Correlation between corneal innervation and inflammation evaluated with confocal microscopy and symptomatology in patients with dry eye syndromes: a preliminary study
Purpose To evaluate corneal innervation and inflammatory cell infiltration using in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) and to correlate these findings with subjective symptoms of dry eye, as measured by the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) in patients with non-Sjögren’s (NSDE) and Sjögren’s syndrome...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 2017-09, Vol.255 (9), p.1771-1778 |
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| creator | Tepelus, Tudor C. Chiu, Gloria B. Huang, Jianyan Huang, Ping Sadda, SriniVas R. Irvine, John Lee, Olivia L. |
| description | Purpose
To evaluate corneal innervation and inflammatory cell infiltration using in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) and to correlate these findings with subjective symptoms of dry eye, as measured by the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) in patients with non-Sjögren’s (NSDE) and Sjögren’s syndrome dry eyes (SSDE).
Methods
Central corneal images were prospectively captured from 10 age-matched healthy control eyes, 24 eyes with clinically diagnosed NSDE and 44 eyes with clinically diagnosed SSDE, using IVCM (HRT III RCM). Density, tortuosity and reflectivity of corneal nerves, presence of inflammatory dendritic cells (DCs) and OSDI scores were evaluated.
Results
Images obtained by IVCM from 78 eyes were analyzed. The density of nerve fibers was 1562 ± 996 μm/frame in the SSDE group, 2150 ± 1015 μm/frame in the NSDE group and 2725 ± 687 μm/frame in the control group (
P
|
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00417-017-3680-3 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1901306932</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>1927952313</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c372t-a8298f9b23859404b99ed703c5537acd2c99ac98d1b0351b0c5bedad8431207d3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kc1u1TAQhS1ERS8tD8AGRWLDJuCfpLbZoatSkCqxaaXuLMeelFSxHeykVV6I52RuUxBCYmFZ9nzneDyHkNeMvmeUyg-F0obJmuISZ4rW4hnZsUa0taT85jnZUclZrQS_OSYvS7mjiIuWvSDHXLVcCSl35Oc-5QyjnYcUqw7mB4BYuZQj2LEaYoR8v9Vs9HjuRxvCdgH3dlzsDL56GObvqIl9cigKg8upuDStj5qyhmlOqEljul3RoppQD3Eum87ntYIVkIs-pwDlY2WrCVsawhAtFsu8-PWUHPV2LPDqaT8h15_Pr_Zf6stvF1_3ny5rJySfa6u4Vr3uuFCtbmjTaQ1eUuHaVkjrPHdaW6eVZx3FSXTUtR1461UjGKfSixPybvOdcvqxQJlNGIqDcbQR0lIM05QJeqYFR_TtP-hdWnLE7pDiUrdcMIEU26jDUEqG3kx5CPgvw6g5hGi2EA2GaA4hmoPmzZPz0gXwfxS_U0OAb0DBUryF_NfT_3X9BRgMq-Y</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1927952313</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Correlation between corneal innervation and inflammation evaluated with confocal microscopy and symptomatology in patients with dry eye syndromes: a preliminary study</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerLink Journals</source><creator>Tepelus, Tudor C. ; Chiu, Gloria B. ; Huang, Jianyan ; Huang, Ping ; Sadda, SriniVas R. ; Irvine, John ; Lee, Olivia L.</creator><creatorcontrib>Tepelus, Tudor C. ; Chiu, Gloria B. ; Huang, Jianyan ; Huang, Ping ; Sadda, SriniVas R. ; Irvine, John ; Lee, Olivia L.</creatorcontrib><description><![CDATA[Purpose
To evaluate corneal innervation and inflammatory cell infiltration using in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) and to correlate these findings with subjective symptoms of dry eye, as measured by the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) in patients with non-Sjögren’s (NSDE) and Sjögren’s syndrome dry eyes (SSDE).
Methods
Central corneal images were prospectively captured from 10 age-matched healthy control eyes, 24 eyes with clinically diagnosed NSDE and 44 eyes with clinically diagnosed SSDE, using IVCM (HRT III RCM). Density, tortuosity and reflectivity of corneal nerves, presence of inflammatory dendritic cells (DCs) and OSDI scores were evaluated.
Results
Images obtained by IVCM from 78 eyes were analyzed. The density of nerve fibers was 1562 ± 996 μm/frame in the SSDE group, 2150 ± 1015 μm/frame in the NSDE group and 2725 ± 687 μm/frame in the control group (
P
< 0.05, ANOVA). In comparison to the control group, the density of nerve fibers was decreased in the SSDE (
P
< 0.001) and the NSDE groups (
P
= 0.06), with increased nerve tortuosity and decreased reflectivity in both groups (both
P
< 0.05). The density of DCs was 71.65 ± 72.54 cells/mm
2
in the SSDE group, 40.33 ± 31.63 cells/mm
2
in the NSDE group and 27.53 ± 5.58 cells/mm
2
in the control group (
P
< 0.05, ANOVA). In comparison to the control group, the density of DCs was increased in the SSDE (
P
< 0.001) and the NSDE groups (
P
= 0.07). Significant correlations were found between the nerve density and DC density (
r
= −0.57,
P
< 0.001), between the nerve density and OSDI scores (
r
= −0.91,
P
< 0.001) and between the nerve reflectivity and OSDI scores (
r
= −0.75,
P
< 0.001).
Conclusions
The corneas of eyes affected with NSDE and SSDE are characterized by alterations in corneal innervation and infiltration of inflammatory DCs. Corneal nerve density and reflectivity are correlated with severity of subjective dry eye symptoms, as measured by OSDI score.]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 0721-832X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1435-702X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00417-017-3680-3</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28528377</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Cell Count ; Confocal microscopy ; Cornea ; Cornea - innervation ; Cornea - physiopathology ; Dendritic cells ; Dry Eye Syndromes - diagnosis ; Dry Eye Syndromes - etiology ; Dry Eye Syndromes - physiopathology ; Eye ; Female ; Fibers ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Inflammation - metabolism ; Inflammation - pathology ; Innervation ; Male ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Microscopy ; Microscopy, Confocal - methods ; Middle Aged ; Nerve Fibers - pathology ; Nerves ; Ophthalmic Nerve - metabolism ; Ophthalmic Nerve - pathology ; Ophthalmic Nerve - physiopathology ; Ophthalmology ; Prospective Studies ; Sensation - physiology ; Sjogren's syndrome ; Sjogren's Syndrome - complications ; Sjogren's Syndrome - diagnosis ; Sjogren's Syndrome - metabolism ; Tears - metabolism</subject><ispartof>Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology, 2017-09, Vol.255 (9), p.1771-1778</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2017</rights><rights>Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology is a copyright of Springer, 2017.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c372t-a8298f9b23859404b99ed703c5537acd2c99ac98d1b0351b0c5bedad8431207d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c372t-a8298f9b23859404b99ed703c5537acd2c99ac98d1b0351b0c5bedad8431207d3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00417-017-3680-3$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00417-017-3680-3$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28528377$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Tepelus, Tudor C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chiu, Gloria B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huang, Jianyan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huang, Ping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sadda, SriniVas R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Irvine, John</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Olivia L.</creatorcontrib><title>Correlation between corneal innervation and inflammation evaluated with confocal microscopy and symptomatology in patients with dry eye syndromes: a preliminary study</title><title>Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology</title><addtitle>Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol</addtitle><addtitle>Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol</addtitle><description><![CDATA[Purpose
To evaluate corneal innervation and inflammatory cell infiltration using in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) and to correlate these findings with subjective symptoms of dry eye, as measured by the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) in patients with non-Sjögren’s (NSDE) and Sjögren’s syndrome dry eyes (SSDE).
Methods
Central corneal images were prospectively captured from 10 age-matched healthy control eyes, 24 eyes with clinically diagnosed NSDE and 44 eyes with clinically diagnosed SSDE, using IVCM (HRT III RCM). Density, tortuosity and reflectivity of corneal nerves, presence of inflammatory dendritic cells (DCs) and OSDI scores were evaluated.
Results
Images obtained by IVCM from 78 eyes were analyzed. The density of nerve fibers was 1562 ± 996 μm/frame in the SSDE group, 2150 ± 1015 μm/frame in the NSDE group and 2725 ± 687 μm/frame in the control group (
P
< 0.05, ANOVA). In comparison to the control group, the density of nerve fibers was decreased in the SSDE (
P
< 0.001) and the NSDE groups (
P
= 0.06), with increased nerve tortuosity and decreased reflectivity in both groups (both
P
< 0.05). The density of DCs was 71.65 ± 72.54 cells/mm
2
in the SSDE group, 40.33 ± 31.63 cells/mm
2
in the NSDE group and 27.53 ± 5.58 cells/mm
2
in the control group (
P
< 0.05, ANOVA). In comparison to the control group, the density of DCs was increased in the SSDE (
P
< 0.001) and the NSDE groups (
P
= 0.07). Significant correlations were found between the nerve density and DC density (
r
= −0.57,
P
< 0.001), between the nerve density and OSDI scores (
r
= −0.91,
P
< 0.001) and between the nerve reflectivity and OSDI scores (
r
= −0.75,
P
< 0.001).
Conclusions
The corneas of eyes affected with NSDE and SSDE are characterized by alterations in corneal innervation and infiltration of inflammatory DCs. Corneal nerve density and reflectivity are correlated with severity of subjective dry eye symptoms, as measured by OSDI score.]]></description><subject>Cell Count</subject><subject>Confocal microscopy</subject><subject>Cornea</subject><subject>Cornea - innervation</subject><subject>Cornea - physiopathology</subject><subject>Dendritic cells</subject><subject>Dry Eye Syndromes - diagnosis</subject><subject>Dry Eye Syndromes - etiology</subject><subject>Dry Eye Syndromes - physiopathology</subject><subject>Eye</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fibers</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Inflammation</subject><subject>Inflammation - metabolism</subject><subject>Inflammation - pathology</subject><subject>Innervation</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Microscopy</subject><subject>Microscopy, Confocal - methods</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Nerve Fibers - pathology</subject><subject>Nerves</subject><subject>Ophthalmic Nerve - metabolism</subject><subject>Ophthalmic Nerve - pathology</subject><subject>Ophthalmic Nerve - physiopathology</subject><subject>Ophthalmology</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Sensation - physiology</subject><subject>Sjogren's syndrome</subject><subject>Sjogren's Syndrome - complications</subject><subject>Sjogren's Syndrome - diagnosis</subject><subject>Sjogren's Syndrome - metabolism</subject><subject>Tears - metabolism</subject><issn>0721-832X</issn><issn>1435-702X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kc1u1TAQhS1ERS8tD8AGRWLDJuCfpLbZoatSkCqxaaXuLMeelFSxHeykVV6I52RuUxBCYmFZ9nzneDyHkNeMvmeUyg-F0obJmuISZ4rW4hnZsUa0taT85jnZUclZrQS_OSYvS7mjiIuWvSDHXLVcCSl35Oc-5QyjnYcUqw7mB4BYuZQj2LEaYoR8v9Vs9HjuRxvCdgH3dlzsDL56GObvqIl9cigKg8upuDStj5qyhmlOqEljul3RoppQD3Eum87ntYIVkIs-pwDlY2WrCVsawhAtFsu8-PWUHPV2LPDqaT8h15_Pr_Zf6stvF1_3ny5rJySfa6u4Vr3uuFCtbmjTaQ1eUuHaVkjrPHdaW6eVZx3FSXTUtR1461UjGKfSixPybvOdcvqxQJlNGIqDcbQR0lIM05QJeqYFR_TtP-hdWnLE7pDiUrdcMIEU26jDUEqG3kx5CPgvw6g5hGi2EA2GaA4hmoPmzZPz0gXwfxS_U0OAb0DBUryF_NfT_3X9BRgMq-Y</recordid><startdate>20170901</startdate><enddate>20170901</enddate><creator>Tepelus, Tudor C.</creator><creator>Chiu, Gloria B.</creator><creator>Huang, Jianyan</creator><creator>Huang, Ping</creator><creator>Sadda, SriniVas R.</creator><creator>Irvine, John</creator><creator>Lee, Olivia L.</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PHGZM</scope><scope>PHGZT</scope><scope>PJZUB</scope><scope>PKEHL</scope><scope>PPXIY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20170901</creationdate><title>Correlation between corneal innervation and inflammation evaluated with confocal microscopy and symptomatology in patients with dry eye syndromes: a preliminary study</title><author>Tepelus, Tudor C. ; Chiu, Gloria B. ; Huang, Jianyan ; Huang, Ping ; Sadda, SriniVas R. ; Irvine, John ; Lee, Olivia L.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c372t-a8298f9b23859404b99ed703c5537acd2c99ac98d1b0351b0c5bedad8431207d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Cell Count</topic><topic>Confocal microscopy</topic><topic>Cornea</topic><topic>Cornea - innervation</topic><topic>Cornea - physiopathology</topic><topic>Dendritic cells</topic><topic>Dry Eye Syndromes - diagnosis</topic><topic>Dry Eye Syndromes - etiology</topic><topic>Dry Eye Syndromes - physiopathology</topic><topic>Eye</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fibers</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Inflammation</topic><topic>Inflammation - metabolism</topic><topic>Inflammation - pathology</topic><topic>Innervation</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Microscopy</topic><topic>Microscopy, Confocal - methods</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Nerve Fibers - pathology</topic><topic>Nerves</topic><topic>Ophthalmic Nerve - metabolism</topic><topic>Ophthalmic Nerve - pathology</topic><topic>Ophthalmic Nerve - physiopathology</topic><topic>Ophthalmology</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Sensation - physiology</topic><topic>Sjogren's syndrome</topic><topic>Sjogren's Syndrome - complications</topic><topic>Sjogren's Syndrome - diagnosis</topic><topic>Sjogren's Syndrome - metabolism</topic><topic>Tears - metabolism</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Tepelus, Tudor C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chiu, Gloria B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huang, Jianyan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huang, Ping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sadda, SriniVas R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Irvine, John</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Olivia L.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (New)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic (New)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Health & Nursing</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Tepelus, Tudor C.</au><au>Chiu, Gloria B.</au><au>Huang, Jianyan</au><au>Huang, Ping</au><au>Sadda, SriniVas R.</au><au>Irvine, John</au><au>Lee, Olivia L.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Correlation between corneal innervation and inflammation evaluated with confocal microscopy and symptomatology in patients with dry eye syndromes: a preliminary study</atitle><jtitle>Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology</jtitle><stitle>Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol</stitle><addtitle>Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol</addtitle><date>2017-09-01</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>255</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>1771</spage><epage>1778</epage><pages>1771-1778</pages><issn>0721-832X</issn><eissn>1435-702X</eissn><abstract><![CDATA[Purpose
To evaluate corneal innervation and inflammatory cell infiltration using in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) and to correlate these findings with subjective symptoms of dry eye, as measured by the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) in patients with non-Sjögren’s (NSDE) and Sjögren’s syndrome dry eyes (SSDE).
Methods
Central corneal images were prospectively captured from 10 age-matched healthy control eyes, 24 eyes with clinically diagnosed NSDE and 44 eyes with clinically diagnosed SSDE, using IVCM (HRT III RCM). Density, tortuosity and reflectivity of corneal nerves, presence of inflammatory dendritic cells (DCs) and OSDI scores were evaluated.
Results
Images obtained by IVCM from 78 eyes were analyzed. The density of nerve fibers was 1562 ± 996 μm/frame in the SSDE group, 2150 ± 1015 μm/frame in the NSDE group and 2725 ± 687 μm/frame in the control group (
P
< 0.05, ANOVA). In comparison to the control group, the density of nerve fibers was decreased in the SSDE (
P
< 0.001) and the NSDE groups (
P
= 0.06), with increased nerve tortuosity and decreased reflectivity in both groups (both
P
< 0.05). The density of DCs was 71.65 ± 72.54 cells/mm
2
in the SSDE group, 40.33 ± 31.63 cells/mm
2
in the NSDE group and 27.53 ± 5.58 cells/mm
2
in the control group (
P
< 0.05, ANOVA). In comparison to the control group, the density of DCs was increased in the SSDE (
P
< 0.001) and the NSDE groups (
P
= 0.07). Significant correlations were found between the nerve density and DC density (
r
= −0.57,
P
< 0.001), between the nerve density and OSDI scores (
r
= −0.91,
P
< 0.001) and between the nerve reflectivity and OSDI scores (
r
= −0.75,
P
< 0.001).
Conclusions
The corneas of eyes affected with NSDE and SSDE are characterized by alterations in corneal innervation and infiltration of inflammatory DCs. Corneal nerve density and reflectivity are correlated with severity of subjective dry eye symptoms, as measured by OSDI score.]]></abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>28528377</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00417-017-3680-3</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0721-832X |
| ispartof | Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology, 2017-09, Vol.255 (9), p.1771-1778 |
| issn | 0721-832X 1435-702X |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1901306932 |
| source | MEDLINE; SpringerLink Journals |
| subjects | Cell Count Confocal microscopy Cornea Cornea - innervation Cornea - physiopathology Dendritic cells Dry Eye Syndromes - diagnosis Dry Eye Syndromes - etiology Dry Eye Syndromes - physiopathology Eye Female Fibers Humans Inflammation Inflammation - metabolism Inflammation - pathology Innervation Male Medicine Medicine & Public Health Microscopy Microscopy, Confocal - methods Middle Aged Nerve Fibers - pathology Nerves Ophthalmic Nerve - metabolism Ophthalmic Nerve - pathology Ophthalmic Nerve - physiopathology Ophthalmology Prospective Studies Sensation - physiology Sjogren's syndrome Sjogren's Syndrome - complications Sjogren's Syndrome - diagnosis Sjogren's Syndrome - metabolism Tears - metabolism |
| title | Correlation between corneal innervation and inflammation evaluated with confocal microscopy and symptomatology in patients with dry eye syndromes: a preliminary study |
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