Small Buccal Fat Pad Cells Have High Osteogenic Differentiation Potential
Dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cells derived from mature adipocytes have mesenchymal stem cells' (MSCs) characteristics. Generally, mature adipocytes are 60–110 μm in diameter; however, association between adipocyte size and dedifferentiation efficiency is still unknown. This study, therefore, inv...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Tissue engineering. Part C, Methods Methods, 2016-03, Vol.22 (3), p.25-259 |
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| creator | Tsurumachi, Niina Akita, Daisuke Kano, Koichiro Matsumoto, Taro Toriumi, Taku Kazama, Tomohiko Oki, Yoshinao Tamura, Yoko Tonogi, Morio Isokawa, Keitaro Shimizu, Noriyoshi Honda, Masaki |
| description | Dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cells derived from mature adipocytes have mesenchymal stem cells' (MSCs) characteristics. Generally, mature adipocytes are 60–110 μm in diameter; however, association between adipocyte size and dedifferentiation efficiency is still unknown. This study, therefore, investigated the dedifferentiation efficiency of adipocytes based on cell diameter. Buccal fat pad was harvested from five human donors and dissociated by collagenase digestion. After exclusion of unwanted stromal cells by centrifugation, floating adipocytes were collected and their size distribution was analyzed. The floating adipocytes were then separated into two groups depending on cell size using 40- and 100-μm nylon mesh filters: cell diameters less than 40 μm (small adipocytes: S-adipocytes) and cell diameters of 40–100 μm (large adipocytes: L-adipocytes). Finally, we evaluated the efficiency of adipocyte dedifferentiation and then characterized the resultant DFAT cells. The S-adipocytes showed a higher capacity to dedifferentiate into DFAT cells (S-DFAT cells) compared to the L-adipocytes (L-DFAT cells). The S-DFAT cells also showed a relatively higher proportion of CD146-positive cells than L-DFAT cells, and exhibited more osteogenic differentiation ability based on the alkaline phosphatase activity and amount of calcium deposition. These results suggested that the S- and L-DFAT cells had distinct characteristics, and that the higher dedifferentiation potential of S-adipocytes compared to L-adipocytes gives the former group an advantage in yielding DFAT cells. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1089/ten.tec.2015.0420 |
| format | Article |
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Generally, mature adipocytes are 60–110 μm in diameter; however, association between adipocyte size and dedifferentiation efficiency is still unknown. This study, therefore, investigated the dedifferentiation efficiency of adipocytes based on cell diameter. Buccal fat pad was harvested from five human donors and dissociated by collagenase digestion. After exclusion of unwanted stromal cells by centrifugation, floating adipocytes were collected and their size distribution was analyzed. The floating adipocytes were then separated into two groups depending on cell size using 40- and 100-μm nylon mesh filters: cell diameters less than 40 μm (small adipocytes: S-adipocytes) and cell diameters of 40–100 μm (large adipocytes: L-adipocytes). Finally, we evaluated the efficiency of adipocyte dedifferentiation and then characterized the resultant DFAT cells. The S-adipocytes showed a higher capacity to dedifferentiate into DFAT cells (S-DFAT cells) compared to the L-adipocytes (L-DFAT cells). The S-DFAT cells also showed a relatively higher proportion of CD146-positive cells than L-DFAT cells, and exhibited more osteogenic differentiation ability based on the alkaline phosphatase activity and amount of calcium deposition. These results suggested that the S- and L-DFAT cells had distinct characteristics, and that the higher dedifferentiation potential of S-adipocytes compared to L-adipocytes gives the former group an advantage in yielding DFAT cells.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1937-3384</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1937-3392</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2015.0420</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26651216</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Mary Ann Liebert, Inc</publisher><subject>Adipocytes ; Adipocytes - cytology ; Adipogenesis ; Adipose Tissue - cytology ; Adult ; Cell Dedifferentiation ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation ; Cell Separation ; Cell Shape ; Cell Size ; Cells, Cultured ; Colony-Forming Units Assay ; Female ; Fibroblasts - cytology ; Flow Cytometry ; Fluorescence ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Human Embryonic Stem Cells - cytology ; Humans ; Male ; Mouth - cytology ; Osteogenesis ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Stem cells ; Tissue engineering ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Tissue engineering. 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Part C, Methods</title><addtitle>Tissue Eng Part C Methods</addtitle><description>Dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cells derived from mature adipocytes have mesenchymal stem cells' (MSCs) characteristics. Generally, mature adipocytes are 60–110 μm in diameter; however, association between adipocyte size and dedifferentiation efficiency is still unknown. This study, therefore, investigated the dedifferentiation efficiency of adipocytes based on cell diameter. Buccal fat pad was harvested from five human donors and dissociated by collagenase digestion. After exclusion of unwanted stromal cells by centrifugation, floating adipocytes were collected and their size distribution was analyzed. The floating adipocytes were then separated into two groups depending on cell size using 40- and 100-μm nylon mesh filters: cell diameters less than 40 μm (small adipocytes: S-adipocytes) and cell diameters of 40–100 μm (large adipocytes: L-adipocytes). Finally, we evaluated the efficiency of adipocyte dedifferentiation and then characterized the resultant DFAT cells. The S-adipocytes showed a higher capacity to dedifferentiate into DFAT cells (S-DFAT cells) compared to the L-adipocytes (L-DFAT cells). The S-DFAT cells also showed a relatively higher proportion of CD146-positive cells than L-DFAT cells, and exhibited more osteogenic differentiation ability based on the alkaline phosphatase activity and amount of calcium deposition. These results suggested that the S- and L-DFAT cells had distinct characteristics, and that the higher dedifferentiation potential of S-adipocytes compared to L-adipocytes gives the former group an advantage in yielding DFAT cells.</description><subject>Adipocytes</subject><subject>Adipocytes - cytology</subject><subject>Adipogenesis</subject><subject>Adipose Tissue - cytology</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Cell Dedifferentiation</subject><subject>Cell Differentiation</subject><subject>Cell Proliferation</subject><subject>Cell Separation</subject><subject>Cell Shape</subject><subject>Cell Size</subject><subject>Cells, Cultured</subject><subject>Colony-Forming Units Assay</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fibroblasts - cytology</subject><subject>Flow Cytometry</subject><subject>Fluorescence</subject><subject>Gene Expression Profiling</subject><subject>Human Embryonic Stem Cells - cytology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Mouth - cytology</subject><subject>Osteogenesis</subject><subject>Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction</subject><subject>Stem cells</subject><subject>Tissue engineering</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>1937-3384</issn><issn>1937-3392</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkT9PwzAQxS0EoqXwAViQJRaWFP9JYnuEQmmlSq0EzJHrnEuqNCmxg8S3x6GlAwsM1tmn3z2d30PokpIhJVLdeqiGHsyQEZoMSczIEepTxUXEuWLHh7uMe-jMuTUhKUmFOkU9lqYJZTTto-nzRpclvm-N0SUea48XOscjKEuHJ_oD8KRYveG581CvoCoMfiishQYqX2hf1BVe1P77UZ6jE6tLBxf7OkCv48eX0SSazZ-mo7tZZGKR-kgmSps8taCUEiZWiWRGgWU0V1TF1MpU5YKDsIJIzQWjYmk0k0seG51rY_kA3ex0t0393oLz2aZwJiysK6hbl1EphOQJTfjfqBBMMhXogF7_Qtd121ThIx1Fg1uxYoGiO8o0tXMN2GzbFBvdfGaUZF0kWTAjHJN1kWRdJGHmaq_cLjeQHyZ-MgiA2AFdW1dVWcASGv8P6S8TEpli</recordid><startdate>20160301</startdate><enddate>20160301</enddate><creator>Tsurumachi, Niina</creator><creator>Akita, Daisuke</creator><creator>Kano, Koichiro</creator><creator>Matsumoto, Taro</creator><creator>Toriumi, Taku</creator><creator>Kazama, Tomohiko</creator><creator>Oki, Yoshinao</creator><creator>Tamura, Yoko</creator><creator>Tonogi, Morio</creator><creator>Isokawa, Keitaro</creator><creator>Shimizu, Noriyoshi</creator><creator>Honda, Masaki</creator><general>Mary Ann Liebert, Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PHGZM</scope><scope>PHGZT</scope><scope>PJZUB</scope><scope>PKEHL</scope><scope>PPXIY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQGLB</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7QO</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20160301</creationdate><title>Small Buccal Fat Pad Cells Have High Osteogenic Differentiation Potential</title><author>Tsurumachi, Niina ; 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Part C, Methods</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Tsurumachi, Niina</au><au>Akita, Daisuke</au><au>Kano, Koichiro</au><au>Matsumoto, Taro</au><au>Toriumi, Taku</au><au>Kazama, Tomohiko</au><au>Oki, Yoshinao</au><au>Tamura, Yoko</au><au>Tonogi, Morio</au><au>Isokawa, Keitaro</au><au>Shimizu, Noriyoshi</au><au>Honda, Masaki</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Small Buccal Fat Pad Cells Have High Osteogenic Differentiation Potential</atitle><jtitle>Tissue engineering. Part C, Methods</jtitle><addtitle>Tissue Eng Part C Methods</addtitle><date>2016-03-01</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>22</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>25</spage><epage>259</epage><pages>25-259</pages><issn>1937-3384</issn><eissn>1937-3392</eissn><abstract>Dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cells derived from mature adipocytes have mesenchymal stem cells' (MSCs) characteristics. Generally, mature adipocytes are 60–110 μm in diameter; however, association between adipocyte size and dedifferentiation efficiency is still unknown. This study, therefore, investigated the dedifferentiation efficiency of adipocytes based on cell diameter. Buccal fat pad was harvested from five human donors and dissociated by collagenase digestion. After exclusion of unwanted stromal cells by centrifugation, floating adipocytes were collected and their size distribution was analyzed. The floating adipocytes were then separated into two groups depending on cell size using 40- and 100-μm nylon mesh filters: cell diameters less than 40 μm (small adipocytes: S-adipocytes) and cell diameters of 40–100 μm (large adipocytes: L-adipocytes). Finally, we evaluated the efficiency of adipocyte dedifferentiation and then characterized the resultant DFAT cells. The S-adipocytes showed a higher capacity to dedifferentiate into DFAT cells (S-DFAT cells) compared to the L-adipocytes (L-DFAT cells). The S-DFAT cells also showed a relatively higher proportion of CD146-positive cells than L-DFAT cells, and exhibited more osteogenic differentiation ability based on the alkaline phosphatase activity and amount of calcium deposition. These results suggested that the S- and L-DFAT cells had distinct characteristics, and that the higher dedifferentiation potential of S-adipocytes compared to L-adipocytes gives the former group an advantage in yielding DFAT cells.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Mary Ann Liebert, Inc</pub><pmid>26651216</pmid><doi>10.1089/ten.tec.2015.0420</doi><tpages>235</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adipocytes Adipocytes - cytology Adipogenesis Adipose Tissue - cytology Adult Cell Dedifferentiation Cell Differentiation Cell Proliferation Cell Separation Cell Shape Cell Size Cells, Cultured Colony-Forming Units Assay Female Fibroblasts - cytology Flow Cytometry Fluorescence Gene Expression Profiling Human Embryonic Stem Cells - cytology Humans Male Mouth - cytology Osteogenesis Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Stem cells Tissue engineering Young Adult |
| title | Small Buccal Fat Pad Cells Have High Osteogenic Differentiation Potential |
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