Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye by zinc oxide nanoparticles obtained from precipitation and sol-gel methods
Zinc oxide ( ZnO) nanoparticles were synthesized by precipitation and sol-gel methods. The aim of this study was to understand how different synthetic methods can affect the photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanoparticles. As-synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) a...
Gespeichert in:
Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental science and pollution research international 2016-12, Vol.23 (24), p.25485-25493 |
---|---|
Hauptverfasser: | , , |
Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
container_end_page | 25493 |
---|---|
container_issue | 24 |
container_start_page | 25485 |
container_title | Environmental science and pollution research international |
container_volume | 23 |
creator | Balcha, Abebe Yadav, Om Prakash Dey, Tania |
description | Zinc oxide
(
ZnO) nanoparticles were synthesized by precipitation and sol-gel methods. The aim of this study was to understand how different synthetic methods can affect the photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanoparticles. As-synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-Visible spectroscopic techniques. XRD patterns of ZnO powders synthesized by precipitation and sol-gel methods revealed their hexagonal wurtzite structure with crystallite sizes of 30 and 28 nm, respectively. Their photocatalytic activities were evaluated by photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue, a common water pollutant, under UV radiation. The effects of operational parameters such as photocatalyst load and initial concentration of the dye on photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue were investigated. While the degradation of dye decreased over the studied dye concentration range of 20 to 100 mg/L, an optimum photocatalyst load of 250 mg/L was needed to achieve dye degradation as high as 81 and 92.5 % for ZnO prepared by precipitation and sol-gel methods, respectively. Assuming pseudo first-order reaction kinetics, this corresponded to rate constants of 8.4 × 10
−3
and 12.4 × 10
−3
min
−1
, respectively. Hence, sol-gel method is preferred over precipitation method in order to achieve higher photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanostructures. Photocatalytic activity is further augmented by better choice of capping ligand for colloidal stabilization, starch being more effective than polyethylene glycol (PEG). |
doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11356-016-7750-6 |
format | Article |
fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1850770824</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>1850770824</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c442t-578e18ad2b428dd1ab331298127aa3684f988522105bf51f32687a734440d3f73</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kV1r1jAYhoMo7t3mD_BEAp54EpevNumhDD8GA3fgjkPaPH2XkSY1acGKP97MThHBowRy3XeS50LoJaNvGaXqojAmmpZQ1hKlGkraJ-jAWiaJkl33FB1oJyVhQsoTdFrKPaWcdlw9RydcKSqF6g7ox81dWtJgFxu2xQ_YwTFbZxefIk4jnmC52wJEwH1YAbutbjb83ccBp2_eAY42ptnmGg1QcOoX6yM4POY04TnD4Ge_7G02OlxSIEcIv2qTK-fo2WhDgReP6xm6_fD-y-Uncv3549Xlu2sySMkX0igNTFvHe8m1c8z2QjDeacaVtaLVcuy0bjhntOnHho2Ct1pZVf8tqROjEmfozd475_R1hbKYyZcBQrAR0loM0w2tE9FcVvT1P-h9WnOsr6tUS7Wuo-sqxXZqyKmUDKOZs59s3gyj5kGN2dWYqsY8qDFtzbx6bF77CdyfxG8XFeA7UOpRPEL-6-r_tv4EmESZvw</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1860882779</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye by zinc oxide nanoparticles obtained from precipitation and sol-gel methods</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerLink_现刊</source><creator>Balcha, Abebe ; Yadav, Om Prakash ; Dey, Tania</creator><creatorcontrib>Balcha, Abebe ; Yadav, Om Prakash ; Dey, Tania</creatorcontrib><description>Zinc oxide
(
ZnO) nanoparticles were synthesized by precipitation and sol-gel methods. The aim of this study was to understand how different synthetic methods can affect the photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanoparticles. As-synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-Visible spectroscopic techniques. XRD patterns of ZnO powders synthesized by precipitation and sol-gel methods revealed their hexagonal wurtzite structure with crystallite sizes of 30 and 28 nm, respectively. Their photocatalytic activities were evaluated by photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue, a common water pollutant, under UV radiation. The effects of operational parameters such as photocatalyst load and initial concentration of the dye on photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue were investigated. While the degradation of dye decreased over the studied dye concentration range of 20 to 100 mg/L, an optimum photocatalyst load of 250 mg/L was needed to achieve dye degradation as high as 81 and 92.5 % for ZnO prepared by precipitation and sol-gel methods, respectively. Assuming pseudo first-order reaction kinetics, this corresponded to rate constants of 8.4 × 10
−3
and 12.4 × 10
−3
min
−1
, respectively. Hence, sol-gel method is preferred over precipitation method in order to achieve higher photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanostructures. Photocatalytic activity is further augmented by better choice of capping ligand for colloidal stabilization, starch being more effective than polyethylene glycol (PEG).</description><identifier>ISSN: 0944-1344</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1614-7499</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7750-6</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27704379</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Aquatic Pollution ; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution ; Catalysis ; Catalysts ; Chemical Precipitation ; Chemicals ; Crystals ; Degradation ; Dyes ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Ecotoxicology ; Effluents ; Environment ; Environmental Chemistry ; Environmental Health ; Environmental science ; Kinetics ; Methylene blue ; Methylene Blue - chemistry ; Nanoparticles ; Nanoparticles - chemistry ; Phase Transition ; Photodegradation ; Photolysis ; Pollutants ; Polyethylene glycol ; Research Article ; Semiconductors ; Spectrum Analysis - methods ; Studies ; Ultraviolet radiation ; Waste Water Technology ; Water Management ; Water pollution ; Water Pollution Control ; X-Ray Diffraction ; Zinc oxide ; Zinc Oxide - chemistry ; Zinc oxides</subject><ispartof>Environmental science and pollution research international, 2016-12, Vol.23 (24), p.25485-25493</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016</rights><rights>Environmental Science and Pollution Research is a copyright of Springer, 2016.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c442t-578e18ad2b428dd1ab331298127aa3684f988522105bf51f32687a734440d3f73</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c442t-578e18ad2b428dd1ab331298127aa3684f988522105bf51f32687a734440d3f73</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11356-016-7750-6$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11356-016-7750-6$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27704379$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Balcha, Abebe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yadav, Om Prakash</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dey, Tania</creatorcontrib><title>Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye by zinc oxide nanoparticles obtained from precipitation and sol-gel methods</title><title>Environmental science and pollution research international</title><addtitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res</addtitle><addtitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res Int</addtitle><description>Zinc oxide
(
ZnO) nanoparticles were synthesized by precipitation and sol-gel methods. The aim of this study was to understand how different synthetic methods can affect the photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanoparticles. As-synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-Visible spectroscopic techniques. XRD patterns of ZnO powders synthesized by precipitation and sol-gel methods revealed their hexagonal wurtzite structure with crystallite sizes of 30 and 28 nm, respectively. Their photocatalytic activities were evaluated by photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue, a common water pollutant, under UV radiation. The effects of operational parameters such as photocatalyst load and initial concentration of the dye on photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue were investigated. While the degradation of dye decreased over the studied dye concentration range of 20 to 100 mg/L, an optimum photocatalyst load of 250 mg/L was needed to achieve dye degradation as high as 81 and 92.5 % for ZnO prepared by precipitation and sol-gel methods, respectively. Assuming pseudo first-order reaction kinetics, this corresponded to rate constants of 8.4 × 10
−3
and 12.4 × 10
−3
min
−1
, respectively. Hence, sol-gel method is preferred over precipitation method in order to achieve higher photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanostructures. Photocatalytic activity is further augmented by better choice of capping ligand for colloidal stabilization, starch being more effective than polyethylene glycol (PEG).</description><subject>Aquatic Pollution</subject><subject>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</subject><subject>Catalysis</subject><subject>Catalysts</subject><subject>Chemical Precipitation</subject><subject>Chemicals</subject><subject>Crystals</subject><subject>Degradation</subject><subject>Dyes</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Ecotoxicology</subject><subject>Effluents</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Environmental Chemistry</subject><subject>Environmental Health</subject><subject>Environmental science</subject><subject>Kinetics</subject><subject>Methylene blue</subject><subject>Methylene Blue - chemistry</subject><subject>Nanoparticles</subject><subject>Nanoparticles - chemistry</subject><subject>Phase Transition</subject><subject>Photodegradation</subject><subject>Photolysis</subject><subject>Pollutants</subject><subject>Polyethylene glycol</subject><subject>Research Article</subject><subject>Semiconductors</subject><subject>Spectrum Analysis - methods</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Ultraviolet radiation</subject><subject>Waste Water Technology</subject><subject>Water Management</subject><subject>Water pollution</subject><subject>Water Pollution Control</subject><subject>X-Ray Diffraction</subject><subject>Zinc oxide</subject><subject>Zinc Oxide - chemistry</subject><subject>Zinc oxides</subject><issn>0944-1344</issn><issn>1614-7499</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kV1r1jAYhoMo7t3mD_BEAp54EpevNumhDD8GA3fgjkPaPH2XkSY1acGKP97MThHBowRy3XeS50LoJaNvGaXqojAmmpZQ1hKlGkraJ-jAWiaJkl33FB1oJyVhQsoTdFrKPaWcdlw9RydcKSqF6g7ox81dWtJgFxu2xQ_YwTFbZxefIk4jnmC52wJEwH1YAbutbjb83ccBp2_eAY42ptnmGg1QcOoX6yM4POY04TnD4Ge_7G02OlxSIEcIv2qTK-fo2WhDgReP6xm6_fD-y-Uncv3549Xlu2sySMkX0igNTFvHe8m1c8z2QjDeacaVtaLVcuy0bjhntOnHho2Ct1pZVf8tqROjEmfozd475_R1hbKYyZcBQrAR0loM0w2tE9FcVvT1P-h9WnOsr6tUS7Wuo-sqxXZqyKmUDKOZs59s3gyj5kGN2dWYqsY8qDFtzbx6bF77CdyfxG8XFeA7UOpRPEL-6-r_tv4EmESZvw</recordid><startdate>20161201</startdate><enddate>20161201</enddate><creator>Balcha, Abebe</creator><creator>Yadav, Om Prakash</creator><creator>Dey, Tania</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7WY</scope><scope>7WZ</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>87Z</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8FL</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BEZIV</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FRNLG</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>F~G</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K60</scope><scope>K6~</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L.-</scope><scope>M0C</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQBIZ</scope><scope>PQBZA</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20161201</creationdate><title>Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye by zinc oxide nanoparticles obtained from precipitation and sol-gel methods</title><author>Balcha, Abebe ; Yadav, Om Prakash ; Dey, Tania</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c442t-578e18ad2b428dd1ab331298127aa3684f988522105bf51f32687a734440d3f73</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Aquatic Pollution</topic><topic>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</topic><topic>Catalysis</topic><topic>Catalysts</topic><topic>Chemical Precipitation</topic><topic>Chemicals</topic><topic>Crystals</topic><topic>Degradation</topic><topic>Dyes</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Ecotoxicology</topic><topic>Effluents</topic><topic>Environment</topic><topic>Environmental Chemistry</topic><topic>Environmental Health</topic><topic>Environmental science</topic><topic>Kinetics</topic><topic>Methylene blue</topic><topic>Methylene Blue - chemistry</topic><topic>Nanoparticles</topic><topic>Nanoparticles - chemistry</topic><topic>Phase Transition</topic><topic>Photodegradation</topic><topic>Photolysis</topic><topic>Pollutants</topic><topic>Polyethylene glycol</topic><topic>Research Article</topic><topic>Semiconductors</topic><topic>Spectrum Analysis - methods</topic><topic>Studies</topic><topic>Ultraviolet radiation</topic><topic>Waste Water Technology</topic><topic>Water Management</topic><topic>Water pollution</topic><topic>Water Pollution Control</topic><topic>X-Ray Diffraction</topic><topic>Zinc oxide</topic><topic>Zinc Oxide - chemistry</topic><topic>Zinc oxides</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Balcha, Abebe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yadav, Om Prakash</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dey, Tania</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Collection (ProQuest)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (PDF only)</collection><collection>ProQuest_Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Collection</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Premium Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Business Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Professional Advanced</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>PML(ProQuest Medical Library)</collection><collection>ProQuest Science Journals</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Business</collection><collection>ProQuest One Business (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><jtitle>Environmental science and pollution research international</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Balcha, Abebe</au><au>Yadav, Om Prakash</au><au>Dey, Tania</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye by zinc oxide nanoparticles obtained from precipitation and sol-gel methods</atitle><jtitle>Environmental science and pollution research international</jtitle><stitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res</stitle><addtitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res Int</addtitle><date>2016-12-01</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>23</volume><issue>24</issue><spage>25485</spage><epage>25493</epage><pages>25485-25493</pages><issn>0944-1344</issn><eissn>1614-7499</eissn><abstract>Zinc oxide
(
ZnO) nanoparticles were synthesized by precipitation and sol-gel methods. The aim of this study was to understand how different synthetic methods can affect the photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanoparticles. As-synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-Visible spectroscopic techniques. XRD patterns of ZnO powders synthesized by precipitation and sol-gel methods revealed their hexagonal wurtzite structure with crystallite sizes of 30 and 28 nm, respectively. Their photocatalytic activities were evaluated by photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue, a common water pollutant, under UV radiation. The effects of operational parameters such as photocatalyst load and initial concentration of the dye on photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue were investigated. While the degradation of dye decreased over the studied dye concentration range of 20 to 100 mg/L, an optimum photocatalyst load of 250 mg/L was needed to achieve dye degradation as high as 81 and 92.5 % for ZnO prepared by precipitation and sol-gel methods, respectively. Assuming pseudo first-order reaction kinetics, this corresponded to rate constants of 8.4 × 10
−3
and 12.4 × 10
−3
min
−1
, respectively. Hence, sol-gel method is preferred over precipitation method in order to achieve higher photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanostructures. Photocatalytic activity is further augmented by better choice of capping ligand for colloidal stabilization, starch being more effective than polyethylene glycol (PEG).</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>27704379</pmid><doi>10.1007/s11356-016-7750-6</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
fulltext | fulltext |
identifier | ISSN: 0944-1344 |
ispartof | Environmental science and pollution research international, 2016-12, Vol.23 (24), p.25485-25493 |
issn | 0944-1344 1614-7499 |
language | eng |
recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1850770824 |
source | MEDLINE; SpringerLink_现刊 |
subjects | Aquatic Pollution Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Catalysis Catalysts Chemical Precipitation Chemicals Crystals Degradation Dyes Earth and Environmental Science Ecotoxicology Effluents Environment Environmental Chemistry Environmental Health Environmental science Kinetics Methylene blue Methylene Blue - chemistry Nanoparticles Nanoparticles - chemistry Phase Transition Photodegradation Photolysis Pollutants Polyethylene glycol Research Article Semiconductors Spectrum Analysis - methods Studies Ultraviolet radiation Waste Water Technology Water Management Water pollution Water Pollution Control X-Ray Diffraction Zinc oxide Zinc Oxide - chemistry Zinc oxides |
title | Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye by zinc oxide nanoparticles obtained from precipitation and sol-gel methods |
url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-25T07%3A37%3A57IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Photocatalytic%20degradation%20of%20methylene%20blue%20dye%20by%20zinc%20oxide%20nanoparticles%20obtained%20from%20precipitation%20and%20sol-gel%20methods&rft.jtitle=Environmental%20science%20and%20pollution%20research%20international&rft.au=Balcha,%20Abebe&rft.date=2016-12-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=25485&rft.epage=25493&rft.pages=25485-25493&rft.issn=0944-1344&rft.eissn=1614-7499&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/s11356-016-7750-6&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E1850770824%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1860882779&rft_id=info:pmid/27704379&rfr_iscdi=true |