Fruit and vegetable intake and vitamin C transporter gene (SLC23A2) polymorphisms in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
Purpose There is currently no convincing epidemiological evidence that fruit and vegetable consumption, the primary source of vitamin C, plays a role in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) aetiology. We hypothesized that variations in vitamin C dietary intake as well as in genetic variability in vit...
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Veröffentlicht in: | European journal of nutrition 2017-04, Vol.56 (3), p.1123-1133 |
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creator | Casabonne, Delphine Gracia, Esther Espinosa, Ana Bustamante, Mariona Benavente, Yolanda Robles, Claudia Costas, Laura Alonso, Esther Gonzalez-Barca, Eva Tardón, Adonina Dierssen-Sotos, Trinidad Vázquez, Eva Gimeno Aymerich, Marta Campo, Elies Jiménez-Moleón, José J. Marcos-Gragera, Rafael Castaño-Vinyals, Gemma Aragones, Nuria Pollan, Marina Kogevinas, Manolis Urtiaga, Carmen Amiano, Pilar Moreno, Victor de Sanjose, Silvia |
description | Purpose
There is currently no convincing epidemiological evidence that fruit and vegetable consumption, the primary source of vitamin C, plays a role in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) aetiology. We hypothesized that variations in vitamin C dietary intake as well as in genetic variability in vitamin C transporter gene SLC23A2 could explain some inconsistencies in the literature.
Methods
Fruit/vegetable/vitamin C consumption from food frequency questionnaires and six low-penetrance genetic susceptibility polymorphisms in vitamin C transporter gene SLC23A2 (rs1715364, rs6133175, rs1776948, rs6139587, rs369270 and rs6052937) were examined in 434 CLL cases and 1257 randomly selected controls from primary care centres with genetic data of whom 275 cases and 1094 controls having both diet and genetic information. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI).
Results
CLL patients were more likely to have a higher fruit consumption than controls (highest versus lowest quartile in g/day OR: 1.48; 95 % CI: 1.00 to 2.18; P = 0.03), whereas no associations were found with vegetable or total vitamin C intake. Based on log-additive models, rs6133175_A > G (OR: 1.19, 95 % CI: 1.00 to 1.41; P = 0.05) and rs1776948_T > A (OR: 1.20; 95 %CI: 1.01 to 1.41; P = 0.04) were associated with CLL. The haplogenotype analysis (rs1715364, rs6133175) supported the genotype results. No gene–diet interactions in CLL remained statistically significant after correction for multiple testing.
Conclusions
These data suggest that both fruit intake and genetic marker in
SLC23A2
may play an independent role in CLL biology. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00394-016-1162-8 |
format | Article |
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There is currently no convincing epidemiological evidence that fruit and vegetable consumption, the primary source of vitamin C, plays a role in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) aetiology. We hypothesized that variations in vitamin C dietary intake as well as in genetic variability in vitamin C transporter gene SLC23A2 could explain some inconsistencies in the literature.
Methods
Fruit/vegetable/vitamin C consumption from food frequency questionnaires and six low-penetrance genetic susceptibility polymorphisms in vitamin C transporter gene SLC23A2 (rs1715364, rs6133175, rs1776948, rs6139587, rs369270 and rs6052937) were examined in 434 CLL cases and 1257 randomly selected controls from primary care centres with genetic data of whom 275 cases and 1094 controls having both diet and genetic information. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI).
Results
CLL patients were more likely to have a higher fruit consumption than controls (highest versus lowest quartile in g/day OR: 1.48; 95 % CI: 1.00 to 2.18; P = 0.03), whereas no associations were found with vegetable or total vitamin C intake. Based on log-additive models, rs6133175_A > G (OR: 1.19, 95 % CI: 1.00 to 1.41; P = 0.05) and rs1776948_T > A (OR: 1.20; 95 %CI: 1.01 to 1.41; P = 0.04) were associated with CLL. The haplogenotype analysis (rs1715364, rs6133175) supported the genotype results. No gene–diet interactions in CLL remained statistically significant after correction for multiple testing.
Conclusions
These data suggest that both fruit intake and genetic marker in
SLC23A2
may play an independent role in CLL biology.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1436-6207</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1436-6215</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1162-8</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26838684</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Aged ; Ascorbic Acid - administration & dosage ; Body Mass Index ; Case-Control Studies ; Chemistry ; Chemistry and Materials Science ; Female ; Fruit ; Genetic Markers ; Genotyping Techniques ; Humans ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell - genetics ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Nutrition ; Nutrition Assessment ; Original Contribution ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Risk Factors ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Sodium-Coupled Vitamin C Transporters - genetics ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Vegetables</subject><ispartof>European journal of nutrition, 2017-04, Vol.56 (3), p.1123-1133</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016</rights><rights>European Journal of Nutrition is a copyright of Springer, 2017.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c405t-9935bd4f52b6aac99dcf69c76e51f1922929055a158908de0422d6d2d2b064683</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c405t-9935bd4f52b6aac99dcf69c76e51f1922929055a158908de0422d6d2d2b064683</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00394-016-1162-8$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00394-016-1162-8$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26838684$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Casabonne, Delphine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gracia, Esther</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Espinosa, Ana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bustamante, Mariona</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Benavente, Yolanda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Robles, Claudia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Costas, Laura</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alonso, Esther</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gonzalez-Barca, Eva</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tardón, Adonina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dierssen-Sotos, Trinidad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vázquez, Eva Gimeno</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aymerich, Marta</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Campo, Elies</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jiménez-Moleón, José J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marcos-Gragera, Rafael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Castaño-Vinyals, Gemma</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aragones, Nuria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pollan, Marina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kogevinas, Manolis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Urtiaga, Carmen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Amiano, Pilar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moreno, Victor</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Sanjose, Silvia</creatorcontrib><title>Fruit and vegetable intake and vitamin C transporter gene (SLC23A2) polymorphisms in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia</title><title>European journal of nutrition</title><addtitle>Eur J Nutr</addtitle><addtitle>Eur J Nutr</addtitle><description>Purpose
There is currently no convincing epidemiological evidence that fruit and vegetable consumption, the primary source of vitamin C, plays a role in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) aetiology. We hypothesized that variations in vitamin C dietary intake as well as in genetic variability in vitamin C transporter gene SLC23A2 could explain some inconsistencies in the literature.
Methods
Fruit/vegetable/vitamin C consumption from food frequency questionnaires and six low-penetrance genetic susceptibility polymorphisms in vitamin C transporter gene SLC23A2 (rs1715364, rs6133175, rs1776948, rs6139587, rs369270 and rs6052937) were examined in 434 CLL cases and 1257 randomly selected controls from primary care centres with genetic data of whom 275 cases and 1094 controls having both diet and genetic information. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI).
Results
CLL patients were more likely to have a higher fruit consumption than controls (highest versus lowest quartile in g/day OR: 1.48; 95 % CI: 1.00 to 2.18; P = 0.03), whereas no associations were found with vegetable or total vitamin C intake. Based on log-additive models, rs6133175_A > G (OR: 1.19, 95 % CI: 1.00 to 1.41; P = 0.05) and rs1776948_T > A (OR: 1.20; 95 %CI: 1.01 to 1.41; P = 0.04) were associated with CLL. The haplogenotype analysis (rs1715364, rs6133175) supported the genotype results. No gene–diet interactions in CLL remained statistically significant after correction for multiple testing.
Conclusions
These data suggest that both fruit intake and genetic marker in
SLC23A2
may play an independent role in CLL biology.</description><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Ascorbic Acid - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Body Mass Index</subject><subject>Case-Control Studies</subject><subject>Chemistry</subject><subject>Chemistry and Materials Science</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fruit</subject><subject>Genetic Markers</subject><subject>Genotyping Techniques</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell - genetics</subject><subject>Logistic Models</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Multivariate Analysis</subject><subject>Nutrition</subject><subject>Nutrition Assessment</subject><subject>Original Contribution</subject><subject>Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Socioeconomic Factors</subject><subject>Sodium-Coupled Vitamin C Transporters - genetics</subject><subject>Surveys and Questionnaires</subject><subject>Vegetables</subject><issn>1436-6207</issn><issn>1436-6215</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkU1r3DAQhkVpaD7aH9BLEfSSHpxKsiRbx7A0TWGhh6RnIcvjXSW25EpyYP99tTgNpVDoRTPMPPNKoxeh95RcUUKaz4mQWvGKUFlRKlnVvkJnlNeykoyK1y85aU7ReUoPhBBWS_oGnTLZ1q1s-RmKN3FxGRvf4yfYQTbdCNj5bB5hLbpsJufxBudofJpDzBDxDjzgy7vthtXX7BOew3iYQpz3Lk2pTGO7j8E7i0t53gd7yMcclkcDkzNv0clgxgTvnuMF-nHz5X5zW22_f_22ud5WlhORK6Vq0fV8EKyTxlilejtIZRsJgg5UMaaYIkIYKlpF2h4IZ6yXPetZRyQvC16gy1V3juHnAinrySUL42g8hCVp2ra0EeX8H5RJKcsXi4J-_At9CEv0ZZFCNZLWSnBeKLpSNoaUIgx6jm4y8aAp0Ufv9OqdLt7po3f6-IgPz8pLN0H_MvHbrAKwFUil5XcQ_7j6n6q_AFP0oqc</recordid><startdate>20170401</startdate><enddate>20170401</enddate><creator>Casabonne, Delphine</creator><creator>Gracia, Esther</creator><creator>Espinosa, Ana</creator><creator>Bustamante, Mariona</creator><creator>Benavente, Yolanda</creator><creator>Robles, Claudia</creator><creator>Costas, Laura</creator><creator>Alonso, Esther</creator><creator>Gonzalez-Barca, Eva</creator><creator>Tardón, Adonina</creator><creator>Dierssen-Sotos, Trinidad</creator><creator>Vázquez, Eva Gimeno</creator><creator>Aymerich, Marta</creator><creator>Campo, Elies</creator><creator>Jiménez-Moleón, José J.</creator><creator>Marcos-Gragera, Rafael</creator><creator>Castaño-Vinyals, Gemma</creator><creator>Aragones, Nuria</creator><creator>Pollan, Marina</creator><creator>Kogevinas, Manolis</creator><creator>Urtiaga, Carmen</creator><creator>Amiano, Pilar</creator><creator>Moreno, Victor</creator><creator>de Sanjose, Silvia</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7RQ</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9-</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0R</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>H94</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20170401</creationdate><title>Fruit and vegetable intake and vitamin C transporter gene (SLC23A2) polymorphisms in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia</title><author>Casabonne, Delphine ; Gracia, Esther ; Espinosa, Ana ; Bustamante, Mariona ; Benavente, Yolanda ; Robles, Claudia ; Costas, Laura ; Alonso, Esther ; Gonzalez-Barca, Eva ; Tardón, Adonina ; Dierssen-Sotos, Trinidad ; Vázquez, Eva Gimeno ; Aymerich, Marta ; Campo, Elies ; Jiménez-Moleón, José J. ; Marcos-Gragera, Rafael ; Castaño-Vinyals, Gemma ; Aragones, Nuria ; Pollan, Marina ; Kogevinas, Manolis ; Urtiaga, Carmen ; Amiano, Pilar ; Moreno, Victor ; de Sanjose, Silvia</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c405t-9935bd4f52b6aac99dcf69c76e51f1922929055a158908de0422d6d2d2b064683</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Ascorbic Acid - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Body Mass Index</topic><topic>Case-Control Studies</topic><topic>Chemistry</topic><topic>Chemistry and Materials Science</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fruit</topic><topic>Genetic Markers</topic><topic>Genotyping Techniques</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell - genetics</topic><topic>Logistic Models</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Multivariate Analysis</topic><topic>Nutrition</topic><topic>Nutrition Assessment</topic><topic>Original Contribution</topic><topic>Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Socioeconomic Factors</topic><topic>Sodium-Coupled Vitamin C Transporters - genetics</topic><topic>Surveys and Questionnaires</topic><topic>Vegetables</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Casabonne, Delphine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gracia, Esther</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Espinosa, Ana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bustamante, Mariona</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Benavente, Yolanda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Robles, Claudia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Costas, Laura</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alonso, Esther</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gonzalez-Barca, Eva</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tardón, Adonina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dierssen-Sotos, Trinidad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vázquez, Eva Gimeno</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aymerich, Marta</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Campo, Elies</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jiménez-Moleón, José J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marcos-Gragera, Rafael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Castaño-Vinyals, Gemma</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aragones, Nuria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pollan, Marina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kogevinas, Manolis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Urtiaga, Carmen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Amiano, Pilar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moreno, Victor</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Sanjose, Silvia</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Career & Technical Education Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><jtitle>European journal of nutrition</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Casabonne, Delphine</au><au>Gracia, Esther</au><au>Espinosa, Ana</au><au>Bustamante, Mariona</au><au>Benavente, Yolanda</au><au>Robles, Claudia</au><au>Costas, Laura</au><au>Alonso, Esther</au><au>Gonzalez-Barca, Eva</au><au>Tardón, Adonina</au><au>Dierssen-Sotos, Trinidad</au><au>Vázquez, Eva Gimeno</au><au>Aymerich, Marta</au><au>Campo, Elies</au><au>Jiménez-Moleón, José J.</au><au>Marcos-Gragera, Rafael</au><au>Castaño-Vinyals, Gemma</au><au>Aragones, Nuria</au><au>Pollan, Marina</au><au>Kogevinas, Manolis</au><au>Urtiaga, Carmen</au><au>Amiano, Pilar</au><au>Moreno, Victor</au><au>de Sanjose, Silvia</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Fruit and vegetable intake and vitamin C transporter gene (SLC23A2) polymorphisms in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia</atitle><jtitle>European journal of nutrition</jtitle><stitle>Eur J Nutr</stitle><addtitle>Eur J Nutr</addtitle><date>2017-04-01</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>56</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>1123</spage><epage>1133</epage><pages>1123-1133</pages><issn>1436-6207</issn><eissn>1436-6215</eissn><abstract>Purpose
There is currently no convincing epidemiological evidence that fruit and vegetable consumption, the primary source of vitamin C, plays a role in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) aetiology. We hypothesized that variations in vitamin C dietary intake as well as in genetic variability in vitamin C transporter gene SLC23A2 could explain some inconsistencies in the literature.
Methods
Fruit/vegetable/vitamin C consumption from food frequency questionnaires and six low-penetrance genetic susceptibility polymorphisms in vitamin C transporter gene SLC23A2 (rs1715364, rs6133175, rs1776948, rs6139587, rs369270 and rs6052937) were examined in 434 CLL cases and 1257 randomly selected controls from primary care centres with genetic data of whom 275 cases and 1094 controls having both diet and genetic information. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI).
Results
CLL patients were more likely to have a higher fruit consumption than controls (highest versus lowest quartile in g/day OR: 1.48; 95 % CI: 1.00 to 2.18; P = 0.03), whereas no associations were found with vegetable or total vitamin C intake. Based on log-additive models, rs6133175_A > G (OR: 1.19, 95 % CI: 1.00 to 1.41; P = 0.05) and rs1776948_T > A (OR: 1.20; 95 %CI: 1.01 to 1.41; P = 0.04) were associated with CLL. The haplogenotype analysis (rs1715364, rs6133175) supported the genotype results. No gene–diet interactions in CLL remained statistically significant after correction for multiple testing.
Conclusions
These data suggest that both fruit intake and genetic marker in
SLC23A2
may play an independent role in CLL biology.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>26838684</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00394-016-1162-8</doi><tpages>11</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Aged Ascorbic Acid - administration & dosage Body Mass Index Case-Control Studies Chemistry Chemistry and Materials Science Female Fruit Genetic Markers Genotyping Techniques Humans Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell - genetics Logistic Models Male Middle Aged Multivariate Analysis Nutrition Nutrition Assessment Original Contribution Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide Risk Factors Socioeconomic Factors Sodium-Coupled Vitamin C Transporters - genetics Surveys and Questionnaires Vegetables |
title | Fruit and vegetable intake and vitamin C transporter gene (SLC23A2) polymorphisms in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia |
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