Contribution of histopathology in the diagnosis of mycetoma in a Cameroonian trader and possibility of an urban contamination

Mycetoma are rare cutaneous affections caused by pathogens such as fungi or bacteria. They settle preferentially on limb extremities. We are going to talk about an original case of mycetoma in a young Cameroonian trader. A cutaneous mass with multiple draining sinuses was received at the anatomy and cytopathology laboratory. That mass was from a 30-year-old male trader, with no particular medical history and living in Yaounde, who was received for a lesion at the sole of the foot, which appeared some months before. This lesion started like a tough and painless nodule, which later showed draining sinuses to the skin. The surgical resection of the tissue mass was performed. The histopathological analysis with special staining procedures, which was later on performed, revealed mycetoma caused by fungi. This observation describes an original case of fungal mycetoma, which occured in a Cameroonian trader living in an urban milieu away from any mycetoma endemic zone. This case confirms the undeniable or undisputable contribution of histopathology in diagnosis of certainty. To our knowledge and according to available data, it is a premiere to find a case of mycetoma described in an urban milieu in Cameroon.