Hydroquinone modulates the GM-CSF signaling pathway in TF-1 cells

Human leukemogens, including alkylating chemotherapeutic agents and benzene, enhance granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-dependent proliferation of human CD34+ bone marrow (BM) cells. The extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway plays an important role in GM-CSF-depe...

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Veröffentlicht in:Leukemia 2004-07, Vol.18 (7), p.1296-1304
Hauptverfasser: Zheng, J H, Pyatt, D W, Gross, S A, Le, A T, Kerzic, P J, Irons, R D
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container_issue 7
container_start_page 1296
container_title Leukemia
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creator Zheng, J H
Pyatt, D W
Gross, S A
Le, A T
Kerzic, P J
Irons, R D
description Human leukemogens, including alkylating chemotherapeutic agents and benzene, enhance granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-dependent proliferation of human CD34+ bone marrow (BM) cells. The extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway plays an important role in GM-CSF-dependent proliferation and also has been implicated in the pathogenesis of acute myelogenous leukemia. Therefore, we investigated the effects of the benzene metabolite, hydroquinone (HQ), on alterations in the GM-CSF signaling pathway in TF-1 erythroleukemia cells and human CD34+ BM cells. HQ treatment in TF-1 cells results in a strong proliferative response that is dependent on ERK activation and GM-CSF production. HQ also induces ERK-dependent AP-1 activation with concomitant increased transcriptional activity of AP-1 reporter gene. However, the kinetics of ERK activation are different between rhGM-CSF and HQ in TF-1 cells: rhGM-CSF results in immediate activation of ERK, whereas HQ activation of ERK is delayed. Further, HQ and rhGM-CSF together produce an immediate increase in ERK phosphorylation, which is sustained for over 48 h. HQ also stimulates colony formation, AP-1 DNA binding and GM-CSF production in human CD34+ BM cells. These results suggest that HQ stimulates proliferation via activation of ERK/AP-1 and is at least partially mediated via the production of GM-CSF.
doi_str_mv 10.1038/sj.leu.2403389
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subjects Acute myeloid leukemia
Alkylation
Antigens, CD34
Benzene
Biological and medical sciences
Bone marrow
Bone Marrow Cells - cytology
Bone Marrow Cells - drug effects
Cancer Research
Carcinogens - pharmacology
CD34 antigen
Cell division
Cell Division - drug effects
Cell Line, Tumor
Cell proliferation
Chemotherapy
Colonies
Colony-stimulating factor
Critical Care Medicine
Cytokines
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
Erythroleukemia
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor - biosynthesis
Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor - metabolism
Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor - pharmacology
Granulocytes
Health sciences
Hematologic and hematopoietic diseases
Hematology
Humans
Hydrocarbons
Hydroquinone
Hydroquinones - pharmacology
Intensive
Internal Medicine
Kinases
Kinetics
Leukemia
Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute - pathology
Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute - chemically induced
Medical sciences
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Metabolic pathways
Metabolites
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases - metabolism
Oncology
original-manuscript
Pathogenesis
Phosphorylation
Recombinant Proteins
Reporter gene
Signal transduction
Signal Transduction - drug effects
Signaling
Transcription activation
Transcription Factor AP-1 - metabolism
Transcription factors
title Hydroquinone modulates the GM-CSF signaling pathway in TF-1 cells
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