Species, community, and ecosystem-level responses following the invasion of the red alga Dasysiphonia japonica to the western North Atlantic Ocean

Species invasions have been increasing in frequency worldwide, yet critical gaps remain in our understanding of how invaders affect community structure and ecosystem functioning, particularly during the initial stages of invasion. Even less is known about changes in the invader that may take place i...

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Veröffentlicht in:Biological invasions 2017-02, Vol.19 (2), p.537-547
Hauptverfasser: Ramsay-Newton, Christine, Drouin, Annick, Hughes, A. Randall, Bracken, Matthew E. S.
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container_title Biological invasions
container_volume 19
creator Ramsay-Newton, Christine
Drouin, Annick
Hughes, A. Randall
Bracken, Matthew E. S.
description Species invasions have been increasing in frequency worldwide, yet critical gaps remain in our understanding of how invaders affect community structure and ecosystem functioning, particularly during the initial stages of invasion. Even less is known about changes in the invader that may take place immediately following an invasion. This study examined the recent invasion of the red macroalga Dasysiphonia (formerly, Heterosiphonia ) japonica to the western North Atlantic Ocean with the aim of filling in gaps in our understanding of the impacts that invasive seaweeds have at the species, community and ecosystem levels immediately following their establishment. Within 5 years of invasion, community composition had changed and biodiversity had decreased to nearly half of pre-invasion levels. In addition, the relative proportion of Dasysiphonia decreased by 35% over our four-year study from initially high levels shortly after establishment. We found evidence that functional traits of this initially aggressive invader changed over time, as it ultimately became a less aggressive, co-inhabiting member of the local algal community, particularly with respect to nutrient uptake and relative abundances, although native diversity remained low relative to pre-invasion levels. Using these realistic changes in community structure, including decreases in biodiversity, we also showed that nutrient uptake of algal assemblages changed over time, suggesting changes in the functional characteristics of invaded communities, with implications for ecosystem-level processes such as nutrient fluxes. This study provides rare empirical evidence about the successional stages occurring at the individual, community, and ecosystem levels during the first 5 years of an invasion.
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subjects Algae
Biodiversity
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Community composition
Community ecology
Community structure
Dasysiphonia
Developmental Biology
Ecological function
Ecology
Ecosystems
Freshwater & Marine Ecology
Heterosiphonia japonica
Invasive species
Life Sciences
Nonnative species
Nutrient uptake
Original Paper
Plant Sciences
title Species, community, and ecosystem-level responses following the invasion of the red alga Dasysiphonia japonica to the western North Atlantic Ocean
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