Comparative physical mapping of 18S rDNA in the karyotypes of six leafcutter ant species of the genera Atta and Acromyrmex (Formicidae: Myrmicinae)

Leafcutter ants of the Atta and Acromyrmex genera are important plagues in different cultures. Cytogenetic data on chromosome number, morphology, and chromosomal banding pattern are only available for 17 species of leafcutter ants. Molecular cytogenetic data for the detection of ribosomal genes by t...

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Veröffentlicht in:Genetica 2017-10, Vol.145 (4-5), p.351-357
Hauptverfasser: Teixeira, Gisele Amaro, Barros, Luísa Antônia Campos, de Aguiar, Hilton Jeferson Alves Cardoso, das Graças Pompolo, Silvia
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container_title Genetica
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Barros, Luísa Antônia Campos
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das Graças Pompolo, Silvia
description Leafcutter ants of the Atta and Acromyrmex genera are important plagues in different cultures. Cytogenetic data on chromosome number, morphology, and chromosomal banding pattern are only available for 17 species of leafcutter ants. Molecular cytogenetic data for the detection of ribosomal genes by the FISH technique are scarce, and only 15 Neotropical ant species have been studied. This study aimed to physically map the 18S ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA) of six leafcutter ants belonging to the genera Atta and Acromyrmex using FISH. The results were compared with data on the fluorochrome CMA 3 currently available for these species. All analyzed species presented the 18S rDNA on one pair of chromosomes. In Acromyrmex subterraneus molestans and Ac. aspersus , FISH signals were observed in the terminal region of the short arm of the largest subtelocentric pair, while in Atta bisphaerica, A. laevigata , and A. sexdens , FISH signals were observed in the interstitial region of the long arm of the fourth metacentric pair. In Acromyrmex striatus , 18S rDNA was located in the interstitial region of the second metacentric pair. The karyotypic formula for Ac. aspersus was 2n = 38 (8m + 10sm + 16st + 4a), representing the first report in this species. The observed 18S rDNA regions in A. laevigata, A. sexdens, A. bisphaerica, Ac. aspersus , and Ac. subterraneus molestans corresponded to the CMA 3 + bands, while in Ac. striatus , several GC-rich bands and one pair of 18S rDNA bands were observed. No differential bands were visible using the DAPI fluorochrome. Karyotype uniformity with previously studied Atta spp. was also observed at the level of molecular cytogenetics using 18S rDNA FISH. A difference in the size of the chromosomal pair carrying the 18S rDNA gene was observed in Ac. striatus (2n = 22) and Atta spp. (2n = 22) highlighting the dissimilarity between these species. The results from the present study contribute to the description of 18S rDNA clusters in Neotropical ants.
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In Acromyrmex striatus , 18S rDNA was located in the interstitial region of the second metacentric pair. The karyotypic formula for Ac. aspersus was 2n = 38 (8m + 10sm + 16st + 4a), representing the first report in this species. The observed 18S rDNA regions in A. laevigata, A. sexdens, A. bisphaerica, Ac. aspersus , and Ac. subterraneus molestans corresponded to the CMA 3 + bands, while in Ac. striatus , several GC-rich bands and one pair of 18S rDNA bands were observed. No differential bands were visible using the DAPI fluorochrome. Karyotype uniformity with previously studied Atta spp. was also observed at the level of molecular cytogenetics using 18S rDNA FISH. A difference in the size of the chromosomal pair carrying the 18S rDNA gene was observed in Ac. striatus (2n = 22) and Atta spp. (2n = 22) highlighting the dissimilarity between these species. 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Cytogenetic data on chromosome number, morphology, and chromosomal banding pattern are only available for 17 species of leafcutter ants. Molecular cytogenetic data for the detection of ribosomal genes by the FISH technique are scarce, and only 15 Neotropical ant species have been studied. This study aimed to physically map the 18S ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA) of six leafcutter ants belonging to the genera Atta and Acromyrmex using FISH. The results were compared with data on the fluorochrome CMA 3 currently available for these species. All analyzed species presented the 18S rDNA on one pair of chromosomes. In Acromyrmex subterraneus molestans and Ac. aspersus , FISH signals were observed in the terminal region of the short arm of the largest subtelocentric pair, while in Atta bisphaerica, A. laevigata , and A. sexdens , FISH signals were observed in the interstitial region of the long arm of the fourth metacentric pair. In Acromyrmex striatus , 18S rDNA was located in the interstitial region of the second metacentric pair. The karyotypic formula for Ac. aspersus was 2n = 38 (8m + 10sm + 16st + 4a), representing the first report in this species. The observed 18S rDNA regions in A. laevigata, A. sexdens, A. bisphaerica, Ac. aspersus , and Ac. subterraneus molestans corresponded to the CMA 3 + bands, while in Ac. striatus , several GC-rich bands and one pair of 18S rDNA bands were observed. No differential bands were visible using the DAPI fluorochrome. Karyotype uniformity with previously studied Atta spp. was also observed at the level of molecular cytogenetics using 18S rDNA FISH. A difference in the size of the chromosomal pair carrying the 18S rDNA gene was observed in Ac. striatus (2n = 22) and Atta spp. (2n = 22) highlighting the dissimilarity between these species. The results from the present study contribute to the description of 18S rDNA clusters in Neotropical ants.</abstract><cop>Cham</cop><pub>Springer International Publishing</pub><pmid>28623426</pmid><doi>10.1007/s10709-017-9970-1</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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ispartof Genetica, 2017-10, Vol.145 (4-5), p.351-357
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recordid cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1910799124
source MEDLINE; Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals
subjects Animal Genetics and Genomics
Animals
Ants
Ants - classification
Ants - genetics
Banding
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Chromosome Banding
Chromosome number
Chromosomes
Chromosomes, Insect
Cytogenetics
DNA, Ribosomal - genetics
Evolutionary Biology
Fish
Gene mapping
Genes
Human Genetics
Karyotype
Karyotypes
Life Sciences
Microbial Genetics and Genomics
Original Paper
Physical Chromosome Mapping
Physical mapping
Plant Genetics and Genomics
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
rRNA 18S
Species
Species Specificity
title Comparative physical mapping of 18S rDNA in the karyotypes of six leafcutter ant species of the genera Atta and Acromyrmex (Formicidae: Myrmicinae)
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