Land or ocean?: Assessing the driving forces of submarine groundwater discharge at a coastal site in the Gulf of Mexico
Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is an important pathway of trace element and nutrient cycling in the coastal ocean. Since terrestrial and marine SGD driving forces are usually superimposed, it is difficult to separate their relative contributions. This work uses continuous, long‐term (∼2 years...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 2009-04, Vol.114 (C4), p.n/a |
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| container_title | Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |
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| creator | Santos, Isaac R. Burnett, William C. Chanton, Jeffrey Dimova, Natasha Peterson, Richard N. |
| description | Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is an important pathway of trace element and nutrient cycling in the coastal ocean. Since terrestrial and marine SGD driving forces are usually superimposed, it is difficult to separate their relative contributions. This work uses continuous, long‐term (∼2 years) records of seawater 222Rn to estimate total SGD rates and hydrological observations to examine the driving forces of SGD at a coastal site on the Gulf of Mexico. While seasonal cycles cannot be clearly identified, short‐term fluctuations were ubiquitous. Radon‐derived SGD was strongly associated with the neap spring tidal cycle, at least during a period of extreme drought when minimum external disturbances were present. We applied multiple independent approaches to separate the relative contribution of fresh and saline SGD. A salinity mixing model indicated that the contribution of fresh SGD ranged between 3 and 12%. The rate of freshening of water within a seepage meter required vertical freshwater advection of ∼0.9 cm d−1 at low tide, which is |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1029/2008JC005038 |
| format | Article |
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Since terrestrial and marine SGD driving forces are usually superimposed, it is difficult to separate their relative contributions. This work uses continuous, long‐term (∼2 years) records of seawater 222Rn to estimate total SGD rates and hydrological observations to examine the driving forces of SGD at a coastal site on the Gulf of Mexico. While seasonal cycles cannot be clearly identified, short‐term fluctuations were ubiquitous. Radon‐derived SGD was strongly associated with the neap spring tidal cycle, at least during a period of extreme drought when minimum external disturbances were present. We applied multiple independent approaches to separate the relative contribution of fresh and saline SGD. A salinity mixing model indicated that the contribution of fresh SGD ranged between 3 and 12%. The rate of freshening of water within a seepage meter required vertical freshwater advection of ∼0.9 cm d−1 at low tide, which is <10% of the total SGD estimated from 222Rn (∼11 cm d−1). Darcy's law calculations and water table decline rate also suggested a fresh SGD contribution <5%. The temporal trends in total SGD and the reasonable agreement of our multiple approaches indicate that transient marine forces, likely tidal pumping, dominate benthic advective exchange in these permeable sediments. Compared to regional river inputs, our conservatively extrapolated saline SGD is on the same order of magnitude, but fresh groundwater only represents a small fraction. Future investigations should refine techniques for scaling up local observations.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0148-0227</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 2169-9275</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2156-2202</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2169-9291</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1029/2008JC005038</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Earth sciences ; Earth, ocean, space ; Exact sciences and technology ; geochemical tracers ; Marine ; permeable sediments ; pore water ; seepage ; subterranean estuary</subject><ispartof>Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 2009-04, Vol.114 (C4), p.n/a</ispartof><rights>Copyright 2009 by the American Geophysical Union.</rights><rights>2009 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a5509-ac9c7e8134cc3dae3289656b738d5ebec3d49de23d21434311b19ffa940ff7b83</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a5509-ac9c7e8134cc3dae3289656b738d5ebec3d49de23d21434311b19ffa940ff7b83</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029%2F2008JC005038$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029%2F2008JC005038$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,1427,11493,27901,27902,45550,45551,46384,46443,46808,46867</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=21563464$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Santos, Isaac R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Burnett, William C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chanton, Jeffrey</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dimova, Natasha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peterson, Richard N.</creatorcontrib><title>Land or ocean?: Assessing the driving forces of submarine groundwater discharge at a coastal site in the Gulf of Mexico</title><title>Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans</title><addtitle>J. Geophys. Res</addtitle><description>Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is an important pathway of trace element and nutrient cycling in the coastal ocean. Since terrestrial and marine SGD driving forces are usually superimposed, it is difficult to separate their relative contributions. This work uses continuous, long‐term (∼2 years) records of seawater 222Rn to estimate total SGD rates and hydrological observations to examine the driving forces of SGD at a coastal site on the Gulf of Mexico. While seasonal cycles cannot be clearly identified, short‐term fluctuations were ubiquitous. Radon‐derived SGD was strongly associated with the neap spring tidal cycle, at least during a period of extreme drought when minimum external disturbances were present. We applied multiple independent approaches to separate the relative contribution of fresh and saline SGD. A salinity mixing model indicated that the contribution of fresh SGD ranged between 3 and 12%. The rate of freshening of water within a seepage meter required vertical freshwater advection of ∼0.9 cm d−1 at low tide, which is <10% of the total SGD estimated from 222Rn (∼11 cm d−1). Darcy's law calculations and water table decline rate also suggested a fresh SGD contribution <5%. The temporal trends in total SGD and the reasonable agreement of our multiple approaches indicate that transient marine forces, likely tidal pumping, dominate benthic advective exchange in these permeable sediments. Compared to regional river inputs, our conservatively extrapolated saline SGD is on the same order of magnitude, but fresh groundwater only represents a small fraction. Future investigations should refine techniques for scaling up local observations.</description><subject>Earth sciences</subject><subject>Earth, ocean, space</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>geochemical tracers</subject><subject>Marine</subject><subject>permeable sediments</subject><subject>pore water</subject><subject>seepage</subject><subject>subterranean estuary</subject><issn>0148-0227</issn><issn>2169-9275</issn><issn>2156-2202</issn><issn>2169-9291</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kE1v1DAQhiMEEqvSGz_AFyQOBPyZxFxQiWChWj6EFsHNmjjjrSGNiydh239Plq0qTvhiy3reRzNvUTwW_Lng0r6QnDfnLeeGq-ZesZLCVKWUXN4vVlzopuRS1g-LU6IffDnaVJqLVbHfwNizlFnyCOOrl-yMCIniuGPTBbI-x9-Hd0jZI7EUGM3dJeQ4ItvlNI_9HibMrI_kLyDvkMHEgPkENMHAKE7I4vhXtZ6HcBB8wOvo06PiQYCB8PT2Pim-vn2zbd-Vm0_r9-3ZpgRjuC3BW19jI5T2XvWASja2MlVXq6Y32OHyqW2PUvVSaKWVEJ2wIYDVPIS6a9RJ8fTovcrp14w0uctlVBwGGDHN5IQV1holjV3QZ0fU50SUMbirHJddb5zg7lCx-7fiBX9yawbyMIQMo490lzn0r3SlF04duX0c8Oa_Tne-_tIKsUy0pMpjKtKE13cpyD9dVavauG8f167dyu_b1-qzs-oPN0iY4w</recordid><startdate>200904</startdate><enddate>200904</enddate><creator>Santos, Isaac R.</creator><creator>Burnett, William C.</creator><creator>Chanton, Jeffrey</creator><creator>Dimova, Natasha</creator><creator>Peterson, Richard N.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>American Geophysical Union</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>L.G</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200904</creationdate><title>Land or ocean?: Assessing the driving forces of submarine groundwater discharge at a coastal site in the Gulf of Mexico</title><author>Santos, Isaac R. ; Burnett, William C. ; Chanton, Jeffrey ; Dimova, Natasha ; Peterson, Richard N.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a5509-ac9c7e8134cc3dae3289656b738d5ebec3d49de23d21434311b19ffa940ff7b83</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>Earth sciences</topic><topic>Earth, ocean, space</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>geochemical tracers</topic><topic>Marine</topic><topic>permeable sediments</topic><topic>pore water</topic><topic>seepage</topic><topic>subterranean estuary</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Santos, Isaac R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Burnett, William C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chanton, Jeffrey</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dimova, Natasha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peterson, Richard N.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><jtitle>Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Santos, Isaac R.</au><au>Burnett, William C.</au><au>Chanton, Jeffrey</au><au>Dimova, Natasha</au><au>Peterson, Richard N.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Land or ocean?: Assessing the driving forces of submarine groundwater discharge at a coastal site in the Gulf of Mexico</atitle><jtitle>Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans</jtitle><addtitle>J. Geophys. Res</addtitle><date>2009-04</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>114</volume><issue>C4</issue><epage>n/a</epage><issn>0148-0227</issn><issn>2169-9275</issn><eissn>2156-2202</eissn><eissn>2169-9291</eissn><abstract>Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is an important pathway of trace element and nutrient cycling in the coastal ocean. Since terrestrial and marine SGD driving forces are usually superimposed, it is difficult to separate their relative contributions. This work uses continuous, long‐term (∼2 years) records of seawater 222Rn to estimate total SGD rates and hydrological observations to examine the driving forces of SGD at a coastal site on the Gulf of Mexico. While seasonal cycles cannot be clearly identified, short‐term fluctuations were ubiquitous. Radon‐derived SGD was strongly associated with the neap spring tidal cycle, at least during a period of extreme drought when minimum external disturbances were present. We applied multiple independent approaches to separate the relative contribution of fresh and saline SGD. A salinity mixing model indicated that the contribution of fresh SGD ranged between 3 and 12%. The rate of freshening of water within a seepage meter required vertical freshwater advection of ∼0.9 cm d−1 at low tide, which is <10% of the total SGD estimated from 222Rn (∼11 cm d−1). Darcy's law calculations and water table decline rate also suggested a fresh SGD contribution <5%. The temporal trends in total SGD and the reasonable agreement of our multiple approaches indicate that transient marine forces, likely tidal pumping, dominate benthic advective exchange in these permeable sediments. Compared to regional river inputs, our conservatively extrapolated saline SGD is on the same order of magnitude, but fresh groundwater only represents a small fraction. Future investigations should refine techniques for scaling up local observations.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><doi>10.1029/2008JC005038</doi><tpages>11</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | Wiley Free Content; Wiley-Blackwell AGU Digital Library; Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Exact sciences and technology geochemical tracers Marine permeable sediments pore water seepage subterranean estuary |
| title | Land or ocean?: Assessing the driving forces of submarine groundwater discharge at a coastal site in the Gulf of Mexico |
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