Three doses of vitamin D, bone mineral density, and geometry in older women during modest weight control in a 1-year randomized controlled trial
Summary The effects of higher than recommended vitamin D doses on bone mineral density (BMD) and quality are not known. In this study, higher intakes, in postmenopausal women undergoing weight control over 1 year, had no effect on areal or volumetric BMD but prevented the deterioration in cortical b...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Osteoporosis international 2017, Vol.28 (1), p.377-388 |
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| description | Summary
The effects of higher than recommended vitamin D doses on bone mineral density (BMD) and quality are not known. In this study, higher intakes, in postmenopausal women undergoing weight control over 1 year, had no effect on areal or volumetric BMD but prevented the deterioration in cortical bone geometry.
Introduction
Studies examining how bone responds to a standard dose of vitamin D supplementation have been inconsistent. In addition, the effects of higher doses on BMD and quality are not known. Postmenopausal women undergoing weight control to improve health outcomes are particularly at risk for bone loss and might benefit from supplemental vitamin D intake above the recommended allowance.
Methods
This 1-year-long, randomized, double-blind controlled study addresses whether vitamin D supplementation, in healthy overweight/obese older women, affects BMD and bone structural parameters. In addition, bone turnover and serum total, free, and bioavailable 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) responses to one of three daily levels of vitamin D
3
(600, 2000, 4000 IU) with 1.2 Ca g/day during weight control were examined.
Results
Fifty-eight women (age, 58 ± 6 years; body mass index, 30.2 ± 3.8 kg/m
2
, serum 25OHD, 27.3 ± 4.4 ng/mL) were randomized to treatment. After 1 year, serum 25OHD concentrations increased to 26.5 ± 4.4, 35.9 ± 4.5, and 41.5 ± 6.9 ng/mL, in groups 600, 2000, and 4000 IU, respectively, and differed between groups (
p
|
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00198-016-3735-z |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1868310537</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>1855063863</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c405t-cf63f5548d9044c1e7b6ae59fda93ff3857e6f12ba1a84a7afb9d7dbbe47e4813</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFkUFvFCEUx4nR2G31A3gxJF566FgYYICjqbWaNPHSJt4IMzy2NDOwwozN7qfwI8tmW01MjCde4Pf-D_gh9IaS95QQeV4IoVo1hHYNk0w0u2doRTljTas78RytiGay0Zx-O0LHpdyT2qO1fImOWimYkKJdoZ83dxkAu1Sg4OTxjzDbKUT88Qz3KQKuNWQ7YgexhHl7hm10eA1pgjlvcQXT6CDjh7oRsVtyiGs8JQdlxg8Q1nczHlKccxr3rMW02YLNONeUNIUduKfjsZZzDnZ8hV54OxZ4_bieoNtPlzcXn5vrr1dfLj5cNwMnYm4G3zEvBFdOE84HCrLvLAjtndXMe6aEhM7TtrfUKm6l9b120vU9cAlcUXaCTg-5m5y-L_W-ZgplgHG0EdJSDFWdYpSI-rH_R4UgHVMdq-i7v9D7tORYH2JaQhTjSui2UvRADTmVksGbTQ6TzVtDidmbNQezppo1e7NmV3vePiYv_QTud8eTygq0B6Bs9hYg_xn979RfnmCwlA</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2008348592</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Three doses of vitamin D, bone mineral density, and geometry in older women during modest weight control in a 1-year randomized controlled trial</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings</source><creator>Pop, L. C. ; Sukumar, D. ; Schneider, S. H. ; Schlussel, Y. ; Stahl, T. ; Gordon, C. ; Wang, X. ; Papathomas, T. V. ; Shapses, S. A.</creator><creatorcontrib>Pop, L. C. ; Sukumar, D. ; Schneider, S. H. ; Schlussel, Y. ; Stahl, T. ; Gordon, C. ; Wang, X. ; Papathomas, T. V. ; Shapses, S. A.</creatorcontrib><description>Summary
The effects of higher than recommended vitamin D doses on bone mineral density (BMD) and quality are not known. In this study, higher intakes, in postmenopausal women undergoing weight control over 1 year, had no effect on areal or volumetric BMD but prevented the deterioration in cortical bone geometry.
Introduction
Studies examining how bone responds to a standard dose of vitamin D supplementation have been inconsistent. In addition, the effects of higher doses on BMD and quality are not known. Postmenopausal women undergoing weight control to improve health outcomes are particularly at risk for bone loss and might benefit from supplemental vitamin D intake above the recommended allowance.
Methods
This 1-year-long, randomized, double-blind controlled study addresses whether vitamin D supplementation, in healthy overweight/obese older women, affects BMD and bone structural parameters. In addition, bone turnover and serum total, free, and bioavailable 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) responses to one of three daily levels of vitamin D
3
(600, 2000, 4000 IU) with 1.2 Ca g/day during weight control were examined.
Results
Fifty-eight women (age, 58 ± 6 years; body mass index, 30.2 ± 3.8 kg/m
2
, serum 25OHD, 27.3 ± 4.4 ng/mL) were randomized to treatment. After 1 year, serum 25OHD concentrations increased to 26.5 ± 4.4, 35.9 ± 4.5, and 41.5 ± 6.9 ng/mL, in groups 600, 2000, and 4000 IU, respectively, and differed between groups (
p
< 0.01). Weight change was similar between groups (−3.0 ± 4.1 %). Cortical (Ct) thickness of the tibia changed by −1.5 ± 5.1 %, +0.6 ± 3.2 %, and +2.0 ± 4.5 % in groups 600, 2000, and 4000 IU, respectively, and each group was significantly different from each other (
p
< 0.05).
Conclusion
The decline in Ct thickness was prevented with higher vitamin D
3
supplementation, but there were no other significant changes due to treatment over 1 year. Whether these findings translate to changes in biomechanical properties leading to reduced fracture risk should be addressed in future studies.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0937-941X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1433-2965</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00198-016-3735-z</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27535752</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Springer London</publisher><subject>25-Hydroxyvitamin D ; Aged ; Anthropometry - methods ; Body Composition - physiology ; Body mass index ; Body weight ; Body Weight - physiology ; Bone density ; Bone Density - drug effects ; Bone Density - physiology ; Bone Density Conservation Agents - administration & dosage ; Bone Density Conservation Agents - pharmacology ; Bone loss ; Bone mineral density ; Bone turnover ; Cholecalciferol - administration & dosage ; Cholecalciferol - pharmacology ; Cortical bone ; Diet, Reducing - adverse effects ; Dietary Supplements ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Double-Blind Method ; Endocrinology ; Exercise - physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Mechanical properties ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Middle Aged ; Obesity - physiopathology ; Obesity - therapy ; Older people ; Original Article ; Orthopedics ; Osteoporosis ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal - etiology ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal - prevention & control ; Overweight ; Post-menopause ; Postmenopause - physiology ; Rheumatology ; Supplements ; Tibia ; Vitamin D ; Vitamin D3 ; Weight Loss - physiology</subject><ispartof>Osteoporosis international, 2017, Vol.28 (1), p.377-388</ispartof><rights>International Osteoporosis Foundation and National Osteoporosis Foundation 2016</rights><rights>Osteoporosis International is a copyright of Springer, (2016). All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c405t-cf63f5548d9044c1e7b6ae59fda93ff3857e6f12ba1a84a7afb9d7dbbe47e4813</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c405t-cf63f5548d9044c1e7b6ae59fda93ff3857e6f12ba1a84a7afb9d7dbbe47e4813</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00198-016-3735-z$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00198-016-3735-z$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27535752$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Pop, L. C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sukumar, D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schneider, S. H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schlussel, Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stahl, T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gordon, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, X.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Papathomas, T. V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shapses, S. A.</creatorcontrib><title>Three doses of vitamin D, bone mineral density, and geometry in older women during modest weight control in a 1-year randomized controlled trial</title><title>Osteoporosis international</title><addtitle>Osteoporos Int</addtitle><addtitle>Osteoporos Int</addtitle><description>Summary
The effects of higher than recommended vitamin D doses on bone mineral density (BMD) and quality are not known. In this study, higher intakes, in postmenopausal women undergoing weight control over 1 year, had no effect on areal or volumetric BMD but prevented the deterioration in cortical bone geometry.
Introduction
Studies examining how bone responds to a standard dose of vitamin D supplementation have been inconsistent. In addition, the effects of higher doses on BMD and quality are not known. Postmenopausal women undergoing weight control to improve health outcomes are particularly at risk for bone loss and might benefit from supplemental vitamin D intake above the recommended allowance.
Methods
This 1-year-long, randomized, double-blind controlled study addresses whether vitamin D supplementation, in healthy overweight/obese older women, affects BMD and bone structural parameters. In addition, bone turnover and serum total, free, and bioavailable 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) responses to one of three daily levels of vitamin D
3
(600, 2000, 4000 IU) with 1.2 Ca g/day during weight control were examined.
Results
Fifty-eight women (age, 58 ± 6 years; body mass index, 30.2 ± 3.8 kg/m
2
, serum 25OHD, 27.3 ± 4.4 ng/mL) were randomized to treatment. After 1 year, serum 25OHD concentrations increased to 26.5 ± 4.4, 35.9 ± 4.5, and 41.5 ± 6.9 ng/mL, in groups 600, 2000, and 4000 IU, respectively, and differed between groups (
p
< 0.01). Weight change was similar between groups (−3.0 ± 4.1 %). Cortical (Ct) thickness of the tibia changed by −1.5 ± 5.1 %, +0.6 ± 3.2 %, and +2.0 ± 4.5 % in groups 600, 2000, and 4000 IU, respectively, and each group was significantly different from each other (
p
< 0.05).
Conclusion
The decline in Ct thickness was prevented with higher vitamin D
3
supplementation, but there were no other significant changes due to treatment over 1 year. Whether these findings translate to changes in biomechanical properties leading to reduced fracture risk should be addressed in future studies.</description><subject>25-Hydroxyvitamin D</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Anthropometry - methods</subject><subject>Body Composition - physiology</subject><subject>Body mass index</subject><subject>Body weight</subject><subject>Body Weight - physiology</subject><subject>Bone density</subject><subject>Bone Density - drug effects</subject><subject>Bone Density - physiology</subject><subject>Bone Density Conservation Agents - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Bone Density Conservation Agents - pharmacology</subject><subject>Bone loss</subject><subject>Bone mineral density</subject><subject>Bone turnover</subject><subject>Cholecalciferol - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Cholecalciferol - pharmacology</subject><subject>Cortical bone</subject><subject>Diet, Reducing - adverse effects</subject><subject>Dietary Supplements</subject><subject>Dose-Response Relationship, Drug</subject><subject>Double-Blind Method</subject><subject>Endocrinology</subject><subject>Exercise - physiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Mechanical properties</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Obesity - physiopathology</subject><subject>Obesity - therapy</subject><subject>Older people</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Orthopedics</subject><subject>Osteoporosis</subject><subject>Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal - etiology</subject><subject>Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal - prevention & control</subject><subject>Overweight</subject><subject>Post-menopause</subject><subject>Postmenopause - physiology</subject><subject>Rheumatology</subject><subject>Supplements</subject><subject>Tibia</subject><subject>Vitamin D</subject><subject>Vitamin D3</subject><subject>Weight Loss - physiology</subject><issn>0937-941X</issn><issn>1433-2965</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkUFvFCEUx4nR2G31A3gxJF566FgYYICjqbWaNPHSJt4IMzy2NDOwwozN7qfwI8tmW01MjCde4Pf-D_gh9IaS95QQeV4IoVo1hHYNk0w0u2doRTljTas78RytiGay0Zx-O0LHpdyT2qO1fImOWimYkKJdoZ83dxkAu1Sg4OTxjzDbKUT88Qz3KQKuNWQ7YgexhHl7hm10eA1pgjlvcQXT6CDjh7oRsVtyiGs8JQdlxg8Q1nczHlKccxr3rMW02YLNONeUNIUduKfjsZZzDnZ8hV54OxZ4_bieoNtPlzcXn5vrr1dfLj5cNwMnYm4G3zEvBFdOE84HCrLvLAjtndXMe6aEhM7TtrfUKm6l9b120vU9cAlcUXaCTg-5m5y-L_W-ZgplgHG0EdJSDFWdYpSI-rH_R4UgHVMdq-i7v9D7tORYH2JaQhTjSui2UvRADTmVksGbTQ6TzVtDidmbNQezppo1e7NmV3vePiYv_QTud8eTygq0B6Bs9hYg_xn979RfnmCwlA</recordid><startdate>2017</startdate><enddate>2017</enddate><creator>Pop, L. C.</creator><creator>Sukumar, D.</creator><creator>Schneider, S. H.</creator><creator>Schlussel, Y.</creator><creator>Stahl, T.</creator><creator>Gordon, C.</creator><creator>Wang, X.</creator><creator>Papathomas, T. V.</creator><creator>Shapses, S. A.</creator><general>Springer London</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>2017</creationdate><title>Three doses of vitamin D, bone mineral density, and geometry in older women during modest weight control in a 1-year randomized controlled trial</title><author>Pop, L. C. ; Sukumar, D. ; Schneider, S. H. ; Schlussel, Y. ; Stahl, T. ; Gordon, C. ; Wang, X. ; Papathomas, T. V. ; Shapses, S. A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c405t-cf63f5548d9044c1e7b6ae59fda93ff3857e6f12ba1a84a7afb9d7dbbe47e4813</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>25-Hydroxyvitamin D</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Anthropometry - methods</topic><topic>Body Composition - physiology</topic><topic>Body mass index</topic><topic>Body weight</topic><topic>Body Weight - physiology</topic><topic>Bone density</topic><topic>Bone Density - drug effects</topic><topic>Bone Density - physiology</topic><topic>Bone Density Conservation Agents - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Bone Density Conservation Agents - pharmacology</topic><topic>Bone loss</topic><topic>Bone mineral density</topic><topic>Bone turnover</topic><topic>Cholecalciferol - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Cholecalciferol - pharmacology</topic><topic>Cortical bone</topic><topic>Diet, Reducing - adverse effects</topic><topic>Dietary Supplements</topic><topic>Dose-Response Relationship, Drug</topic><topic>Double-Blind Method</topic><topic>Endocrinology</topic><topic>Exercise - physiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Mechanical properties</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Obesity - physiopathology</topic><topic>Obesity - therapy</topic><topic>Older people</topic><topic>Original Article</topic><topic>Orthopedics</topic><topic>Osteoporosis</topic><topic>Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal - etiology</topic><topic>Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal - prevention & control</topic><topic>Overweight</topic><topic>Post-menopause</topic><topic>Postmenopause - physiology</topic><topic>Rheumatology</topic><topic>Supplements</topic><topic>Tibia</topic><topic>Vitamin D</topic><topic>Vitamin D3</topic><topic>Weight Loss - physiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Pop, L. C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sukumar, D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schneider, S. H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schlussel, Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stahl, T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gordon, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, X.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Papathomas, T. V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shapses, S. A.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Public Health Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Osteoporosis international</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Pop, L. C.</au><au>Sukumar, D.</au><au>Schneider, S. H.</au><au>Schlussel, Y.</au><au>Stahl, T.</au><au>Gordon, C.</au><au>Wang, X.</au><au>Papathomas, T. V.</au><au>Shapses, S. A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Three doses of vitamin D, bone mineral density, and geometry in older women during modest weight control in a 1-year randomized controlled trial</atitle><jtitle>Osteoporosis international</jtitle><stitle>Osteoporos Int</stitle><addtitle>Osteoporos Int</addtitle><date>2017</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>28</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>377</spage><epage>388</epage><pages>377-388</pages><issn>0937-941X</issn><eissn>1433-2965</eissn><abstract>Summary
The effects of higher than recommended vitamin D doses on bone mineral density (BMD) and quality are not known. In this study, higher intakes, in postmenopausal women undergoing weight control over 1 year, had no effect on areal or volumetric BMD but prevented the deterioration in cortical bone geometry.
Introduction
Studies examining how bone responds to a standard dose of vitamin D supplementation have been inconsistent. In addition, the effects of higher doses on BMD and quality are not known. Postmenopausal women undergoing weight control to improve health outcomes are particularly at risk for bone loss and might benefit from supplemental vitamin D intake above the recommended allowance.
Methods
This 1-year-long, randomized, double-blind controlled study addresses whether vitamin D supplementation, in healthy overweight/obese older women, affects BMD and bone structural parameters. In addition, bone turnover and serum total, free, and bioavailable 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) responses to one of three daily levels of vitamin D
3
(600, 2000, 4000 IU) with 1.2 Ca g/day during weight control were examined.
Results
Fifty-eight women (age, 58 ± 6 years; body mass index, 30.2 ± 3.8 kg/m
2
, serum 25OHD, 27.3 ± 4.4 ng/mL) were randomized to treatment. After 1 year, serum 25OHD concentrations increased to 26.5 ± 4.4, 35.9 ± 4.5, and 41.5 ± 6.9 ng/mL, in groups 600, 2000, and 4000 IU, respectively, and differed between groups (
p
< 0.01). Weight change was similar between groups (−3.0 ± 4.1 %). Cortical (Ct) thickness of the tibia changed by −1.5 ± 5.1 %, +0.6 ± 3.2 %, and +2.0 ± 4.5 % in groups 600, 2000, and 4000 IU, respectively, and each group was significantly different from each other (
p
< 0.05).
Conclusion
The decline in Ct thickness was prevented with higher vitamin D
3
supplementation, but there were no other significant changes due to treatment over 1 year. Whether these findings translate to changes in biomechanical properties leading to reduced fracture risk should be addressed in future studies.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Springer London</pub><pmid>27535752</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00198-016-3735-z</doi><tpages>12</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
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| ispartof | Osteoporosis international, 2017, Vol.28 (1), p.377-388 |
| issn | 0937-941X 1433-2965 |
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| source | MEDLINE; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Aged Anthropometry - methods Body Composition - physiology Body mass index Body weight Body Weight - physiology Bone density Bone Density - drug effects Bone Density - physiology Bone Density Conservation Agents - administration & dosage Bone Density Conservation Agents - pharmacology Bone loss Bone mineral density Bone turnover Cholecalciferol - administration & dosage Cholecalciferol - pharmacology Cortical bone Diet, Reducing - adverse effects Dietary Supplements Dose-Response Relationship, Drug Double-Blind Method Endocrinology Exercise - physiology Female Humans Mechanical properties Medicine Medicine & Public Health Middle Aged Obesity - physiopathology Obesity - therapy Older people Original Article Orthopedics Osteoporosis Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal - etiology Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal - prevention & control Overweight Post-menopause Postmenopause - physiology Rheumatology Supplements Tibia Vitamin D Vitamin D3 Weight Loss - physiology |
| title | Three doses of vitamin D, bone mineral density, and geometry in older women during modest weight control in a 1-year randomized controlled trial |
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