Inter-rater reliability of physical abuse determinations in young children with fractures

As there is no “gold standard” in determining whether a fracture is caused by accident or abuse, agreement among medical providers is paramount. Using abstracted medical record data from 551 children

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Veröffentlicht in:Child abuse & neglect 2017-10, Vol.72, p.140-146
Hauptverfasser: Buesser, Katherine E., Leventhal, John M., Gaither, Julie R., Tate, Victoria, Cooperman, Daniel R., Moles, Rebecca L., Silva, Cicero T., Ehrlich, Lauren J., Sharkey, Melinda S.
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container_end_page 146
container_issue
container_start_page 140
container_title Child abuse & neglect
container_volume 72
creator Buesser, Katherine E.
Leventhal, John M.
Gaither, Julie R.
Tate, Victoria
Cooperman, Daniel R.
Moles, Rebecca L.
Silva, Cicero T.
Ehrlich, Lauren J.
Sharkey, Melinda S.
description As there is no “gold standard” in determining whether a fracture is caused by accident or abuse, agreement among medical providers is paramount. Using abstracted medical record data from 551 children
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.08.001
format Article
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Using abstracted medical record data from 551 children &lt;36months of age presenting to a pediatric emergency department, we examined the extent of agreement between specialists who evaluate children with fractures for suspected abuse. To simulate clinical scenarios, two pediatric orthopaedists and two child abuse pediatricians (CAPs) reviewed the full abstraction and imaging, whereas the two pediatric radiologists reviewed a brief history and imaging. Each physician independently rated each case using a 7-point ordinal scale designed to distinguish accidental from abusive injuries. For any discrepancy in independent ratings, the two specialists discussed the case and came to a joint rating. We analyzed 3 types of agreement: (1) within specialties using independent ratings, (2) between specialties using joint ratings, and (3) between clinicians (orthopaedists and CAPs) with more versus less experience. Agreement between pairs of raters was assessed using Cohen's weighted kappa. Orthopaedists (κ=0.78) and CAPs (κ=0.67) had substantial within-specialty agreement, while radiologists (κ=0.53) had moderate agreement. Orthopaedists and CAPs had almost perfect between-specialty agreement (κ=0.81), while agreement was much lower for orthopaedists and radiologists (κ=0.37) and CAPs and radiologists (κ=0.42). More-experienced clinicians had substantial between-specialty agreement (κ=0.80) versus less-experienced clinicians who had moderate agreement (κ=0.60). These findings suggest the level of clinical detail a physician receives and his/her experience in the field has an impact on the level of agreement when evaluating fractures in young children.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0145-2134</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-7757</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.08.001</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28802910</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Accidents ; Agreements ; Child ; Child Abuse ; Child abuse &amp; neglect ; Child Abuse - classification ; Child Abuse - diagnosis ; Child, Preschool ; Children ; Children &amp; youth ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Emergency services ; Female ; Fracture ; Fractures ; Fractures, Bone - classification ; Fractures, Bone - diagnosis ; Hospitals, Pediatric ; Humans ; Infant ; Injuries ; Inter-rater reliability ; Interdisciplinary Communication ; Interrater Reliability ; Intersectoral Collaboration ; Male ; Medical imaging ; Medical records ; Medicine ; Observer Variation ; Pediatricians ; Pediatrics ; Physical child abuse ; Physicians ; Radiologists ; Reliability ; Reproducibility of Results ; Specialists ; United States ; Young Children</subject><ispartof>Child abuse &amp; neglect, 2017-10, Vol.72, p.140-146</ispartof><rights>2017 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. 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Using abstracted medical record data from 551 children &lt;36months of age presenting to a pediatric emergency department, we examined the extent of agreement between specialists who evaluate children with fractures for suspected abuse. To simulate clinical scenarios, two pediatric orthopaedists and two child abuse pediatricians (CAPs) reviewed the full abstraction and imaging, whereas the two pediatric radiologists reviewed a brief history and imaging. Each physician independently rated each case using a 7-point ordinal scale designed to distinguish accidental from abusive injuries. For any discrepancy in independent ratings, the two specialists discussed the case and came to a joint rating. We analyzed 3 types of agreement: (1) within specialties using independent ratings, (2) between specialties using joint ratings, and (3) between clinicians (orthopaedists and CAPs) with more versus less experience. Agreement between pairs of raters was assessed using Cohen's weighted kappa. Orthopaedists (κ=0.78) and CAPs (κ=0.67) had substantial within-specialty agreement, while radiologists (κ=0.53) had moderate agreement. Orthopaedists and CAPs had almost perfect between-specialty agreement (κ=0.81), while agreement was much lower for orthopaedists and radiologists (κ=0.37) and CAPs and radiologists (κ=0.42). More-experienced clinicians had substantial between-specialty agreement (κ=0.80) versus less-experienced clinicians who had moderate agreement (κ=0.60). These findings suggest the level of clinical detail a physician receives and his/her experience in the field has an impact on the level of agreement when evaluating fractures in young children.</description><subject>Accidents</subject><subject>Agreements</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child Abuse</subject><subject>Child abuse &amp; neglect</subject><subject>Child Abuse - classification</subject><subject>Child Abuse - diagnosis</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Children &amp; youth</subject><subject>Diagnosis, Differential</subject><subject>Emergency Service, Hospital</subject><subject>Emergency services</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fracture</subject><subject>Fractures</subject><subject>Fractures, Bone - classification</subject><subject>Fractures, Bone - diagnosis</subject><subject>Hospitals, Pediatric</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infant</subject><subject>Injuries</subject><subject>Inter-rater reliability</subject><subject>Interdisciplinary Communication</subject><subject>Interrater Reliability</subject><subject>Intersectoral Collaboration</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical imaging</subject><subject>Medical records</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Observer Variation</subject><subject>Pediatricians</subject><subject>Pediatrics</subject><subject>Physical child abuse</subject><subject>Physicians</subject><subject>Radiologists</subject><subject>Reliability</subject><subject>Reproducibility of Results</subject><subject>Specialists</subject><subject>United States</subject><subject>Young Children</subject><issn>0145-2134</issn><issn>1873-7757</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><sourceid>BHHNA</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kE1r3DAQhkVJaDbb_oMSBLn0YmdGtlfypVCW5gMCvSSHnIQsjbtavPJWshv230dhkx566Bw0IJ55Z3gY-4JQIuDqalvajTfdXApAWYIqAfADW6CSVSFlI0_YArBuCoFVfcbOU9pCrkY2H9mZUApEi7BgT3dholhEk18eaciJfvDTgY89328OyVsz8LwlEXeUmZ0PZvJjSNwHfhjn8IvnMwYXKfBnP214H42d5kjpEzvtzZDo81tfssfrHw_r2-L-583d-vt9YasWpqJFhz12ouklmQqVUaisME1HfWtV_u9kB05AjcoBmZYq5Wy9apva1lb2VC3Z12PuPo6_Z0qT3vlkaRhMoHFOGluhpEKxgoxe_oNuxzmGfF2mJLS1ynCm6iNl45hSpF7vo9-ZeNAI-lW93uqjev2qXoPSWX0eu3gLn7sdub9D764z8O0IULbxx1PUyXoKlpyPZCftRv__DS_Icpd2</recordid><startdate>201710</startdate><enddate>201710</enddate><creator>Buesser, Katherine E.</creator><creator>Leventhal, John M.</creator><creator>Gaither, Julie R.</creator><creator>Tate, Victoria</creator><creator>Cooperman, Daniel R.</creator><creator>Moles, Rebecca L.</creator><creator>Silva, Cicero T.</creator><creator>Ehrlich, Lauren J.</creator><creator>Sharkey, Melinda S.</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier Science Ltd</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QJ</scope><scope>7U3</scope><scope>7U4</scope><scope>BHHNA</scope><scope>DWI</scope><scope>K7.</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>WZK</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201710</creationdate><title>Inter-rater reliability of physical abuse determinations in young children with fractures</title><author>Buesser, Katherine E. ; 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neglect</jtitle><addtitle>Child Abuse Negl</addtitle><date>2017-10</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>72</volume><spage>140</spage><epage>146</epage><pages>140-146</pages><issn>0145-2134</issn><eissn>1873-7757</eissn><abstract>As there is no “gold standard” in determining whether a fracture is caused by accident or abuse, agreement among medical providers is paramount. Using abstracted medical record data from 551 children &lt;36months of age presenting to a pediatric emergency department, we examined the extent of agreement between specialists who evaluate children with fractures for suspected abuse. To simulate clinical scenarios, two pediatric orthopaedists and two child abuse pediatricians (CAPs) reviewed the full abstraction and imaging, whereas the two pediatric radiologists reviewed a brief history and imaging. Each physician independently rated each case using a 7-point ordinal scale designed to distinguish accidental from abusive injuries. For any discrepancy in independent ratings, the two specialists discussed the case and came to a joint rating. We analyzed 3 types of agreement: (1) within specialties using independent ratings, (2) between specialties using joint ratings, and (3) between clinicians (orthopaedists and CAPs) with more versus less experience. Agreement between pairs of raters was assessed using Cohen's weighted kappa. Orthopaedists (κ=0.78) and CAPs (κ=0.67) had substantial within-specialty agreement, while radiologists (κ=0.53) had moderate agreement. Orthopaedists and CAPs had almost perfect between-specialty agreement (κ=0.81), while agreement was much lower for orthopaedists and radiologists (κ=0.37) and CAPs and radiologists (κ=0.42). More-experienced clinicians had substantial between-specialty agreement (κ=0.80) versus less-experienced clinicians who had moderate agreement (κ=0.60). These findings suggest the level of clinical detail a physician receives and his/her experience in the field has an impact on the level of agreement when evaluating fractures in young children.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>28802910</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.08.001</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record>
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source MEDLINE; Sociological Abstracts; Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA); Access via ScienceDirect (Elsevier)
subjects Accidents
Agreements
Child
Child Abuse
Child abuse & neglect
Child Abuse - classification
Child Abuse - diagnosis
Child, Preschool
Children
Children & youth
Diagnosis, Differential
Emergency Service, Hospital
Emergency services
Female
Fracture
Fractures
Fractures, Bone - classification
Fractures, Bone - diagnosis
Hospitals, Pediatric
Humans
Infant
Injuries
Inter-rater reliability
Interdisciplinary Communication
Interrater Reliability
Intersectoral Collaboration
Male
Medical imaging
Medical records
Medicine
Observer Variation
Pediatricians
Pediatrics
Physical child abuse
Physicians
Radiologists
Reliability
Reproducibility of Results
Specialists
United States
Young Children
title Inter-rater reliability of physical abuse determinations in young children with fractures
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