Extraction simple de metaux lourds des sols aux alentours de l'usine de traitement de phosphate de Kpeme/Simple extraction of heavy metals in soils around the phosphate processing plant of Kpeme

The phosphate mining at Kpeme in Togo contributes greatly to the economy of the country. However, this mining has some consequences on the environment. This work aims to evaluate the content of heavy metals and bioavailability of these metals in soils around the phosphate processing plant of Kpeme. Simple extraction technique, are used to evaluate the bioavailability of metals. Four extracting agents such as the EDTA, the CH3COONH4, the HCl and CaCl2, the 2H2O were used to perform simple extraction of metals. The results showed that EDTA is the most aggressive extracting agent. Indeed, the extractability to EDTA allowed to highlight the potentially bioavailable fraction that is 2.03% for Pb, 27.91% for Cd, 10.42% for Cu and 20.11 % for Zn for the site of Aglome II and for the site Kpeme, 20.45% for Pb, 10.52% for Cu and 28.52% for Zn. In the end, this potentially bioavailable fraction can result in risks for the development of plants or even the health of human beings and animals.