Use of a Rat Model To Evaluate Tall Fescue Seed Infected with Introduced Strains of Neotyphodium coenophialum
Experimental cultivars of the pasture grass tall fescue are infected with unique strains of the fungal endophyte Neotyphodium coenophialum, which produce low concentrations of ergot alkaloids. A rat model was evaluated as a tool for rapid, initial screening of experimental cultivars considered to be...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2002-09, Vol.50 (20), p.5742-5745 |
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| container_title | Journal of agricultural and food chemistry |
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| creator | Roberts, C. A Spiers, D. E Karr, A. L Benedict, H. R Sleper, D. A Eichen, P. A West, C. P Piper, E. L Rottinghaus, G. E |
| description | Experimental cultivars of the pasture grass tall fescue are infected with unique strains of the fungal endophyte Neotyphodium coenophialum, which produce low concentrations of ergot alkaloids. A rat model was evaluated as a tool for rapid, initial screening of experimental cultivars considered to be nontoxic. Rats were fed diets that included seed from experimental cultivars of tall fescue with introduced strains of N. coenophialum and a toxic control diet containing seed of the cultivar Kentucky 31 (KY31), with its endemic strain of N. coenophialum. Rats were preconditioned to a nontoxic diet and then fed treatment diets for 13 days with 5 days at thermoneutrality (21 °C) followed by 8 days under heat stress (31 °C). For most of the 13-day treatment period, rats fed KY31 exhibited depressed daily intake compared to those fed diets of cultivars with introduced endophytes (P < 0.05). In addition, rats fed KY31 exhibited significantly less weight than rats on other diets after heat treatment was imposed. For all initial trials and repeated trials, total intake and total gain calculated at the end of each trial were the most consistent indicators of toxicity. Keywords: Tall fescue; Festuca arundinacea; tall fescue toxicosis; endophyte; Neotyphodium coenophialum |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1021/jf020336n |
| format | Article |
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A ; Spiers, D. E ; Karr, A. L ; Benedict, H. R ; Sleper, D. A ; Eichen, P. A ; West, C. P ; Piper, E. L ; Rottinghaus, G. E</creator><creatorcontrib>Roberts, C. A ; Spiers, D. E ; Karr, A. L ; Benedict, H. R ; Sleper, D. A ; Eichen, P. A ; West, C. P ; Piper, E. L ; Rottinghaus, G. E</creatorcontrib><description>Experimental cultivars of the pasture grass tall fescue are infected with unique strains of the fungal endophyte Neotyphodium coenophialum, which produce low concentrations of ergot alkaloids. A rat model was evaluated as a tool for rapid, initial screening of experimental cultivars considered to be nontoxic. Rats were fed diets that included seed from experimental cultivars of tall fescue with introduced strains of N. coenophialum and a toxic control diet containing seed of the cultivar Kentucky 31 (KY31), with its endemic strain of N. coenophialum. Rats were preconditioned to a nontoxic diet and then fed treatment diets for 13 days with 5 days at thermoneutrality (21 °C) followed by 8 days under heat stress (31 °C). For most of the 13-day treatment period, rats fed KY31 exhibited depressed daily intake compared to those fed diets of cultivars with introduced endophytes (P < 0.05). In addition, rats fed KY31 exhibited significantly less weight than rats on other diets after heat treatment was imposed. For all initial trials and repeated trials, total intake and total gain calculated at the end of each trial were the most consistent indicators of toxicity. Keywords: Tall fescue; Festuca arundinacea; tall fescue toxicosis; endophyte; Neotyphodium coenophialum</description><identifier>ISSN: 0021-8561</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1520-5118</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1021/jf020336n</identifier><identifier>PMID: 12236708</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JAFCAU</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: American Chemical Society</publisher><subject>Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions ; Animal Feed - toxicity ; Animals ; Ascomycota - metabolism ; Biological and medical sciences ; Body Weight ; Ergot Alkaloids - biosynthesis ; Ergot Alkaloids - toxicity ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Genetics and breeding of economic plants ; Male ; Poaceae - microbiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Seeds - microbiology ; Varietal selection. 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A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Spiers, D. E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Karr, A. L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Benedict, H. R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sleper, D. A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eichen, P. A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>West, C. P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Piper, E. L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rottinghaus, G. E</creatorcontrib><title>Use of a Rat Model To Evaluate Tall Fescue Seed Infected with Introduced Strains of Neotyphodium coenophialum</title><title>Journal of agricultural and food chemistry</title><addtitle>J. Agric. Food Chem</addtitle><description>Experimental cultivars of the pasture grass tall fescue are infected with unique strains of the fungal endophyte Neotyphodium coenophialum, which produce low concentrations of ergot alkaloids. A rat model was evaluated as a tool for rapid, initial screening of experimental cultivars considered to be nontoxic. Rats were fed diets that included seed from experimental cultivars of tall fescue with introduced strains of N. coenophialum and a toxic control diet containing seed of the cultivar Kentucky 31 (KY31), with its endemic strain of N. coenophialum. Rats were preconditioned to a nontoxic diet and then fed treatment diets for 13 days with 5 days at thermoneutrality (21 °C) followed by 8 days under heat stress (31 °C). For most of the 13-day treatment period, rats fed KY31 exhibited depressed daily intake compared to those fed diets of cultivars with introduced endophytes (P < 0.05). In addition, rats fed KY31 exhibited significantly less weight than rats on other diets after heat treatment was imposed. For all initial trials and repeated trials, total intake and total gain calculated at the end of each trial were the most consistent indicators of toxicity. Keywords: Tall fescue; Festuca arundinacea; tall fescue toxicosis; endophyte; Neotyphodium coenophialum</description><subject>Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions</subject><subject>Animal Feed - toxicity</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Ascomycota - metabolism</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Body Weight</subject><subject>Ergot Alkaloids - biosynthesis</subject><subject>Ergot Alkaloids - toxicity</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Genetics and breeding of economic plants</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Poaceae - microbiology</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</subject><subject>Seeds - microbiology</subject><subject>Varietal selection. 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E</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Use of a Rat Model To Evaluate Tall Fescue Seed Infected with Introduced Strains of Neotyphodium coenophialum</atitle><jtitle>Journal of agricultural and food chemistry</jtitle><addtitle>J. Agric. Food Chem</addtitle><date>2002-09-25</date><risdate>2002</risdate><volume>50</volume><issue>20</issue><spage>5742</spage><epage>5745</epage><pages>5742-5745</pages><issn>0021-8561</issn><eissn>1520-5118</eissn><coden>JAFCAU</coden><abstract>Experimental cultivars of the pasture grass tall fescue are infected with unique strains of the fungal endophyte Neotyphodium coenophialum, which produce low concentrations of ergot alkaloids. A rat model was evaluated as a tool for rapid, initial screening of experimental cultivars considered to be nontoxic. Rats were fed diets that included seed from experimental cultivars of tall fescue with introduced strains of N. coenophialum and a toxic control diet containing seed of the cultivar Kentucky 31 (KY31), with its endemic strain of N. coenophialum. Rats were preconditioned to a nontoxic diet and then fed treatment diets for 13 days with 5 days at thermoneutrality (21 °C) followed by 8 days under heat stress (31 °C). For most of the 13-day treatment period, rats fed KY31 exhibited depressed daily intake compared to those fed diets of cultivars with introduced endophytes (P < 0.05). In addition, rats fed KY31 exhibited significantly less weight than rats on other diets after heat treatment was imposed. For all initial trials and repeated trials, total intake and total gain calculated at the end of each trial were the most consistent indicators of toxicity. Keywords: Tall fescue; Festuca arundinacea; tall fescue toxicosis; endophyte; Neotyphodium coenophialum</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>American Chemical Society</pub><pmid>12236708</pmid><doi>10.1021/jf020336n</doi><tpages>4</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2002-09, Vol.50 (20), p.5742-5745 |
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| source | ACS Publications; MEDLINE |
| subjects | Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions Animal Feed - toxicity Animals Ascomycota - metabolism Biological and medical sciences Body Weight Ergot Alkaloids - biosynthesis Ergot Alkaloids - toxicity Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Genetics and breeding of economic plants Male Poaceae - microbiology Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Seeds - microbiology Varietal selection. Specialized plant breeding, plant breeding aims Yield, quality, earliness, varia |
| title | Use of a Rat Model To Evaluate Tall Fescue Seed Infected with Introduced Strains of Neotyphodium coenophialum |
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