Nonallergic rhinitis and lower airway disease
In the past years, several investigators have demonstrated the existence of local nasal responses in some patients with typical allergic rhinitis symptoms but without atopy and have defined a new phenotype called local allergic rhinitis (LAR) or ‘entopy’. In a percentage of LAR subjects, the upper a...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Allergy (Copenhagen) 2017-01, Vol.72 (1), p.24-34 |
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| creator | Rondón, C. Bogas, G. Barrionuevo, E. Blanca, M. Torres, M. J. Campo, P. |
| description | In the past years, several investigators have demonstrated the existence of local nasal responses in some patients with typical allergic rhinitis symptoms but without atopy and have defined a new phenotype called local allergic rhinitis (LAR) or ‘entopy’. In a percentage of LAR subjects, the upper airway disease is also associated with lower airway symptoms. After the description of this phenotype, the differential diagnosis between LAR and nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) has become a challenge for the clinician. To correctly identify LAR patients is of high importance for treatment and management of these patients, and for an appropriate inclusion of patients in clinical trials and genetics studies. The treatment of LAR patients, in contrast with NAR, is oriented to allergen avoidance and specific treatment. Allergen immunotherapy, the aetiological treatment for allergic respiratory diseases, has demonstrated to be an effective and safe treatment in LAR, increasing immunological tolerance, and reducing the clinical symptoms and the use of medication. In this article, the important and novel aspects of LAR in terms of mechanisms, diagnosis and treatment will be discussed. Also, the involvement of the lower airway and the potential role of IgE in the bronchial disease will be also reviewed. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/all.12988 |
| format | Article |
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J. ; Campo, P.</creator><creatorcontrib>Rondón, C. ; Bogas, G. ; Barrionuevo, E. ; Blanca, M. ; Torres, M. J. ; Campo, P.</creatorcontrib><description>In the past years, several investigators have demonstrated the existence of local nasal responses in some patients with typical allergic rhinitis symptoms but without atopy and have defined a new phenotype called local allergic rhinitis (LAR) or ‘entopy’. In a percentage of LAR subjects, the upper airway disease is also associated with lower airway symptoms. After the description of this phenotype, the differential diagnosis between LAR and nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) has become a challenge for the clinician. To correctly identify LAR patients is of high importance for treatment and management of these patients, and for an appropriate inclusion of patients in clinical trials and genetics studies. The treatment of LAR patients, in contrast with NAR, is oriented to allergen avoidance and specific treatment. Allergen immunotherapy, the aetiological treatment for allergic respiratory diseases, has demonstrated to be an effective and safe treatment in LAR, increasing immunological tolerance, and reducing the clinical symptoms and the use of medication. In this article, the important and novel aspects of LAR in terms of mechanisms, diagnosis and treatment will be discussed. Also, the involvement of the lower airway and the potential role of IgE in the bronchial disease will be also reviewed.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0105-4538</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1398-9995</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/all.12988</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27439024</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Denmark: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>allergen immunotherapy ; Allergies ; asthma ; Asthma - diagnosis ; Asthma - etiology ; Basophils - immunology ; Basophils - metabolism ; Biomarkers ; Cell Adhesion Molecules - metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E - immunology ; local allergic rhinitis ; local IgE ; Medical diagnosis ; Medical treatment ; Nasal Mucosa - immunology ; Nasal Mucosa - metabolism ; nonallergic rhinitis ; Nose ; Phenotype ; Respiratory diseases ; Respiratory Tract Diseases - diagnosis ; Respiratory Tract Diseases - etiology ; Respiratory Tract Diseases - metabolism ; Respiratory Tract Diseases - therapy ; Rhinitis - diagnosis ; Rhinitis - etiology ; Rhinitis - metabolism ; Rhinitis - therapy</subject><ispartof>Allergy (Copenhagen), 2017-01, Vol.72 (1), p.24-34</ispartof><rights>2016 John Wiley & Sons A/S. 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J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Campo, P.</creatorcontrib><title>Nonallergic rhinitis and lower airway disease</title><title>Allergy (Copenhagen)</title><addtitle>Allergy</addtitle><description>In the past years, several investigators have demonstrated the existence of local nasal responses in some patients with typical allergic rhinitis symptoms but without atopy and have defined a new phenotype called local allergic rhinitis (LAR) or ‘entopy’. In a percentage of LAR subjects, the upper airway disease is also associated with lower airway symptoms. After the description of this phenotype, the differential diagnosis between LAR and nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) has become a challenge for the clinician. To correctly identify LAR patients is of high importance for treatment and management of these patients, and for an appropriate inclusion of patients in clinical trials and genetics studies. The treatment of LAR patients, in contrast with NAR, is oriented to allergen avoidance and specific treatment. Allergen immunotherapy, the aetiological treatment for allergic respiratory diseases, has demonstrated to be an effective and safe treatment in LAR, increasing immunological tolerance, and reducing the clinical symptoms and the use of medication. In this article, the important and novel aspects of LAR in terms of mechanisms, diagnosis and treatment will be discussed. Also, the involvement of the lower airway and the potential role of IgE in the bronchial disease will be also reviewed.</description><subject>allergen immunotherapy</subject><subject>Allergies</subject><subject>asthma</subject><subject>Asthma - diagnosis</subject><subject>Asthma - etiology</subject><subject>Basophils - immunology</subject><subject>Basophils - metabolism</subject><subject>Biomarkers</subject><subject>Cell Adhesion Molecules - metabolism</subject><subject>Diagnosis, Differential</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunoglobulin E - immunology</subject><subject>local allergic rhinitis</subject><subject>local IgE</subject><subject>Medical diagnosis</subject><subject>Medical treatment</subject><subject>Nasal Mucosa - immunology</subject><subject>Nasal Mucosa - metabolism</subject><subject>nonallergic rhinitis</subject><subject>Nose</subject><subject>Phenotype</subject><subject>Respiratory diseases</subject><subject>Respiratory Tract Diseases - diagnosis</subject><subject>Respiratory Tract Diseases - etiology</subject><subject>Respiratory Tract Diseases - metabolism</subject><subject>Respiratory Tract Diseases - therapy</subject><subject>Rhinitis - diagnosis</subject><subject>Rhinitis - etiology</subject><subject>Rhinitis - metabolism</subject><subject>Rhinitis - therapy</subject><issn>0105-4538</issn><issn>1398-9995</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqN0MtKw0AUBuBBFFurC19AAm50kXZumctSijcIutH1MElOdEqa1JmG0rd3aqoLQfAs5my--eH8CJ0TPCVxZrZppoRqpQ7QmDCtUq11dojGmOAs5RlTI3QSwgJjLKnGx2hEJWcaUz5G6VPXxu_g31yZ-HfXurULiW2rpOk24BPr_MZuk8oFsAFO0VFtmwBn-z1Br3e3L_OHNH--f5zf5GnJKVEpLwkvMYia1pmidUUKrWtOaomJFFgWiitWAq4EWA6WWVFWlvP4Uip1YYFN0NWQu_LdRw9hbZYulNA0toWuD4aoLIu3cM7-QamQlHElI738RRdd7-P5O8UVxkILEdX1oErfheChNivvltZvDcFmV7eJfZmvuqO92Cf2xRKqH_ndbwSzAWxcA9u_k8xNng-Rn35whxY</recordid><startdate>201701</startdate><enddate>201701</enddate><creator>Rondón, C.</creator><creator>Bogas, G.</creator><creator>Barrionuevo, E.</creator><creator>Blanca, M.</creator><creator>Torres, M. J.</creator><creator>Campo, P.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201701</creationdate><title>Nonallergic rhinitis and lower airway disease</title><author>Rondón, C. ; Bogas, G. ; Barrionuevo, E. ; Blanca, M. ; Torres, M. J. ; Campo, P.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4218-4c14c0e6f2f582fd1b99f41f7017607b8483ce0d6ea4ea3a6cda446cd2279bae3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>allergen immunotherapy</topic><topic>Allergies</topic><topic>asthma</topic><topic>Asthma - diagnosis</topic><topic>Asthma - etiology</topic><topic>Basophils - immunology</topic><topic>Basophils - metabolism</topic><topic>Biomarkers</topic><topic>Cell Adhesion Molecules - metabolism</topic><topic>Diagnosis, Differential</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunoglobulin E - immunology</topic><topic>local allergic rhinitis</topic><topic>local IgE</topic><topic>Medical diagnosis</topic><topic>Medical treatment</topic><topic>Nasal Mucosa - immunology</topic><topic>Nasal Mucosa - metabolism</topic><topic>nonallergic rhinitis</topic><topic>Nose</topic><topic>Phenotype</topic><topic>Respiratory diseases</topic><topic>Respiratory Tract Diseases - diagnosis</topic><topic>Respiratory Tract Diseases - etiology</topic><topic>Respiratory Tract Diseases - metabolism</topic><topic>Respiratory Tract Diseases - therapy</topic><topic>Rhinitis - diagnosis</topic><topic>Rhinitis - etiology</topic><topic>Rhinitis - metabolism</topic><topic>Rhinitis - therapy</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Rondón, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bogas, G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barrionuevo, E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Blanca, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Torres, M. 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To correctly identify LAR patients is of high importance for treatment and management of these patients, and for an appropriate inclusion of patients in clinical trials and genetics studies. The treatment of LAR patients, in contrast with NAR, is oriented to allergen avoidance and specific treatment. Allergen immunotherapy, the aetiological treatment for allergic respiratory diseases, has demonstrated to be an effective and safe treatment in LAR, increasing immunological tolerance, and reducing the clinical symptoms and the use of medication. In this article, the important and novel aspects of LAR in terms of mechanisms, diagnosis and treatment will be discussed. Also, the involvement of the lower airway and the potential role of IgE in the bronchial disease will be also reviewed.</abstract><cop>Denmark</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>27439024</pmid><doi>10.1111/all.12988</doi><tpages>11</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | allergen immunotherapy Allergies asthma Asthma - diagnosis Asthma - etiology Basophils - immunology Basophils - metabolism Biomarkers Cell Adhesion Molecules - metabolism Diagnosis, Differential Humans Immunoglobulin E - immunology local allergic rhinitis local IgE Medical diagnosis Medical treatment Nasal Mucosa - immunology Nasal Mucosa - metabolism nonallergic rhinitis Nose Phenotype Respiratory diseases Respiratory Tract Diseases - diagnosis Respiratory Tract Diseases - etiology Respiratory Tract Diseases - metabolism Respiratory Tract Diseases - therapy Rhinitis - diagnosis Rhinitis - etiology Rhinitis - metabolism Rhinitis - therapy |
| title | Nonallergic rhinitis and lower airway disease |
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