Evaluation in situ of genotoxicity and stress in South American common toad Rhinella arenarum in environments related to fluorite mine

Little attention has been paid to the impact of wastewater generated by mining activities on fluoride. In this study, we evaluated the hematology responses of common South American toad Rhinella arenarum inhabiting natural and artificial environments associated with a fluorite mine from central Arge...

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Veröffentlicht in:Environmental science and pollution research international 2017-08, Vol.24 (22), p.18179-18187
Hauptverfasser: Pollo, Favio E., Grenat, Pablo R., Salinas, Zulma A., Otero, Manuel A., Salas, Nancy E., Martino, Adolfo L.
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container_issue 22
container_start_page 18179
container_title Environmental science and pollution research international
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creator Pollo, Favio E.
Grenat, Pablo R.
Salinas, Zulma A.
Otero, Manuel A.
Salas, Nancy E.
Martino, Adolfo L.
description Little attention has been paid to the impact of wastewater generated by mining activities on fluoride. In this study, we evaluated the hematology responses of common South American toad Rhinella arenarum inhabiting natural and artificial environments associated with a fluorite mine from central Argentina. We analyzed three sampling stations associated with the fluorite mine: (I) Los Cerros Negros stream (CN), which runs on granitic rock with a high fluorite content; (II) Los Vallecitos stream (LV), which runs on metamorphic rock with low fluorite content; and (III) artificial decantation ponds (DP) containing sediments produced by fluorite flotation process. We calculated frequencies of micronuclei, erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities, mitosis, and immature erythrocytes. In addition, we performed a differential leukocyte count and determined neutrophils/lymphocyte ratio as a stress response estimator. We found high micronucleus (MN) and erythrocyte nuclear abnormality (ENA) frequencies in DP and CN but low frequencies in LV. The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio was different among sites, with a significant increase in individuals from DP. Values registered in DP could be caused by exposure to mixture of compounds registered in dams that hold wastewater, while high values registered in CN stream might be due to natural concentrations of fluoride. Our results suggest that blood is an effective and non-destructive sensitive indicator for monitoring genotoxic agents in freshwater ecosystems.
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In this study, we evaluated the hematology responses of common South American toad Rhinella arenarum inhabiting natural and artificial environments associated with a fluorite mine from central Argentina. We analyzed three sampling stations associated with the fluorite mine: (I) Los Cerros Negros stream (CN), which runs on granitic rock with a high fluorite content; (II) Los Vallecitos stream (LV), which runs on metamorphic rock with low fluorite content; and (III) artificial decantation ponds (DP) containing sediments produced by fluorite flotation process. We calculated frequencies of micronuclei, erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities, mitosis, and immature erythrocytes. In addition, we performed a differential leukocyte count and determined neutrophils/lymphocyte ratio as a stress response estimator. We found high micronucleus (MN) and erythrocyte nuclear abnormality (ENA) frequencies in DP and CN but low frequencies in LV. The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio was different among sites, with a significant increase in individuals from DP. Values registered in DP could be caused by exposure to mixture of compounds registered in dams that hold wastewater, while high values registered in CN stream might be due to natural concentrations of fluoride. 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subjects Abnormalities
Amphibians
Animals
Aquatic ecosystems
Aquatic Pollution
Argentina
Artificial environments
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Bufo arenarum - metabolism
Decantation
DNA Damage
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecological monitoring
Ecotoxicology
Environment
Environmental Chemistry
Environmental Health
Environmental science
Erythrocytes
Female
Flotation
Fluorides
Fluorides - toxicity
Fluorite
Freshwater ecosystems
Genotoxicity
Hematology
Leukocytes (neutrophilic)
Low frequencies
Lymphocytes
Male
Metamorphic rocks
Micronuclei
Mining
Mitosis
Mutagenicity Tests
Ponds
Research Article
Rhinella arenarum
Rocks
Sediments
Waste Water Technology
Wastewater
Water Management
Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity
Water Pollution Control
title Evaluation in situ of genotoxicity and stress in South American common toad Rhinella arenarum in environments related to fluorite mine
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