The efficacy of Labetalol versus Nitroglycerin for induction of controlled hypotension during sinus endoscopic surgery. A prospective, double-blind and randomized study
To assess the efficacy of labetalol versus nitroglycerin for induction of controlled hypotension during sinus endoscopic surgery. A prospective, double-blind and randomized study. Carried out in operating room in university hospital. 60 patients of both sexes, American Society of Anesthesiologists (...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of clinical anesthesia 2017-06, Vol.39, p.154-158 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 158 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | |
| container_start_page | 154 |
| container_title | Journal of clinical anesthesia |
| container_volume | 39 |
| creator | EL-Shmaa, Nagat S. Ezz, Hoda Alsaid Ahmed Younes, Ahmed |
| description | To assess the efficacy of labetalol versus nitroglycerin for induction of controlled hypotension during sinus endoscopic surgery.
A prospective, double-blind and randomized study.
Carried out in operating room in university hospital.
60 patients of both sexes, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I and II, age range from 20 to 60years; scheduled for elective sinus endoscopic surgery under general anesthesia (GA).
Patients were divided into two groups (30 each). NTG group received nitroglycerin infusion at a dose of 2–5μg/kg/min, LAB group received labetalol infusion at a dose of 0.5–2mg/min.
Surgical condition was assessed by surgeon using average category scale (ACS) of 0–5, a value of 2–3 being ideal. In both groups mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) was gradually reduced till the ideal ACS for assessment of surgical condition, the target of ACS was 2–3 or lower.
Both studied drugs achieved desired hypotension and improved visualization of surgical field by decreasing bleeding in the surgical site, but ideal surgical conditions were created at mild hypotension (MAP 70–75) in LAB group while same conditions were created at MAP of 65–69mmHg in NTG group. Mean heart rate (HR) was significantly higher in NTG group as compared to LAB group. Blood loss decreased significantly in LAB group.
Both labetalol and NTG are effective and safe drugs for induction of controlled hypotension during sinus endoscopic surgery. While, labetalol was better as it offered optimum operative condition with mild decrease in blood pressure, decreased surgical bleeding and less tachycardia during the surgery.
•Induced hypotensive is controlled lowering of blood pressure with maintaining perfusion to the vital organs•Labetalol and NTG are effective and safe drugs for induction of hypotension•Labetalol was better as it provided optimum surgical condition with mild reduction in blood pressure |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jclinane.2017.03.003 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1899109647</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>S0952818016303208</els_id><sourcerecordid>1899109647</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c326t-509e564bb6164b9a83be81f029be07859e58043b673ec19a9120b7140bdfb0d93</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFkc9u1DAQxiMEokvhFSpLXDiQMM5f-0ZVFYq0gks5W7E92XqVtRc7WSl9Ih6TibblwIWDx4fv588z82XZFYeCA28_7Yu9GZ3vPRYl8K6AqgCoXmQbLroqr5tSvsw2IJsyF1zARfYmpT0AkMBfZxelqGUtZLPJft8_IMNhcKY3CwsD2_Yap34MIzthTHNi390Uw25cDEbn2RAic97OZnLBr7wJnvRxRMselmOY0KdVsTPRO5acJwv0NiQTjs6wNMcdxqVg1-wYQzoiGZ3wI7Nh1iPmmmayrKcTqYSDeyTfNM12eZu9Gvox4bun-zL7-eX2_uYu3_74-u3mepubqmynvAGJTVtr3XKqsheVRsEHKKVG6ERDqoC60m1XoeGyl7wE3fEatB00WFldZh_OvtTerxnTpA4uGRxHWnWYk-JCSg6yrTtC3_-D7sMcPXW3UgI6Tj0Q1Z4pQ_OmiIM6Rnfo46I4qDVLtVfPWao1SwWVoizp4dWT_awPaP8-ew6PgM9nAGkfJ4dRJePQG7Qu0l6VDe5_f_wBHfy25w</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1898071164</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>The efficacy of Labetalol versus Nitroglycerin for induction of controlled hypotension during sinus endoscopic surgery. A prospective, double-blind and randomized study</title><source>Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals Complete - AutoHoldings</source><source>MEDLINE</source><source>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</source><creator>EL-Shmaa, Nagat S. ; Ezz, Hoda Alsaid Ahmed ; Younes, Ahmed</creator><creatorcontrib>EL-Shmaa, Nagat S. ; Ezz, Hoda Alsaid Ahmed ; Younes, Ahmed</creatorcontrib><description>To assess the efficacy of labetalol versus nitroglycerin for induction of controlled hypotension during sinus endoscopic surgery.
A prospective, double-blind and randomized study.
Carried out in operating room in university hospital.
60 patients of both sexes, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I and II, age range from 20 to 60years; scheduled for elective sinus endoscopic surgery under general anesthesia (GA).
Patients were divided into two groups (30 each). NTG group received nitroglycerin infusion at a dose of 2–5μg/kg/min, LAB group received labetalol infusion at a dose of 0.5–2mg/min.
Surgical condition was assessed by surgeon using average category scale (ACS) of 0–5, a value of 2–3 being ideal. In both groups mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) was gradually reduced till the ideal ACS for assessment of surgical condition, the target of ACS was 2–3 or lower.
Both studied drugs achieved desired hypotension and improved visualization of surgical field by decreasing bleeding in the surgical site, but ideal surgical conditions were created at mild hypotension (MAP 70–75) in LAB group while same conditions were created at MAP of 65–69mmHg in NTG group. Mean heart rate (HR) was significantly higher in NTG group as compared to LAB group. Blood loss decreased significantly in LAB group.
Both labetalol and NTG are effective and safe drugs for induction of controlled hypotension during sinus endoscopic surgery. While, labetalol was better as it offered optimum operative condition with mild decrease in blood pressure, decreased surgical bleeding and less tachycardia during the surgery.
•Induced hypotensive is controlled lowering of blood pressure with maintaining perfusion to the vital organs•Labetalol and NTG are effective and safe drugs for induction of hypotension•Labetalol was better as it provided optimum surgical condition with mild reduction in blood pressure</description><identifier>ISSN: 0952-8180</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-4529</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2017.03.003</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28494895</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Adult ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General - methods ; Antihypertensive Agents - administration & dosage ; Antihypertensive Agents - adverse effects ; Blood Loss, Surgical - prevention & control ; Blood pressure ; Blood Pressure - drug effects ; Cardiac arrhythmia ; Controlled hypotension ; Double-Blind Method ; Double-blind studies ; Drugs ; Endoscopy ; Endoscopy - methods ; Female ; Heart Rate - drug effects ; Humans ; Hypotension, Controlled - methods ; Intubation ; Labetalol ; Labetalol - administration & dosage ; Labetalol - adverse effects ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nitroglycerin ; Nitroglycerin - administration & dosage ; Nitroglycerin - adverse effects ; Nose ; Paranasal Sinuses - surgery ; Prospective Studies ; Sinus endoscopic surgery ; Sinuses ; Surgeons ; Surgery ; Surgical outcomes ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Journal of clinical anesthesia, 2017-06, Vol.39, p.154-158</ispartof><rights>2017 Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier Limited Jun 2017</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c326t-509e564bb6164b9a83be81f029be07859e58043b673ec19a9120b7140bdfb0d93</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c326t-509e564bb6164b9a83be81f029be07859e58043b673ec19a9120b7140bdfb0d93</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/1898071164?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,778,782,3539,27907,27908,45978,64366,64368,64370,72220</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28494895$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>EL-Shmaa, Nagat S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ezz, Hoda Alsaid Ahmed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Younes, Ahmed</creatorcontrib><title>The efficacy of Labetalol versus Nitroglycerin for induction of controlled hypotension during sinus endoscopic surgery. A prospective, double-blind and randomized study</title><title>Journal of clinical anesthesia</title><addtitle>J Clin Anesth</addtitle><description>To assess the efficacy of labetalol versus nitroglycerin for induction of controlled hypotension during sinus endoscopic surgery.
A prospective, double-blind and randomized study.
Carried out in operating room in university hospital.
60 patients of both sexes, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I and II, age range from 20 to 60years; scheduled for elective sinus endoscopic surgery under general anesthesia (GA).
Patients were divided into two groups (30 each). NTG group received nitroglycerin infusion at a dose of 2–5μg/kg/min, LAB group received labetalol infusion at a dose of 0.5–2mg/min.
Surgical condition was assessed by surgeon using average category scale (ACS) of 0–5, a value of 2–3 being ideal. In both groups mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) was gradually reduced till the ideal ACS for assessment of surgical condition, the target of ACS was 2–3 or lower.
Both studied drugs achieved desired hypotension and improved visualization of surgical field by decreasing bleeding in the surgical site, but ideal surgical conditions were created at mild hypotension (MAP 70–75) in LAB group while same conditions were created at MAP of 65–69mmHg in NTG group. Mean heart rate (HR) was significantly higher in NTG group as compared to LAB group. Blood loss decreased significantly in LAB group.
Both labetalol and NTG are effective and safe drugs for induction of controlled hypotension during sinus endoscopic surgery. While, labetalol was better as it offered optimum operative condition with mild decrease in blood pressure, decreased surgical bleeding and less tachycardia during the surgery.
•Induced hypotensive is controlled lowering of blood pressure with maintaining perfusion to the vital organs•Labetalol and NTG are effective and safe drugs for induction of hypotension•Labetalol was better as it provided optimum surgical condition with mild reduction in blood pressure</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Anesthesia</subject><subject>Anesthesia, General - methods</subject><subject>Antihypertensive Agents - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Antihypertensive Agents - adverse effects</subject><subject>Blood Loss, Surgical - prevention & control</subject><subject>Blood pressure</subject><subject>Blood Pressure - drug effects</subject><subject>Cardiac arrhythmia</subject><subject>Controlled hypotension</subject><subject>Double-Blind Method</subject><subject>Double-blind studies</subject><subject>Drugs</subject><subject>Endoscopy</subject><subject>Endoscopy - methods</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Heart Rate - drug effects</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hypotension, Controlled - methods</subject><subject>Intubation</subject><subject>Labetalol</subject><subject>Labetalol - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Labetalol - adverse effects</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Nitroglycerin</subject><subject>Nitroglycerin - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Nitroglycerin - adverse effects</subject><subject>Nose</subject><subject>Paranasal Sinuses - surgery</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Sinus endoscopic surgery</subject><subject>Sinuses</subject><subject>Surgeons</subject><subject>Surgery</subject><subject>Surgical outcomes</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0952-8180</issn><issn>1873-4529</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkc9u1DAQxiMEokvhFSpLXDiQMM5f-0ZVFYq0gks5W7E92XqVtRc7WSl9Ih6TibblwIWDx4fv588z82XZFYeCA28_7Yu9GZ3vPRYl8K6AqgCoXmQbLroqr5tSvsw2IJsyF1zARfYmpT0AkMBfZxelqGUtZLPJft8_IMNhcKY3CwsD2_Yap34MIzthTHNi390Uw25cDEbn2RAic97OZnLBr7wJnvRxRMselmOY0KdVsTPRO5acJwv0NiQTjs6wNMcdxqVg1-wYQzoiGZ3wI7Nh1iPmmmayrKcTqYSDeyTfNM12eZu9Gvox4bun-zL7-eX2_uYu3_74-u3mepubqmynvAGJTVtr3XKqsheVRsEHKKVG6ERDqoC60m1XoeGyl7wE3fEatB00WFldZh_OvtTerxnTpA4uGRxHWnWYk-JCSg6yrTtC3_-D7sMcPXW3UgI6Tj0Q1Z4pQ_OmiIM6Rnfo46I4qDVLtVfPWao1SwWVoizp4dWT_awPaP8-ew6PgM9nAGkfJ4dRJePQG7Qu0l6VDe5_f_wBHfy25w</recordid><startdate>201706</startdate><enddate>201706</enddate><creator>EL-Shmaa, Nagat S.</creator><creator>Ezz, Hoda Alsaid Ahmed</creator><creator>Younes, Ahmed</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier Limited</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201706</creationdate><title>The efficacy of Labetalol versus Nitroglycerin for induction of controlled hypotension during sinus endoscopic surgery. A prospective, double-blind and randomized study</title><author>EL-Shmaa, Nagat S. ; Ezz, Hoda Alsaid Ahmed ; Younes, Ahmed</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c326t-509e564bb6164b9a83be81f029be07859e58043b673ec19a9120b7140bdfb0d93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Anesthesia</topic><topic>Anesthesia, General - methods</topic><topic>Antihypertensive Agents - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Antihypertensive Agents - adverse effects</topic><topic>Blood Loss, Surgical - prevention & control</topic><topic>Blood pressure</topic><topic>Blood Pressure - drug effects</topic><topic>Cardiac arrhythmia</topic><topic>Controlled hypotension</topic><topic>Double-Blind Method</topic><topic>Double-blind studies</topic><topic>Drugs</topic><topic>Endoscopy</topic><topic>Endoscopy - methods</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Heart Rate - drug effects</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hypotension, Controlled - methods</topic><topic>Intubation</topic><topic>Labetalol</topic><topic>Labetalol - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Labetalol - adverse effects</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Nitroglycerin</topic><topic>Nitroglycerin - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Nitroglycerin - adverse effects</topic><topic>Nose</topic><topic>Paranasal Sinuses - surgery</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Sinus endoscopic surgery</topic><topic>Sinuses</topic><topic>Surgeons</topic><topic>Surgery</topic><topic>Surgical outcomes</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>EL-Shmaa, Nagat S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ezz, Hoda Alsaid Ahmed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Younes, Ahmed</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of clinical anesthesia</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>EL-Shmaa, Nagat S.</au><au>Ezz, Hoda Alsaid Ahmed</au><au>Younes, Ahmed</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The efficacy of Labetalol versus Nitroglycerin for induction of controlled hypotension during sinus endoscopic surgery. A prospective, double-blind and randomized study</atitle><jtitle>Journal of clinical anesthesia</jtitle><addtitle>J Clin Anesth</addtitle><date>2017-06</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>39</volume><spage>154</spage><epage>158</epage><pages>154-158</pages><issn>0952-8180</issn><eissn>1873-4529</eissn><abstract>To assess the efficacy of labetalol versus nitroglycerin for induction of controlled hypotension during sinus endoscopic surgery.
A prospective, double-blind and randomized study.
Carried out in operating room in university hospital.
60 patients of both sexes, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I and II, age range from 20 to 60years; scheduled for elective sinus endoscopic surgery under general anesthesia (GA).
Patients were divided into two groups (30 each). NTG group received nitroglycerin infusion at a dose of 2–5μg/kg/min, LAB group received labetalol infusion at a dose of 0.5–2mg/min.
Surgical condition was assessed by surgeon using average category scale (ACS) of 0–5, a value of 2–3 being ideal. In both groups mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) was gradually reduced till the ideal ACS for assessment of surgical condition, the target of ACS was 2–3 or lower.
Both studied drugs achieved desired hypotension and improved visualization of surgical field by decreasing bleeding in the surgical site, but ideal surgical conditions were created at mild hypotension (MAP 70–75) in LAB group while same conditions were created at MAP of 65–69mmHg in NTG group. Mean heart rate (HR) was significantly higher in NTG group as compared to LAB group. Blood loss decreased significantly in LAB group.
Both labetalol and NTG are effective and safe drugs for induction of controlled hypotension during sinus endoscopic surgery. While, labetalol was better as it offered optimum operative condition with mild decrease in blood pressure, decreased surgical bleeding and less tachycardia during the surgery.
•Induced hypotensive is controlled lowering of blood pressure with maintaining perfusion to the vital organs•Labetalol and NTG are effective and safe drugs for induction of hypotension•Labetalol was better as it provided optimum surgical condition with mild reduction in blood pressure</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>28494895</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.jclinane.2017.03.003</doi><tpages>5</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0952-8180 |
| ispartof | Journal of clinical anesthesia, 2017-06, Vol.39, p.154-158 |
| issn | 0952-8180 1873-4529 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1899109647 |
| source | Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals Complete - AutoHoldings; MEDLINE; ProQuest Central UK/Ireland |
| subjects | Adult Anesthesia Anesthesia, General - methods Antihypertensive Agents - administration & dosage Antihypertensive Agents - adverse effects Blood Loss, Surgical - prevention & control Blood pressure Blood Pressure - drug effects Cardiac arrhythmia Controlled hypotension Double-Blind Method Double-blind studies Drugs Endoscopy Endoscopy - methods Female Heart Rate - drug effects Humans Hypotension, Controlled - methods Intubation Labetalol Labetalol - administration & dosage Labetalol - adverse effects Male Middle Aged Nitroglycerin Nitroglycerin - administration & dosage Nitroglycerin - adverse effects Nose Paranasal Sinuses - surgery Prospective Studies Sinus endoscopic surgery Sinuses Surgeons Surgery Surgical outcomes Young Adult |
| title | The efficacy of Labetalol versus Nitroglycerin for induction of controlled hypotension during sinus endoscopic surgery. A prospective, double-blind and randomized study |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-16T12%3A42%3A14IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The%20efficacy%20of%20Labetalol%20versus%20Nitroglycerin%20for%20induction%20of%20controlled%20hypotension%20during%20sinus%20endoscopic%20surgery.%20A%20prospective,%20double-blind%20and%20randomized%20study&rft.jtitle=Journal%20of%20clinical%20anesthesia&rft.au=EL-Shmaa,%20Nagat%20S.&rft.date=2017-06&rft.volume=39&rft.spage=154&rft.epage=158&rft.pages=154-158&rft.issn=0952-8180&rft.eissn=1873-4529&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/j.jclinane.2017.03.003&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E1899109647%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1898071164&rft_id=info:pmid/28494895&rft_els_id=S0952818016303208&rfr_iscdi=true |