Phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity within biofilms with particular emphasis on persistence and antimicrobial tolerance
Phenotypic changes or phase variation within biofilms is an important feature of bacterial dormant life. Enhanced resistance to antimicrobials is one of the distinct features displayed by a fraction of cells within biofilms. It is believed that persisters are mainly responsible for this phenotypic h...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Future microbiology 2017-09, Vol.12 (12), p.1087-1107 |
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| container_title | Future microbiology |
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| creator | Sadiq, Faizan A Flint, Steve Li, YanJun Ou, Kai Yuan, Lei He, Guo Qing |
| description | Phenotypic changes or phase variation within biofilms is an important feature of bacterial dormant life. Enhanced resistance to antimicrobials is one of the distinct features displayed by a fraction of cells within biofilms. It is believed that persisters are mainly responsible for this phenotypic heterogeneity. However, there is still an unresolved debate on the formation of persisters. In this short review, we highlight all known genomic and proteomic changes encountered by bacterial cells within biofilms. We have also described all phenotypic changes displayed by bacterial cells within biofilms with particular emphasis on enhanced antimicrobial tolerance of biofilms with particular reference to persisters. In addition, all currently known models of persistence have been succinctly discussed. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2217/fmb-2017-0042 |
| format | Article |
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Enhanced resistance to antimicrobials is one of the distinct features displayed by a fraction of cells within biofilms. It is believed that persisters are mainly responsible for this phenotypic heterogeneity. However, there is still an unresolved debate on the formation of persisters. In this short review, we highlight all known genomic and proteomic changes encountered by bacterial cells within biofilms. We have also described all phenotypic changes displayed by bacterial cells within biofilms with particular emphasis on enhanced antimicrobial tolerance of biofilms with particular reference to persisters. 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Enhanced resistance to antimicrobials is one of the distinct features displayed by a fraction of cells within biofilms. It is believed that persisters are mainly responsible for this phenotypic heterogeneity. However, there is still an unresolved debate on the formation of persisters. In this short review, we highlight all known genomic and proteomic changes encountered by bacterial cells within biofilms. We have also described all phenotypic changes displayed by bacterial cells within biofilms with particular emphasis on enhanced antimicrobial tolerance of biofilms with particular reference to persisters. 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Enhanced resistance to antimicrobials is one of the distinct features displayed by a fraction of cells within biofilms. It is believed that persisters are mainly responsible for this phenotypic heterogeneity. However, there is still an unresolved debate on the formation of persisters. In this short review, we highlight all known genomic and proteomic changes encountered by bacterial cells within biofilms. We have also described all phenotypic changes displayed by bacterial cells within biofilms with particular emphasis on enhanced antimicrobial tolerance of biofilms with particular reference to persisters. In addition, all currently known models of persistence have been succinctly discussed.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Future Medicine Ltd</pub><pmid>28783379</pmid><doi>10.2217/fmb-2017-0042</doi><tpages>21</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology Antimicrobial agents antimicrobial tolerance Bacteria Bacteria - drug effects Bacteria - genetics Biofilms Biofilms - drug effects Biofilms - growth & development Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial Drug Tolerance - genetics E coli Gene expression Genetic Heterogeneity Genomes Genomics Heterogeneity Humans Mutagenesis Mutation persisters Phase variations Phenotype phenotypic heterogeneity Physiology Population Protein expression Proteins Proteomics Streptococcus infections Stress, Physiological |
| title | Phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity within biofilms with particular emphasis on persistence and antimicrobial tolerance |
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