Overexpression of glutathione peroxidase 1 predicts poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Purpose Intracellular antioxidant enzymes are commonly upregulated in various cancer types and are associated with treatment outcomes. Because the relationship has rarely been examined in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), we aimed to evaluate the association between the levels of glutathione pero...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 2017-11, Vol.143 (11), p.2257-2265 |
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| creator | Lee, Jae Ryung Roh, Jong-Lyel Lee, Sun Mi Park, Yangsoon Cho, Kyung-Ja Choi, Seung-Ho Nam, Soon Yuhl Kim, Sang Yoon |
| description | Purpose
Intracellular antioxidant enzymes are commonly upregulated in various cancer types and are associated with treatment outcomes. Because the relationship has rarely been examined in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), we aimed to evaluate the association between the levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPX)1, GPX4, and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR)1 expression and prognosis in patients with OSCC who underwent curative surgical resection.
Methods
This study included 233 patients who underwent curative surgery for previously untreated OSCC between 2000 and 2012. Tumour GPX1, GPX4, and TrxR1 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and was dichotomised to low and high values according to defined expression levels. The association between GPX1, GPX4, and TrxR1 expression and clinicopathological results was analysed. Univariate and multivariate analyses using the Cox proportional hazards model were conducted to assess the significance of differences in recurrence or survival outcomes between variables.
Results
High GPX1, GPX4, and TrxR1 expression was observed in 99 (42.5%), 133 (57.1%), and 46 (19.7%) patients, respectively. GPX1 overexpression was significantly correlated with nodal metastasis, advanced overall stage, depth of invasion of >10 mm, high grade and perineural invasion (
P
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| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00432-017-2466-7 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1914289764</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>1951218700</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c372t-d140c1fa21a36507cd4a9674ec9758f69a698f27706e189475c17e75c6d4bea53</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kU9v1DAQxS0EokvhA3BBlrhwCXgc_0mOqGoBqdJe4Gx5nck2VRJvPUlVvj2z2hahSlxsjec3z0_zhHgP6jMo5b-QUqbWlQJfaeNc5V-IDRxfoK7tS7HhBlRWgzsTb4huFdfW69fiTDfO1qptNmK3vceCD4eCREOeZe7lflyXuNxwhfKAJT8MXSSUIBnqhrSQPORcuMr7OdNAcuCxEkdJd2uc8koy4TjKFEsa5jzFt-JVH0fCd4_3ufh1dfnz4nt1vf324-LrdZVqr5eqA6MS9FFDrJ1VPnUmts4bTK23Te_a6Nqm194rh9C0xtsEHvl0ndlhtPW5-HTSZWd3K9ISpoGOVuKM7CpAC0Y3rXeG0Y_P0Nu8lpndMWVBQ-OVYgpOVCqZqGAfDmWYYvkdQIVjAOEUQOC9hmMAwfPMh0fldTdh93fiaeMM6BNA3Jr3WP75-r-qfwBdOJDO</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1951218700</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Overexpression of glutathione peroxidase 1 predicts poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerNature Journals</source><creator>Lee, Jae Ryung ; Roh, Jong-Lyel ; Lee, Sun Mi ; Park, Yangsoon ; Cho, Kyung-Ja ; Choi, Seung-Ho ; Nam, Soon Yuhl ; Kim, Sang Yoon</creator><creatorcontrib>Lee, Jae Ryung ; Roh, Jong-Lyel ; Lee, Sun Mi ; Park, Yangsoon ; Cho, Kyung-Ja ; Choi, Seung-Ho ; Nam, Soon Yuhl ; Kim, Sang Yoon</creatorcontrib><description>Purpose
Intracellular antioxidant enzymes are commonly upregulated in various cancer types and are associated with treatment outcomes. Because the relationship has rarely been examined in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), we aimed to evaluate the association between the levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPX)1, GPX4, and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR)1 expression and prognosis in patients with OSCC who underwent curative surgical resection.
Methods
This study included 233 patients who underwent curative surgery for previously untreated OSCC between 2000 and 2012. Tumour GPX1, GPX4, and TrxR1 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and was dichotomised to low and high values according to defined expression levels. The association between GPX1, GPX4, and TrxR1 expression and clinicopathological results was analysed. Univariate and multivariate analyses using the Cox proportional hazards model were conducted to assess the significance of differences in recurrence or survival outcomes between variables.
Results
High GPX1, GPX4, and TrxR1 expression was observed in 99 (42.5%), 133 (57.1%), and 46 (19.7%) patients, respectively. GPX1 overexpression was significantly correlated with nodal metastasis, advanced overall stage, depth of invasion of >10 mm, high grade and perineural invasion (
P
< 0.05). High GPX4 expression was also related to nodal metastasis, overall advanced stage and high grade (
P
< 0.05). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that increased GPX1 expression was significantly associated with poor disease-free, cancer-specific and overall survival (all
P
< 0.05), while increased GPX4 or TrxR1 expression was not (all
P
> 0.1).
Conclusions
Tumour GPX1 expression is a useful biomarker predictive of recurrence and survival in OSCC patients.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0171-5216</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-1335</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00432-017-2466-7</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28653098</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antioxidants ; Biomarkers, Tumor - metabolism ; Cancer Research ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - metabolism ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - secondary ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gene expression ; Glutathione peroxidase ; Glutathione Peroxidase - metabolism ; Glutathione Peroxidase GPX1 ; Hematology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Internal Medicine ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Medical prognosis ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Metastases ; Metastasis ; Middle Aged ; Mouth Neoplasms - metabolism ; Mouth Neoplasms - pathology ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Staging ; Oncology ; Oral cancer ; Oral squamous cell carcinoma ; Original Article – Clinical Oncology ; Phospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione Peroxidase ; Prognosis ; Reductase ; Squamous cell carcinoma ; Surgery ; Survival ; Survival Rate ; Thioredoxin ; Thioredoxin Reductase 1 - metabolism ; Tumors ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology, 2017-11, Vol.143 (11), p.2257-2265</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany 2017</rights><rights>Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology is a copyright of Springer, 2017.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c372t-d140c1fa21a36507cd4a9674ec9758f69a698f27706e189475c17e75c6d4bea53</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c372t-d140c1fa21a36507cd4a9674ec9758f69a698f27706e189475c17e75c6d4bea53</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-1537-1977</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00432-017-2466-7$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00432-017-2466-7$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28653098$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lee, Jae Ryung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roh, Jong-Lyel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Sun Mi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Yangsoon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cho, Kyung-Ja</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Seung-Ho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nam, Soon Yuhl</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Sang Yoon</creatorcontrib><title>Overexpression of glutathione peroxidase 1 predicts poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma</title><title>Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology</title><addtitle>J Cancer Res Clin Oncol</addtitle><addtitle>J Cancer Res Clin Oncol</addtitle><description>Purpose
Intracellular antioxidant enzymes are commonly upregulated in various cancer types and are associated with treatment outcomes. Because the relationship has rarely been examined in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), we aimed to evaluate the association between the levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPX)1, GPX4, and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR)1 expression and prognosis in patients with OSCC who underwent curative surgical resection.
Methods
This study included 233 patients who underwent curative surgery for previously untreated OSCC between 2000 and 2012. Tumour GPX1, GPX4, and TrxR1 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and was dichotomised to low and high values according to defined expression levels. The association between GPX1, GPX4, and TrxR1 expression and clinicopathological results was analysed. Univariate and multivariate analyses using the Cox proportional hazards model were conducted to assess the significance of differences in recurrence or survival outcomes between variables.
Results
High GPX1, GPX4, and TrxR1 expression was observed in 99 (42.5%), 133 (57.1%), and 46 (19.7%) patients, respectively. GPX1 overexpression was significantly correlated with nodal metastasis, advanced overall stage, depth of invasion of >10 mm, high grade and perineural invasion (
P
< 0.05). High GPX4 expression was also related to nodal metastasis, overall advanced stage and high grade (
P
< 0.05). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that increased GPX1 expression was significantly associated with poor disease-free, cancer-specific and overall survival (all
P
< 0.05), while increased GPX4 or TrxR1 expression was not (all
P
> 0.1).
Conclusions
Tumour GPX1 expression is a useful biomarker predictive of recurrence and survival in OSCC patients.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Antioxidants</subject><subject>Biomarkers, Tumor - metabolism</subject><subject>Cancer Research</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - metabolism</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - secondary</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Follow-Up Studies</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>Glutathione peroxidase</subject><subject>Glutathione Peroxidase - metabolism</subject><subject>Glutathione Peroxidase GPX1</subject><subject>Hematology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunohistochemistry</subject><subject>Internal Medicine</subject><subject>Lymphatic Metastasis</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical prognosis</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Metastases</subject><subject>Metastasis</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Mouth Neoplasms - metabolism</subject><subject>Mouth Neoplasms - pathology</subject><subject>Neoplasm Invasiveness</subject><subject>Neoplasm Staging</subject><subject>Oncology</subject><subject>Oral cancer</subject><subject>Oral squamous cell carcinoma</subject><subject>Original Article – Clinical Oncology</subject><subject>Phospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione Peroxidase</subject><subject>Prognosis</subject><subject>Reductase</subject><subject>Squamous cell carcinoma</subject><subject>Surgery</subject><subject>Survival</subject><subject>Survival Rate</subject><subject>Thioredoxin</subject><subject>Thioredoxin Reductase 1 - metabolism</subject><subject>Tumors</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0171-5216</issn><issn>1432-1335</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kU9v1DAQxS0EokvhA3BBlrhwCXgc_0mOqGoBqdJe4Gx5nck2VRJvPUlVvj2z2hahSlxsjec3z0_zhHgP6jMo5b-QUqbWlQJfaeNc5V-IDRxfoK7tS7HhBlRWgzsTb4huFdfW69fiTDfO1qptNmK3vceCD4eCREOeZe7lflyXuNxwhfKAJT8MXSSUIBnqhrSQPORcuMr7OdNAcuCxEkdJd2uc8koy4TjKFEsa5jzFt-JVH0fCd4_3ufh1dfnz4nt1vf324-LrdZVqr5eqA6MS9FFDrJ1VPnUmts4bTK23Te_a6Nqm194rh9C0xtsEHvl0ndlhtPW5-HTSZWd3K9ISpoGOVuKM7CpAC0Y3rXeG0Y_P0Nu8lpndMWVBQ-OVYgpOVCqZqGAfDmWYYvkdQIVjAOEUQOC9hmMAwfPMh0fldTdh93fiaeMM6BNA3Jr3WP75-r-qfwBdOJDO</recordid><startdate>20171101</startdate><enddate>20171101</enddate><creator>Lee, Jae Ryung</creator><creator>Roh, Jong-Lyel</creator><creator>Lee, Sun Mi</creator><creator>Park, Yangsoon</creator><creator>Cho, Kyung-Ja</creator><creator>Choi, Seung-Ho</creator><creator>Nam, Soon Yuhl</creator><creator>Kim, Sang Yoon</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1537-1977</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20171101</creationdate><title>Overexpression of glutathione peroxidase 1 predicts poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma</title><author>Lee, Jae Ryung ; Roh, Jong-Lyel ; Lee, Sun Mi ; Park, Yangsoon ; Cho, Kyung-Ja ; Choi, Seung-Ho ; Nam, Soon Yuhl ; Kim, Sang Yoon</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c372t-d140c1fa21a36507cd4a9674ec9758f69a698f27706e189475c17e75c6d4bea53</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Antioxidants</topic><topic>Biomarkers, Tumor - metabolism</topic><topic>Cancer Research</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - metabolism</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - secondary</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Follow-Up Studies</topic><topic>Gene expression</topic><topic>Glutathione peroxidase</topic><topic>Glutathione Peroxidase - metabolism</topic><topic>Glutathione Peroxidase GPX1</topic><topic>Hematology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunohistochemistry</topic><topic>Internal Medicine</topic><topic>Lymphatic Metastasis</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical prognosis</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Metastases</topic><topic>Metastasis</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Mouth Neoplasms - metabolism</topic><topic>Mouth Neoplasms - pathology</topic><topic>Neoplasm Invasiveness</topic><topic>Neoplasm Staging</topic><topic>Oncology</topic><topic>Oral cancer</topic><topic>Oral squamous cell carcinoma</topic><topic>Original Article – Clinical Oncology</topic><topic>Phospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione Peroxidase</topic><topic>Prognosis</topic><topic>Reductase</topic><topic>Squamous cell carcinoma</topic><topic>Surgery</topic><topic>Survival</topic><topic>Survival Rate</topic><topic>Thioredoxin</topic><topic>Thioredoxin Reductase 1 - metabolism</topic><topic>Tumors</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Lee, Jae Ryung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roh, Jong-Lyel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Sun Mi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Yangsoon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cho, Kyung-Ja</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Seung-Ho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nam, Soon Yuhl</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Sang Yoon</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Oncogenes and Growth Factors Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lee, Jae Ryung</au><au>Roh, Jong-Lyel</au><au>Lee, Sun Mi</au><au>Park, Yangsoon</au><au>Cho, Kyung-Ja</au><au>Choi, Seung-Ho</au><au>Nam, Soon Yuhl</au><au>Kim, Sang Yoon</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Overexpression of glutathione peroxidase 1 predicts poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma</atitle><jtitle>Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology</jtitle><stitle>J Cancer Res Clin Oncol</stitle><addtitle>J Cancer Res Clin Oncol</addtitle><date>2017-11-01</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>143</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>2257</spage><epage>2265</epage><pages>2257-2265</pages><issn>0171-5216</issn><eissn>1432-1335</eissn><abstract>Purpose
Intracellular antioxidant enzymes are commonly upregulated in various cancer types and are associated with treatment outcomes. Because the relationship has rarely been examined in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), we aimed to evaluate the association between the levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPX)1, GPX4, and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR)1 expression and prognosis in patients with OSCC who underwent curative surgical resection.
Methods
This study included 233 patients who underwent curative surgery for previously untreated OSCC between 2000 and 2012. Tumour GPX1, GPX4, and TrxR1 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and was dichotomised to low and high values according to defined expression levels. The association between GPX1, GPX4, and TrxR1 expression and clinicopathological results was analysed. Univariate and multivariate analyses using the Cox proportional hazards model were conducted to assess the significance of differences in recurrence or survival outcomes between variables.
Results
High GPX1, GPX4, and TrxR1 expression was observed in 99 (42.5%), 133 (57.1%), and 46 (19.7%) patients, respectively. GPX1 overexpression was significantly correlated with nodal metastasis, advanced overall stage, depth of invasion of >10 mm, high grade and perineural invasion (
P
< 0.05). High GPX4 expression was also related to nodal metastasis, overall advanced stage and high grade (
P
< 0.05). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that increased GPX1 expression was significantly associated with poor disease-free, cancer-specific and overall survival (all
P
< 0.05), while increased GPX4 or TrxR1 expression was not (all
P
> 0.1).
Conclusions
Tumour GPX1 expression is a useful biomarker predictive of recurrence and survival in OSCC patients.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>28653098</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00432-017-2466-7</doi><tpages>9</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1537-1977</orcidid></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0171-5216 |
| ispartof | Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology, 2017-11, Vol.143 (11), p.2257-2265 |
| issn | 0171-5216 1432-1335 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1914289764 |
| source | MEDLINE; SpringerNature Journals |
| subjects | Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Antioxidants Biomarkers, Tumor - metabolism Cancer Research Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - metabolism Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - secondary Female Follow-Up Studies Gene expression Glutathione peroxidase Glutathione Peroxidase - metabolism Glutathione Peroxidase GPX1 Hematology Humans Immunohistochemistry Internal Medicine Lymphatic Metastasis Male Medical prognosis Medicine Medicine & Public Health Metastases Metastasis Middle Aged Mouth Neoplasms - metabolism Mouth Neoplasms - pathology Neoplasm Invasiveness Neoplasm Staging Oncology Oral cancer Oral squamous cell carcinoma Original Article – Clinical Oncology Phospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione Peroxidase Prognosis Reductase Squamous cell carcinoma Surgery Survival Survival Rate Thioredoxin Thioredoxin Reductase 1 - metabolism Tumors Young Adult |
| title | Overexpression of glutathione peroxidase 1 predicts poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma |
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