Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Spawning and Larval Hatching by the Horseshoe Crab, Limulus polyphemus, in a Microtidal Coastal Lagoon
Estuarine species with wide geographic distributions often experience tidal regimes that vary significantly throughout their range. Plasticity in behaviors associated with the tide is expected to enable synchronization with local tides. The American horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus typically inhabi...
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description | Estuarine species with wide geographic distributions often experience tidal regimes that vary significantly throughout their range. Plasticity in behaviors associated with the tide is expected to enable synchronization with local tides. The American horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus typically inhabits estuaries and coastal areas with pronounced semi-diurnal tides that play a role in synchronizing the timing of spawning and larval hatching, but also lives in areas that lack significant tides and associated synchronization cues. We investigated the spatial and temporal pattern of adult spawning and larval hatching of L. polyphemus in a microtidal coastal lagoon (Indian River Lagoon, Florida, USA). Spawning activity and larval abundance were monitored weekly February 1998-August 2000 at sites spanning 100 km of the lagoon. To identify possible synchronization cues for spawning and hatching success, the presence of adult and larval L. polyphemus were related to environmental and hydrologic variables using logistic regression. The presence of spawning adults varied significantly among the sub-basins of the lagoon, with the highest densities occurring in the Banana River. Large spawning aggregations were not observed and densities never exceeded 6 m-2. Spawning occurred year-round but varied seasonally with episodes of increased mating activity in the early spring. The occurrence of mating pairs was episodic and was not synchronized among sites. Larval densities were low (4 m-3) and larvae were present at only 12 of the 21 sites. Hatching success was decoupled temporally from spawning activity, with peaks in larval abundance occurring approximately 8 wk after peaks in spawning. Larval abundance was associated with periods of high water. Reproductive activity of horseshoe crabs in the lagoon differs significantly from populations inhabiting areas with semi-diurnal and diurnal tides. These differences are likely due to the lack of periodic tidally-related synchronization cues and regular beach inundation. |
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Plasticity in behaviors associated with the tide is expected to enable synchronization with local tides. The American horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus typically inhabits estuaries and coastal areas with pronounced semi-diurnal tides that play a role in synchronizing the timing of spawning and larval hatching, but also lives in areas that lack significant tides and associated synchronization cues. We investigated the spatial and temporal pattern of adult spawning and larval hatching of L. polyphemus in a microtidal coastal lagoon (Indian River Lagoon, Florida, USA). Spawning activity and larval abundance were monitored weekly February 1998-August 2000 at sites spanning 100 km of the lagoon. To identify possible synchronization cues for spawning and hatching success, the presence of adult and larval L. polyphemus were related to environmental and hydrologic variables using logistic regression. The presence of spawning adults varied significantly among the sub-basins of the lagoon, with the highest densities occurring in the Banana River. Large spawning aggregations were not observed and densities never exceeded 6 m-2. Spawning occurred year-round but varied seasonally with episodes of increased mating activity in the early spring. The occurrence of mating pairs was episodic and was not synchronized among sites. Larval densities were low (4 m-3) and larvae were present at only 12 of the 21 sites. Hatching success was decoupled temporally from spawning activity, with peaks in larval abundance occurring approximately 8 wk after peaks in spawning. Larval abundance was associated with periods of high water. Reproductive activity of horseshoe crabs in the lagoon differs significantly from populations inhabiting areas with semi-diurnal and diurnal tides. These differences are likely due to the lack of periodic tidally-related synchronization cues and regular beach inundation.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0160-8347</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1559-2723</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1559-2731</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/BF02711975</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Stony Brook: Estuarine Research Federation</publisher><subject>Animal reproduction ; Beaches ; Coastal zone ; Crustaceans ; Estuaries ; Geographical distribution ; Hatching ; Horseshoe crabs ; Lagoons ; Larvae ; Larval development ; Limulus polyphemus ; Merostomata ; Plankton ; Rivers ; Salinity ; Shorelines ; Spawning ; Tides ; USA, Florida, Indian R</subject><ispartof>Estuaries, 2003-06, Vol.26 (3), p.631-640</ispartof><rights>Copyright 2003 Estuarine Research Federation</rights><rights>Estuarine Research Federation 2003</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c308t-93ef42be8c0652e7bf799f4190d485b66f58be2e43eef67d81c2ede53c01d9173</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c308t-93ef42be8c0652e7bf799f4190d485b66f58be2e43eef67d81c2ede53c01d9173</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/1353524$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/1353524$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,803,27924,27925,58017,58250</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ehlinger, Gretchen S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tankersley, Richard A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bush, Mark B.</creatorcontrib><title>Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Spawning and Larval Hatching by the Horseshoe Crab, Limulus polyphemus, in a Microtidal Coastal Lagoon</title><title>Estuaries</title><description>Estuarine species with wide geographic distributions often experience tidal regimes that vary significantly throughout their range. Plasticity in behaviors associated with the tide is expected to enable synchronization with local tides. The American horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus typically inhabits estuaries and coastal areas with pronounced semi-diurnal tides that play a role in synchronizing the timing of spawning and larval hatching, but also lives in areas that lack significant tides and associated synchronization cues. We investigated the spatial and temporal pattern of adult spawning and larval hatching of L. polyphemus in a microtidal coastal lagoon (Indian River Lagoon, Florida, USA). Spawning activity and larval abundance were monitored weekly February 1998-August 2000 at sites spanning 100 km of the lagoon. To identify possible synchronization cues for spawning and hatching success, the presence of adult and larval L. polyphemus were related to environmental and hydrologic variables using logistic regression. The presence of spawning adults varied significantly among the sub-basins of the lagoon, with the highest densities occurring in the Banana River. Large spawning aggregations were not observed and densities never exceeded 6 m-2. Spawning occurred year-round but varied seasonally with episodes of increased mating activity in the early spring. The occurrence of mating pairs was episodic and was not synchronized among sites. Larval densities were low (4 m-3) and larvae were present at only 12 of the 21 sites. Hatching success was decoupled temporally from spawning activity, with peaks in larval abundance occurring approximately 8 wk after peaks in spawning. Larval abundance was associated with periods of high water. Reproductive activity of horseshoe crabs in the lagoon differs significantly from populations inhabiting areas with semi-diurnal and diurnal tides. These differences are likely due to the lack of periodic tidally-related synchronization cues and regular beach inundation.</description><subject>Animal reproduction</subject><subject>Beaches</subject><subject>Coastal zone</subject><subject>Crustaceans</subject><subject>Estuaries</subject><subject>Geographical distribution</subject><subject>Hatching</subject><subject>Horseshoe crabs</subject><subject>Lagoons</subject><subject>Larvae</subject><subject>Larval development</subject><subject>Limulus polyphemus</subject><subject>Merostomata</subject><subject>Plankton</subject><subject>Rivers</subject><subject>Salinity</subject><subject>Shorelines</subject><subject>Spawning</subject><subject>Tides</subject><subject>USA, Florida, Indian R</subject><issn>0160-8347</issn><issn>1559-2723</issn><issn>1559-2731</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2003</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNpd0c1KxDAQAOAgCq6rF88eggcPYjU_TdMcdXFdoaLgei5pO3W7tE1NUmWfwNc2uoLgaZiZj2GSQeiYkktKiLy6mRMmKVVS7KAJFUJFTHK6iyaEJiRKeSz30YFza0KCSeQEfT4P2je6xbqv8BK6wdiQPGnvwfYOmxoH8NE3_euPyLR9D_2F9uXqu1ZssF8BXhjrwK0M4JnVxQXOmm5sR4cH026GFXSju8BNjzV-aEprfFOFGTOjnQ8x06_G9Idor9atg6PfOEUv89vlbBFlj3f3s-ssKjlJfaQ41DErIC1JIhjIopZK1TFVpIpTUSRJLdICGMQcoE5kldKSQQWCl4RWiko-RWfbuYM1byM4n3eNK6FtdQ9mdDlVlIvwgQGe_oNrM9o-7JYrmrCYJSkN6HyLwqucs1Dng206bTc5Jfn3QfK_gwR8ssVr5439k1xwwWL-BW5yhzA</recordid><startdate>20030601</startdate><enddate>20030601</enddate><creator>Ehlinger, Gretchen S.</creator><creator>Tankersley, Richard A.</creator><creator>Bush, Mark B.</creator><general>Estuarine Research Federation</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20030601</creationdate><title>Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Spawning and Larval Hatching by the Horseshoe Crab, Limulus polyphemus, in a Microtidal Coastal Lagoon</title><author>Ehlinger, Gretchen S. ; Tankersley, Richard A. ; Bush, Mark B.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c308t-93ef42be8c0652e7bf799f4190d485b66f58be2e43eef67d81c2ede53c01d9173</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2003</creationdate><topic>Animal reproduction</topic><topic>Beaches</topic><topic>Coastal zone</topic><topic>Crustaceans</topic><topic>Estuaries</topic><topic>Geographical distribution</topic><topic>Hatching</topic><topic>Horseshoe crabs</topic><topic>Lagoons</topic><topic>Larvae</topic><topic>Larval development</topic><topic>Limulus polyphemus</topic><topic>Merostomata</topic><topic>Plankton</topic><topic>Rivers</topic><topic>Salinity</topic><topic>Shorelines</topic><topic>Spawning</topic><topic>Tides</topic><topic>USA, Florida, Indian R</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ehlinger, Gretchen S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tankersley, Richard A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bush, Mark B.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><jtitle>Estuaries</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ehlinger, Gretchen S.</au><au>Tankersley, Richard A.</au><au>Bush, Mark B.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Spawning and Larval Hatching by the Horseshoe Crab, Limulus polyphemus, in a Microtidal Coastal Lagoon</atitle><jtitle>Estuaries</jtitle><date>2003-06-01</date><risdate>2003</risdate><volume>26</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>631</spage><epage>640</epage><pages>631-640</pages><issn>0160-8347</issn><issn>1559-2723</issn><eissn>1559-2731</eissn><abstract>Estuarine species with wide geographic distributions often experience tidal regimes that vary significantly throughout their range. Plasticity in behaviors associated with the tide is expected to enable synchronization with local tides. The American horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus typically inhabits estuaries and coastal areas with pronounced semi-diurnal tides that play a role in synchronizing the timing of spawning and larval hatching, but also lives in areas that lack significant tides and associated synchronization cues. We investigated the spatial and temporal pattern of adult spawning and larval hatching of L. polyphemus in a microtidal coastal lagoon (Indian River Lagoon, Florida, USA). Spawning activity and larval abundance were monitored weekly February 1998-August 2000 at sites spanning 100 km of the lagoon. To identify possible synchronization cues for spawning and hatching success, the presence of adult and larval L. polyphemus were related to environmental and hydrologic variables using logistic regression. The presence of spawning adults varied significantly among the sub-basins of the lagoon, with the highest densities occurring in the Banana River. Large spawning aggregations were not observed and densities never exceeded 6 m-2. Spawning occurred year-round but varied seasonally with episodes of increased mating activity in the early spring. The occurrence of mating pairs was episodic and was not synchronized among sites. Larval densities were low (4 m-3) and larvae were present at only 12 of the 21 sites. Hatching success was decoupled temporally from spawning activity, with peaks in larval abundance occurring approximately 8 wk after peaks in spawning. Larval abundance was associated with periods of high water. Reproductive activity of horseshoe crabs in the lagoon differs significantly from populations inhabiting areas with semi-diurnal and diurnal tides. These differences are likely due to the lack of periodic tidally-related synchronization cues and regular beach inundation.</abstract><cop>Stony Brook</cop><pub>Estuarine Research Federation</pub><doi>10.1007/BF02711975</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Animal reproduction Beaches Coastal zone Crustaceans Estuaries Geographical distribution Hatching Horseshoe crabs Lagoons Larvae Larval development Limulus polyphemus Merostomata Plankton Rivers Salinity Shorelines Spawning Tides USA, Florida, Indian R |
title | Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Spawning and Larval Hatching by the Horseshoe Crab, Limulus polyphemus, in a Microtidal Coastal Lagoon |
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