Low-density lipoprotein particle size, central obesity, cardiovascular fitness, and insulin resistance syndrome markers in obese youths
OBJECTIVE: (1) To determine the prevalence of small dense low-density lipoprotein (SDLDL) particles in obese youths and (2) to compare youths with SDLDL and large buoyant LDL (LBLDL) subclass phenotypes in total body and abdominal fatness, cardiovascular (CV) fitness, and markers of the insulin resi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International Journal of Obesity 2002-08, Vol.26 (8), p.1030-1035 |
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| creator | Kang, H.S Gutin, B Barbeau, P Litaker, M.S Allison, J Le, N.A |
| description | OBJECTIVE: (1) To determine the prevalence of small dense low-density lipoprotein (SDLDL) particles in obese youths and (2) to compare youths with SDLDL and large buoyant LDL (LBLDL) subclass phenotypes in total body and abdominal fatness, cardiovascular (CV) fitness, and markers of the insulin resistance syndrome (IRS). DESIGN: For group comparisons, subjects were dichotomized into either SDLDL phenotype group or LBDL phenotype group based on LDL particle size. SUBJECTS: Obese 13 to 16-y-olds (n=80) who had a triceps skinfold greater than the 85th percentile for gender, ethnicity, and age. MEASUREMENTS: LDL particle size, plasma lipids and lipoprotein concentrations, plasma glucose and insulin concentrations, and blood pressures; percentage body fat, visceral adipose tissue (VAT); VO2 at a heart rate of 170 bpm as an index of CV fitness. RESULTS: The prevalence of the SDLDL phenotype was 54% among the 80 obese youths. Although overall body fatness (ie BMI and percentage body fat) and CV fitness were similar between the two LDL phenotype groups, the SDLDL phenotype group had significantly higher weight, waist circumference and VAT than the LBLDL phenotype group. With respect to the IRS markers, youths with the SDLDL phenotype had significantly higher triacylglycerol (TAG), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDLC), apolipoprotein B (apo B), and total cholesterol-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio (TC/HDLC) than youths with the LBLDL phenotype. LDL particle size as a continuous variable was significantly correlated with TAG, VLDLC, apo B, HDLC, and TC/HDLC. Plasma TAG and HDLC concentrations were independent predictors of LDL particle size. CONCLUSION: (1) The SDLDL phenotype was common in obese youths and (2) the relationships of LDL particle size with several of the IRS markers suggested that already in adolescence the expression of the SDLDL phenotype might be an important risk factor for future coronary heart disease mortality and morbidity. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802045 |
| format | Article |
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DESIGN: For group comparisons, subjects were dichotomized into either SDLDL phenotype group or LBDL phenotype group based on LDL particle size. SUBJECTS: Obese 13 to 16-y-olds (n=80) who had a triceps skinfold greater than the 85th percentile for gender, ethnicity, and age. MEASUREMENTS: LDL particle size, plasma lipids and lipoprotein concentrations, plasma glucose and insulin concentrations, and blood pressures; percentage body fat, visceral adipose tissue (VAT); VO2 at a heart rate of 170 bpm as an index of CV fitness. RESULTS: The prevalence of the SDLDL phenotype was 54% among the 80 obese youths. Although overall body fatness (ie BMI and percentage body fat) and CV fitness were similar between the two LDL phenotype groups, the SDLDL phenotype group had significantly higher weight, waist circumference and VAT than the LBLDL phenotype group. With respect to the IRS markers, youths with the SDLDL phenotype had significantly higher triacylglycerol (TAG), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDLC), apolipoprotein B (apo B), and total cholesterol-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio (TC/HDLC) than youths with the LBLDL phenotype. LDL particle size as a continuous variable was significantly correlated with TAG, VLDLC, apo B, HDLC, and TC/HDLC. Plasma TAG and HDLC concentrations were independent predictors of LDL particle size. CONCLUSION: (1) The SDLDL phenotype was common in obese youths and (2) the relationships of LDL particle size with several of the IRS markers suggested that already in adolescence the expression of the SDLDL phenotype might be an important risk factor for future coronary heart disease mortality and morbidity.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0307-0565</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1476-5497</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802045</identifier><identifier>PMID: 12119567</identifier><identifier>CODEN: IJOBDP</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basingstoke: Nature Publishing Group</publisher><subject>Abdomen ; Adipose Tissue ; adolescence ; Adolescent ; apolipoprotein B ; Apolipoproteins ; Apolipoproteins - blood ; Biological and medical sciences ; Black or African American ; Black People - genetics ; blood glucose ; blood lipids ; Blood Pressure ; Body Composition ; Body fat ; body mass index ; Cardiovascular disease ; Cardiovascular diseases ; Child development ; Cholesterol ; Cholesterol - blood ; Cholesterol, LDL - blood ; Cholesterol, LDL - chemistry ; coronary disease ; Ethnicity ; Female ; gender ; Genotype & phenotype ; Georgia - epidemiology ; Heart rate ; Hemodynamics - physiology ; Humans ; insulin ; Insulin resistance ; Insulin Resistance - genetics ; Laboratories ; Lipids ; Lipoproteins ; Lipoproteins - blood ; low density lipoprotein ; Male ; Medical schools ; Medical sciences ; Metabolic diseases ; morbidity ; mortality ; nationalities and ethnic groups ; Obesity ; Obesity - blood ; Obesity - epidemiology ; Obesity - genetics ; Particle Size ; Phenotype ; Physical Fitness ; Plasma ; Prevalence ; Risk factors ; Skinfold Thickness ; triacylglycerols ; waist circumference ; White People - genetics ; youth</subject><ispartof>International Journal of Obesity, 2002-08, Vol.26 (8), p.1030-1035</ispartof><rights>2002 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Nature Publishing Group Aug 2002</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c509t-b38fa653b2d3b543de9535649e8151ec5114849adff4e9d74a67a5c7fd5de2af3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c509t-b38fa653b2d3b543de9535649e8151ec5114849adff4e9d74a67a5c7fd5de2af3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=13822765$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12119567$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kang, H.S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gutin, B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barbeau, P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Litaker, M.S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Allison, J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Le, N.A</creatorcontrib><title>Low-density lipoprotein particle size, central obesity, cardiovascular fitness, and insulin resistance syndrome markers in obese youths</title><title>International Journal of Obesity</title><addtitle>Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord</addtitle><description>OBJECTIVE: (1) To determine the prevalence of small dense low-density lipoprotein (SDLDL) particles in obese youths and (2) to compare youths with SDLDL and large buoyant LDL (LBLDL) subclass phenotypes in total body and abdominal fatness, cardiovascular (CV) fitness, and markers of the insulin resistance syndrome (IRS). DESIGN: For group comparisons, subjects were dichotomized into either SDLDL phenotype group or LBDL phenotype group based on LDL particle size. SUBJECTS: Obese 13 to 16-y-olds (n=80) who had a triceps skinfold greater than the 85th percentile for gender, ethnicity, and age. MEASUREMENTS: LDL particle size, plasma lipids and lipoprotein concentrations, plasma glucose and insulin concentrations, and blood pressures; percentage body fat, visceral adipose tissue (VAT); VO2 at a heart rate of 170 bpm as an index of CV fitness. RESULTS: The prevalence of the SDLDL phenotype was 54% among the 80 obese youths. Although overall body fatness (ie BMI and percentage body fat) and CV fitness were similar between the two LDL phenotype groups, the SDLDL phenotype group had significantly higher weight, waist circumference and VAT than the LBLDL phenotype group. With respect to the IRS markers, youths with the SDLDL phenotype had significantly higher triacylglycerol (TAG), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDLC), apolipoprotein B (apo B), and total cholesterol-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio (TC/HDLC) than youths with the LBLDL phenotype. LDL particle size as a continuous variable was significantly correlated with TAG, VLDLC, apo B, HDLC, and TC/HDLC. Plasma TAG and HDLC concentrations were independent predictors of LDL particle size. CONCLUSION: (1) The SDLDL phenotype was common in obese youths and (2) the relationships of LDL particle size with several of the IRS markers suggested that already in adolescence the expression of the SDLDL phenotype might be an important risk factor for future coronary heart disease mortality and morbidity.</description><subject>Abdomen</subject><subject>Adipose Tissue</subject><subject>adolescence</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>apolipoprotein B</subject><subject>Apolipoproteins</subject><subject>Apolipoproteins - blood</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Black or African American</subject><subject>Black People - genetics</subject><subject>blood glucose</subject><subject>blood lipids</subject><subject>Blood Pressure</subject><subject>Body Composition</subject><subject>Body fat</subject><subject>body mass index</subject><subject>Cardiovascular disease</subject><subject>Cardiovascular diseases</subject><subject>Child development</subject><subject>Cholesterol</subject><subject>Cholesterol - blood</subject><subject>Cholesterol, LDL - blood</subject><subject>Cholesterol, LDL - chemistry</subject><subject>coronary disease</subject><subject>Ethnicity</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>gender</subject><subject>Genotype & phenotype</subject><subject>Georgia - epidemiology</subject><subject>Heart rate</subject><subject>Hemodynamics - physiology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>insulin</subject><subject>Insulin resistance</subject><subject>Insulin Resistance - genetics</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Lipids</subject><subject>Lipoproteins</subject><subject>Lipoproteins - blood</subject><subject>low density lipoprotein</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical schools</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Metabolic diseases</subject><subject>morbidity</subject><subject>mortality</subject><subject>nationalities and ethnic groups</subject><subject>Obesity</subject><subject>Obesity - blood</subject><subject>Obesity - epidemiology</subject><subject>Obesity - genetics</subject><subject>Particle Size</subject><subject>Phenotype</subject><subject>Physical Fitness</subject><subject>Plasma</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>Skinfold Thickness</subject><subject>triacylglycerols</subject><subject>waist circumference</subject><subject>White People - genetics</subject><subject>youth</subject><issn>0307-0565</issn><issn>1476-5497</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2002</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNpd0V2L1DAUBuAgiju7euulBmG92o75aJrmUha_YMAL3euQNiea2mnGnFYZ_4B_24xTWPAqEJ7zkpyXkGecbTmT7WsctnFIW9YywWr1gGx4rZtK1UY_JBsmma6YatQFuUQcGGNKMfGYXHDBuVGN3pA_u_Sr8jBhnI90jId0yGmGONGDy3PsR6AYf8MN7WGasxtp6uBEy4XLPqafDvtldJmGOE-AeEPd5GmccBlLRi4WZzf1JeU4-Zz2QPcuf4eMxfzLAnpMy_wNn5BHwY0IT9fzity9e_vl9kO1-_T-4-2bXdUrZuaqk21wjZKd8LJTtfRglFRNbaDlikOvOK_b2jgfQg3G69o12qleB688CBfkFXl1zi3__LEAznYfsYdxdBOkBS0v00IwXeDL_-CQljyVt1nBDTdGC17Q9oz6nBAzBHvIsfzwaDmzp34sDrb0Y9d-ysDzNXXp9uDv-VpIAdcrKJt1Y8hlexHvnWyF0M0p6MXZBZes-5qLufssGFelZC21VPIvS8ylrQ</recordid><startdate>20020801</startdate><enddate>20020801</enddate><creator>Kang, H.S</creator><creator>Gutin, B</creator><creator>Barbeau, P</creator><creator>Litaker, M.S</creator><creator>Allison, J</creator><creator>Le, N.A</creator><general>Nature Publishing Group</general><general>Nature Publishing</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88G</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2M</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20020801</creationdate><title>Low-density lipoprotein particle size, central obesity, cardiovascular fitness, and insulin resistance syndrome markers in obese youths</title><author>Kang, H.S ; Gutin, B ; Barbeau, P ; Litaker, M.S ; Allison, J ; Le, N.A</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c509t-b38fa653b2d3b543de9535649e8151ec5114849adff4e9d74a67a5c7fd5de2af3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2002</creationdate><topic>Abdomen</topic><topic>Adipose Tissue</topic><topic>adolescence</topic><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>apolipoprotein B</topic><topic>Apolipoproteins</topic><topic>Apolipoproteins - blood</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Black or African American</topic><topic>Black People - genetics</topic><topic>blood glucose</topic><topic>blood lipids</topic><topic>Blood Pressure</topic><topic>Body Composition</topic><topic>Body fat</topic><topic>body mass index</topic><topic>Cardiovascular disease</topic><topic>Cardiovascular diseases</topic><topic>Child development</topic><topic>Cholesterol</topic><topic>Cholesterol - blood</topic><topic>Cholesterol, LDL - blood</topic><topic>Cholesterol, LDL - chemistry</topic><topic>coronary disease</topic><topic>Ethnicity</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>gender</topic><topic>Genotype & phenotype</topic><topic>Georgia - epidemiology</topic><topic>Heart rate</topic><topic>Hemodynamics - physiology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>insulin</topic><topic>Insulin resistance</topic><topic>Insulin Resistance - genetics</topic><topic>Laboratories</topic><topic>Lipids</topic><topic>Lipoproteins</topic><topic>Lipoproteins - 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DESIGN: For group comparisons, subjects were dichotomized into either SDLDL phenotype group or LBDL phenotype group based on LDL particle size. SUBJECTS: Obese 13 to 16-y-olds (n=80) who had a triceps skinfold greater than the 85th percentile for gender, ethnicity, and age. MEASUREMENTS: LDL particle size, plasma lipids and lipoprotein concentrations, plasma glucose and insulin concentrations, and blood pressures; percentage body fat, visceral adipose tissue (VAT); VO2 at a heart rate of 170 bpm as an index of CV fitness. RESULTS: The prevalence of the SDLDL phenotype was 54% among the 80 obese youths. Although overall body fatness (ie BMI and percentage body fat) and CV fitness were similar between the two LDL phenotype groups, the SDLDL phenotype group had significantly higher weight, waist circumference and VAT than the LBLDL phenotype group. With respect to the IRS markers, youths with the SDLDL phenotype had significantly higher triacylglycerol (TAG), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDLC), apolipoprotein B (apo B), and total cholesterol-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio (TC/HDLC) than youths with the LBLDL phenotype. LDL particle size as a continuous variable was significantly correlated with TAG, VLDLC, apo B, HDLC, and TC/HDLC. Plasma TAG and HDLC concentrations were independent predictors of LDL particle size. CONCLUSION: (1) The SDLDL phenotype was common in obese youths and (2) the relationships of LDL particle size with several of the IRS markers suggested that already in adolescence the expression of the SDLDL phenotype might be an important risk factor for future coronary heart disease mortality and morbidity.</abstract><cop>Basingstoke</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group</pub><pmid>12119567</pmid><doi>10.1038/sj.ijo.0802045</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Abdomen Adipose Tissue adolescence Adolescent apolipoprotein B Apolipoproteins Apolipoproteins - blood Biological and medical sciences Black or African American Black People - genetics blood glucose blood lipids Blood Pressure Body Composition Body fat body mass index Cardiovascular disease Cardiovascular diseases Child development Cholesterol Cholesterol - blood Cholesterol, LDL - blood Cholesterol, LDL - chemistry coronary disease Ethnicity Female gender Genotype & phenotype Georgia - epidemiology Heart rate Hemodynamics - physiology Humans insulin Insulin resistance Insulin Resistance - genetics Laboratories Lipids Lipoproteins Lipoproteins - blood low density lipoprotein Male Medical schools Medical sciences Metabolic diseases morbidity mortality nationalities and ethnic groups Obesity Obesity - blood Obesity - epidemiology Obesity - genetics Particle Size Phenotype Physical Fitness Plasma Prevalence Risk factors Skinfold Thickness triacylglycerols waist circumference White People - genetics youth |
| title | Low-density lipoprotein particle size, central obesity, cardiovascular fitness, and insulin resistance syndrome markers in obese youths |
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