Cue-dependent inhibition in posttraumatic stress disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

•Response inhibition was compared in 161 adult men with PTSD and/or ADHD and controls.•PTSD and ADHD+PTSD were linked to impaired response execution and inhibition.•PTSD and ADHD+PTSD showed slower, more variable reaction time relative to controls.•No cue dependency differences were observed by PTSD...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of anxiety disorders 2017-10, Vol.51, p.1-6
Hauptverfasser: Adams, Zachary W., Meinzer, Michael, Mandel, Howard, Voltin, Joshua, Caughron, Blaine, Sallee, Floyd R., Hamner, Mark, Wang, Zhewu
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:•Response inhibition was compared in 161 adult men with PTSD and/or ADHD and controls.•PTSD and ADHD+PTSD were linked to impaired response execution and inhibition.•PTSD and ADHD+PTSD showed slower, more variable reaction time relative to controls.•No cue dependency differences were observed by PTSD or ADHD diagnosis. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are common among military veterans, but the comorbidity of these two psychiatric disorders remains largely unstudied. Evaluating response inhibition and cue-dependent learning as behavioral and neurocognitive mechanisms underlying ADHD/PTSD can inform etiological models and development of tailored interventions. A cued go/no-go task evaluated response inhibition in 160 adult males. Participants were recruited from the community and a Veterans Administration medical center. Four diagnostic groups were identified: ADHD-only, PTSD-only, ADHD+PTSD, controls. Group differences were observed across most indices of inhibitory functioning, reaction time, and reaction time variability, whereby PTSD-only and ADHD+PTSD participants demonstrated deficits relative to controls. No cue dependency effects were observed. Finding complement prior work on neurocognitive mechanisms underlying ADHD, PTSD, and ADHD+PTSD. Lack of expected group differences for the ADHD-only group may be due to limited power. Additional work is needed to better characterize distinctions among clinical groups, as well as to test effects among women and youth.
ISSN:0887-6185
1873-7897
1873-7897
DOI:10.1016/j.janxdis.2017.08.003