin, Annie</creatorcontrib><title>Impact of heterogeneous properties of soil and LNAPL on surfactant-enhanced capillary desaturation</title><title>Journal of contaminant hydrology</title><addtitle>J Contam Hydrol</addtitle><description>This paper investigates low-concentration (<1wt%) surfactant flushing when used as a follow-up technology for multiphase vacuum extraction on heterogeneous sites. Challenges posed by soil permeability, pore-size distribution, mineralogy, light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) weathering and groundwater hardness were quantified through batch and soil column tests. Compatibility issues between the mixed mineralogy soils, hard groundwater, mixed LNAPL and usual anionic surfactants were observed. The selected solution was a Winsor type I system promoting an interfacial tension of 0.06mN/m between the site LNAPL and the amphoteric surfactant CAS in aqueous solution at pH12. Surfactant loses to adsorption and pore media plugging were observed in the fine soil fraction. The capillary desaturation curves (CDC) obtained with the column tests suggested mixed-wettability behavior. The soil permeability strongly influenced LNAPL recovery, as expressed by the relationship obtained between capillary numbers (NCa) and hydraulic gradients. In this case, the critical NCa, marking the onset of capillary desaturation, could only be obtained with realistic hydraulic gradients in the coarse soil fraction. At those gradients, potential LNAPL recovery was 30% at the most. Unlike previously published CDCs, the relationship between NCa (log-scale) and LNAPL recovery was not linear but dependant on residual LNAPL saturation.</description><subject>Capillary number</subject><subject>Environmental Restoration and Remediation - methods</subject><subject>Groundwater - chemistry</subject><subject>In situ recovery</subject><subject>LNAPL</subject><subject>Models, Theoretical</subject><subject>Porosity</subject><subject>Soil - chemistry</subject><subject>Soil Pollutants - analysis</subject><subject>Soil properties</subject><subject>Surface-Active Agents - chemistry</subject><subject>Surfactant</subject><subject>Water Movements</subject><issn>0169-7722</issn><issn>1873-6009</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkMtu2zAQRYmiReOk_YQUXHYjZ_iQRK2CIGgegJF00a4JihrGNGxRIakA-fvSsZttgAFmMefO3LmEnDNYMmDNxWa5sWFcvw5LDqxdQiloPpEFU62oGoDuM1kUrqvalvMTcprSBgBaBeorOeFK8aYDsSD9_W4yNtPg6BozxvCEI4Y50SmGCWP2mPazFPyWmnGgq4er3ysaRprm6IrQjLnCcW1GiwO1ZvLbrYmvdMBk8hxN9mH8Rr44s034_djPyN-bX3-u76rV4-399dWqMlLUubKu73jXKOU4Z9zJVljHWV0LVRvJjTSGi16ZAkHbDdLJTjEhhQQjbV83UpyRn4e9xfrzjCnrnU8Wi6G3jzTrBOM1Z9AUtD6gNoaUIjo9Rb8rxjUDvY9Xb_QxXr2PV0OpN92P44m53-HwrvqfZwEuDwCWR188Rp2sx304PqLNegj-gxP_ABmwjpo</recordid><startdate>20170901</startdate><enddate>20170901</enddate><creator>Robert, Thomas</creator><creator>Martel, Richard</creator><creator>Lefebvre, René</creator><creator>Lauzon, Jean-Marc</creator><creator>Morin, Annie</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7938-9930</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20170901</creationdate><title>Impact of heterogeneous properties of soil and LNAPL on surfactant-enhanced capillary desaturation</title><author>Robert, Thomas ; Martel, Richard ; Lefebvre, René ; Lauzon, Jean-Marc ; Morin, Annie</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a435t-cfb929688f2212f473cf2155385a42a4aa23b8ab92079d4f498134340a4cb5643</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Capillary number</topic><topic>Environmental Restoration and Remediation - methods</topic><topic>Groundwater - chemistry</topic><topic>In situ recovery</topic><topic>LNAPL</topic><topic>Models, Theoretical</topic><topic>Porosity</topic><topic>Soil - chemistry</topic><topic>Soil Pollutants - analysis</topic><topic>Soil properties</topic><topic>Surface-Active Agents - chemistry</topic><topic>Surfactant</topic><topic>Water Movements</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Robert, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martel, Richard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lefebvre, René</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lauzon, Jean-Marc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Morin, Annie</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of contaminant hydrology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Robert, Thomas</au><au>Martel, Richard</au><au>Lefebvre, René</au><au>Lauzon, Jean-Marc</au><au>Morin, Annie</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Impact of heterogeneous properties of soil and LNAPL on surfactant-enhanced capillary desaturation</atitle><jtitle>Journal of contaminant hydrology</jtitle><addtitle>J Contam Hydrol</addtitle><date>2017-09-01</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>204</volume><spage>57</spage><epage>65</epage><pages>57-65</pages><issn>0169-7722</issn><eissn>1873-6009</eissn><abstract>This paper investigates low-concentration (<1wt%) surfactant flushing when used as a follow-up technology for multiphase vacuum extraction on heterogeneous sites. 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| ispartof | Journal of contaminant hydrology, 2017-09, Vol.204, p.57-65 |
| issn | 0169-7722 1873-6009 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; ScienceDirect Journals (5 years ago - present) |
| subjects | Capillary number Environmental Restoration and Remediation - methods Groundwater - chemistry In situ recovery LNAPL Models, Theoretical Porosity Soil - chemistry Soil Pollutants - analysis Soil properties Surface-Active Agents - chemistry Surfactant Water Movements |
| title | Impact of heterogeneous properties of soil and LNAPL on surfactant-enhanced capillary desaturation |
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