Reclaimed municipal wastewater for forage production
This study aims to evaluate the possibility of using reclaimed municipal wastewater for agricultural purpose. We assessed the validity of municipal wastewater treatment, analyzing its chemical characteristics before and after the biological stabilization by pond treatment (WSP). The reclaimed munici...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Water science and technology 2017-04, Vol.75 (7-8), p.1784-1793 |
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creator | Ines, Ben Said Imed, Mezghani Frikha, Donyez Mohamed, Chaieb Adele, Muscolo |
description | This study aims to evaluate the possibility of using reclaimed municipal wastewater for agricultural purpose. We assessed the validity of municipal wastewater treatment, analyzing its chemical characteristics before and after the biological stabilization by pond treatment (WSP). The reclaimed municipal treated wastewater (TWW) was used to irrigate Cenchrus ciliaris. Experiments were carried out in greenhouse, from July 2013 to July 2014, comparing the effects of TWW with the water normally used for irrigation (tap water, TW) on the growth and flowering parameters of C. ciliaris. During this study, total coliforms, fecal coliforms, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella spp. were detected in TW, TWW, soils and plants under irrigation. Our results evidenced that TWW increased plant growth, producing taller plants with respect to TW. Total coliforms and fecal coliforms in TWW, TW, soils and plants were under the threshold recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Salmonella was never found in TW, TWW, or soil and plants irrigated with TWW. The absence of pathogens suggests that the pond treatment is an effective method to reclaim wastewater, lowering biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and pathogens. In this respect, TWW can be used as a valid alternative to freshwater for irrigation of fodder species. |
doi_str_mv | 10.2166/wst.2017.048 |
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We assessed the validity of municipal wastewater treatment, analyzing its chemical characteristics before and after the biological stabilization by pond treatment (WSP). The reclaimed municipal treated wastewater (TWW) was used to irrigate Cenchrus ciliaris. Experiments were carried out in greenhouse, from July 2013 to July 2014, comparing the effects of TWW with the water normally used for irrigation (tap water, TW) on the growth and flowering parameters of C. ciliaris. During this study, total coliforms, fecal coliforms, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella spp. were detected in TW, TWW, soils and plants under irrigation. Our results evidenced that TWW increased plant growth, producing taller plants with respect to TW. Total coliforms and fecal coliforms in TWW, TW, soils and plants were under the threshold recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Salmonella was never found in TW, TWW, or soil and plants irrigated with TWW. The absence of pathogens suggests that the pond treatment is an effective method to reclaim wastewater, lowering biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and pathogens. In this respect, TWW can be used as a valid alternative to freshwater for irrigation of fodder species.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0273-1223</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1996-9732</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.048</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28452770</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: IWA Publishing</publisher><subject>Agricultural Irrigation ; Agricultural production ; Agricultural wastes ; Air pollution ; Biochemical oxygen demand ; Biochemistry ; Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis ; Chemical oxygen demand ; Climate change ; Coliforms ; Crops ; Drinking water ; E coli ; Faecal coliforms ; Farm buildings ; Fecal coliforms ; Feces ; Flowering ; Fodder ; Food ; Forage ; Fresh Water - chemistry ; Freshwater ; Greenhouse effect ; Greenhouses ; Inland water environment ; Irrigation ; Irrigation water ; Laboratories ; Leaves ; Municipal wastewater ; Organizations ; Oxygen ; Oxygen demand ; Pathogens ; Plant Development ; Plant growth ; Plants (botany) ; Ponds ; Salmonella ; Soil ; Soil - chemistry ; Stabilization ; Total oxygen demand ; Waste Water - chemistry ; Wastewater ; Wastewater treatment ; Water reclamation</subject><ispartof>Water science and technology, 2017-04, Vol.75 (7-8), p.1784-1793</ispartof><rights>Copyright IWA Publishing Apr 2017</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c319t-1bbe80bd76901be86db8b72307d167970d28235f50086a1f916f6225839237e03</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c319t-1bbe80bd76901be86db8b72307d167970d28235f50086a1f916f6225839237e03</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28452770$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ines, Ben Said</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Imed, Mezghani</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Frikha, Donyez</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mohamed, Chaieb</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Adele, Muscolo</creatorcontrib><title>Reclaimed municipal wastewater for forage production</title><title>Water science and technology</title><addtitle>Water Sci Technol</addtitle><description>This study aims to evaluate the possibility of using reclaimed municipal wastewater for agricultural purpose. We assessed the validity of municipal wastewater treatment, analyzing its chemical characteristics before and after the biological stabilization by pond treatment (WSP). The reclaimed municipal treated wastewater (TWW) was used to irrigate Cenchrus ciliaris. Experiments were carried out in greenhouse, from July 2013 to July 2014, comparing the effects of TWW with the water normally used for irrigation (tap water, TW) on the growth and flowering parameters of C. ciliaris. During this study, total coliforms, fecal coliforms, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella spp. were detected in TW, TWW, soils and plants under irrigation. Our results evidenced that TWW increased plant growth, producing taller plants with respect to TW. Total coliforms and fecal coliforms in TWW, TW, soils and plants were under the threshold recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Salmonella was never found in TW, TWW, or soil and plants irrigated with TWW. The absence of pathogens suggests that the pond treatment is an effective method to reclaim wastewater, lowering biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and pathogens. In this respect, TWW can be used as a valid alternative to freshwater for irrigation of fodder species.</description><subject>Agricultural Irrigation</subject><subject>Agricultural production</subject><subject>Agricultural wastes</subject><subject>Air pollution</subject><subject>Biochemical oxygen demand</subject><subject>Biochemistry</subject><subject>Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis</subject><subject>Chemical oxygen demand</subject><subject>Climate change</subject><subject>Coliforms</subject><subject>Crops</subject><subject>Drinking water</subject><subject>E coli</subject><subject>Faecal coliforms</subject><subject>Farm buildings</subject><subject>Fecal coliforms</subject><subject>Feces</subject><subject>Flowering</subject><subject>Fodder</subject><subject>Food</subject><subject>Forage</subject><subject>Fresh Water - chemistry</subject><subject>Freshwater</subject><subject>Greenhouse effect</subject><subject>Greenhouses</subject><subject>Inland water environment</subject><subject>Irrigation</subject><subject>Irrigation water</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Leaves</subject><subject>Municipal wastewater</subject><subject>Organizations</subject><subject>Oxygen</subject><subject>Oxygen demand</subject><subject>Pathogens</subject><subject>Plant Development</subject><subject>Plant growth</subject><subject>Plants (botany)</subject><subject>Ponds</subject><subject>Salmonella</subject><subject>Soil</subject><subject>Soil - chemistry</subject><subject>Stabilization</subject><subject>Total oxygen demand</subject><subject>Waste Water - chemistry</subject><subject>Wastewater</subject><subject>Wastewater treatment</subject><subject>Water reclamation</subject><issn>0273-1223</issn><issn>1996-9732</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkE1Lw0AQhhdRbK3ePEvAiwdTZ2aT_ThK8QsKguh52SQbSclHzSYU_323tnrwMLxzeHhneBi7RJgTCnG38cOcAOUcEnXEpqi1iLXkdMymQJLHSMQn7Mz7FQBInsApm5BKUpISpix5c3ltq8YVUTO2VV6tbR1trB_cxg6uj8ruZ-yni9Z9V4z5UHXtOTspbe3dxSFn7OPx4X3xHC9fn14W98s456iHGLPMKcgKKTRgWEWRqUwSB1mgkFpCQYp4WqYASlgsNYpSEKWKa-LSAZ-xm31vOP01Oj-YpvK5q2vbum70BpXmaRLqeUCv_6Grbuzb8J1BTYhKpLCjbvdU3nfe9640675qbP9tEMzOpgk2zc6mCTYDfnUoHbNg6A_-1ce3WottoQ</recordid><startdate>20170401</startdate><enddate>20170401</enddate><creator>Ines, Ben Said</creator><creator>Imed, Mezghani</creator><creator>Frikha, Donyez</creator><creator>Mohamed, Chaieb</creator><creator>Adele, Muscolo</creator><general>IWA Publishing</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20170401</creationdate><title>Reclaimed municipal wastewater for forage production</title><author>Ines, Ben Said ; Imed, Mezghani ; Frikha, Donyez ; Mohamed, Chaieb ; Adele, Muscolo</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c319t-1bbe80bd76901be86db8b72307d167970d28235f50086a1f916f6225839237e03</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Agricultural Irrigation</topic><topic>Agricultural production</topic><topic>Agricultural wastes</topic><topic>Air pollution</topic><topic>Biochemical oxygen demand</topic><topic>Biochemistry</topic><topic>Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis</topic><topic>Chemical oxygen demand</topic><topic>Climate change</topic><topic>Coliforms</topic><topic>Crops</topic><topic>Drinking water</topic><topic>E coli</topic><topic>Faecal coliforms</topic><topic>Farm buildings</topic><topic>Fecal coliforms</topic><topic>Feces</topic><topic>Flowering</topic><topic>Fodder</topic><topic>Food</topic><topic>Forage</topic><topic>Fresh Water - 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Academic</collection><jtitle>Water science and technology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ines, Ben Said</au><au>Imed, Mezghani</au><au>Frikha, Donyez</au><au>Mohamed, Chaieb</au><au>Adele, Muscolo</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Reclaimed municipal wastewater for forage production</atitle><jtitle>Water science and technology</jtitle><addtitle>Water Sci Technol</addtitle><date>2017-04-01</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>75</volume><issue>7-8</issue><spage>1784</spage><epage>1793</epage><pages>1784-1793</pages><issn>0273-1223</issn><eissn>1996-9732</eissn><abstract>This study aims to evaluate the possibility of using reclaimed municipal wastewater for agricultural purpose. We assessed the validity of municipal wastewater treatment, analyzing its chemical characteristics before and after the biological stabilization by pond treatment (WSP). The reclaimed municipal treated wastewater (TWW) was used to irrigate Cenchrus ciliaris. Experiments were carried out in greenhouse, from July 2013 to July 2014, comparing the effects of TWW with the water normally used for irrigation (tap water, TW) on the growth and flowering parameters of C. ciliaris. During this study, total coliforms, fecal coliforms, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella spp. were detected in TW, TWW, soils and plants under irrigation. Our results evidenced that TWW increased plant growth, producing taller plants with respect to TW. Total coliforms and fecal coliforms in TWW, TW, soils and plants were under the threshold recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Salmonella was never found in TW, TWW, or soil and plants irrigated with TWW. The absence of pathogens suggests that the pond treatment is an effective method to reclaim wastewater, lowering biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and pathogens. In this respect, TWW can be used as a valid alternative to freshwater for irrigation of fodder species.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>IWA Publishing</pub><pmid>28452770</pmid><doi>10.2166/wst.2017.048</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Agricultural Irrigation Agricultural production Agricultural wastes Air pollution Biochemical oxygen demand Biochemistry Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis Chemical oxygen demand Climate change Coliforms Crops Drinking water E coli Faecal coliforms Farm buildings Fecal coliforms Feces Flowering Fodder Food Forage Fresh Water - chemistry Freshwater Greenhouse effect Greenhouses Inland water environment Irrigation Irrigation water Laboratories Leaves Municipal wastewater Organizations Oxygen Oxygen demand Pathogens Plant Development Plant growth Plants (botany) Ponds Salmonella Soil Soil - chemistry Stabilization Total oxygen demand Waste Water - chemistry Wastewater Wastewater treatment Water reclamation |
title | Reclaimed municipal wastewater for forage production |
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