Ecotoxicological effects of the antioxidant additive propyl gallate in five aquatic systems

Propyl gallate is an antioxidant widely used in foods, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. The occurrence and fate of additives in the aquatic environment is an emerging issue in environmental chemistry. To date, there is little available information about the adverse effects of propyl gallate on aquatic...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Water research (Oxford) 2007-06, Vol.41 (12), p.2599-2611
Hauptverfasser:	Zurita, Jorge L., Jos, Ángeles, del Peso, Ana, Salguero, Manuel, López-Artíguez, Miguel, Repetto, Guillermo
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	acetylcholinesterase Acetylcholinesterase - metabolism additives Aliivibrio fischeri - drug effects Aliivibrio fischeri - metabolism Alternative methods Animals antioxidants Antioxidants - toxicity Applied sciences Aquatic environment aquatic zones bioluminescence Cell Line, Tumor cell lines chelating agents Chlorella vulgaris Chlorella vulgaris - drug effects Chlorella vulgaris - growth & development Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 - metabolism Cytotoxicity Daphnia - drug effects Daphnia - physiology Daphnia magna ecological function Ecotoxicity ecotoxicology effective concentration 50 environmental chemistry enzyme activity Exact sciences and technology Female fish Freshwater Fundulidae Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase - metabolism glutathione hepatoma Luminescence methylthiazol necrosis Neutral Red - metabolism No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level Oncorhynchus mykiss Other industrial wastes. Sewage sludge Pollution Propyl gallate Propyl Gallate - toxicity protein content Proteins - metabolism residual effects Salmonidae Succinate Dehydrogenase - metabolism Tetrazolium Salts - metabolism Thiazoles - metabolism toxicity trophic relationships Vibrio fischeri Wastes Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity Water treatment and pollution
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