Long-term suppression of insect herbivores increases the production and growth of Solidago altissima rhizomes

Although insect herbivores have many well documented effects on plant performance, there are few studies that assess the impact of above-ground herbivory on below-ground plant growth. For a seven year period in which no large-scale herbivore outbreaks occurred, a broad spectrum insecticide was utili...

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Veröffentlicht in:Oecologia 1991-10, Vol.88 (2), p.251-257
Hauptverfasser: Cain, M.L, Carson, W.P, Root, R.B
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Root, R.B
description Although insect herbivores have many well documented effects on plant performance, there are few studies that assess the impact of above-ground herbivory on below-ground plant growth. For a seven year period in which no large-scale herbivore outbreaks occurred, a broad spectrum insecticide was utilized to suppress herbivorous insects in a natural community dominated by Solidago altissima. Ramet heights, rhizome lengths, rhizome biomass, and the number of daughter rhizomes all were lower in the control plots than in the insecticidetreated plots. These effects should lead to a decrease in the fitness of genets in the control plots relative to the fitness of genets in the insecticide-treated plots. We also found that ramets in the control plots appear to have compensated for herbivory: the ratio of rhizome length to rhizome biomass was greatest in the control plots, which indicates that clones moved farther per unit biomass in these plots than in the insecticide-treated plots. Clonal growth models show that this shift in allocation patterns greatly reduced the magnitude of treatment differences in long-term clonal displacements. Previous work has shown, and this study verified, that clonal growth in S. altissima is well represented by random-walk and diffusion models. Therefore, we used these models to examine possible treatment differences in rates of clonal expansion. Although rhizome lengths were greater in the insecticide-treated plots, results from the models suggest that our treatments had little impact on the short- and long-term displacement of S. altissima ramets from a point of origin. This occurred because S. altissima ramets backtrack often, and thus, treatment differences in net displacements are less pronounced than treatment differences in rhizome lengths.
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Previous work has shown, and this study verified, that clonal growth in S. altissima is well represented by random-walk and diffusion models. Therefore, we used these models to examine possible treatment differences in rates of clonal expansion. Although rhizome lengths were greater in the insecticide-treated plots, results from the models suggest that our treatments had little impact on the short- and long-term displacement of S. altissima ramets from a point of origin. 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identifier ISSN: 0029-8549
ispartof Oecologia, 1991-10, Vol.88 (2), p.251-257
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1432-1939
language eng
recordid cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1878818403
source SpringerNature Journals; JSTOR
subjects Animal and plant ecology
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Biological and medical sciences
Biomass
defoliation
Demecology
Ecological competition
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
growth
Herbivores
Insect communities
insect control
insect pests
Insect reproduction
Insecta
Phytophagous insects
Plant ecology
Plant roots
plant-insect relations
Plants
Plants and fungi
Rhizomes
Solidago canadensis var. scabra
title Long-term suppression of insect herbivores increases the production and growth of Solidago altissima rhizomes
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