Temporary neurocognitive impairment with Ebola virus

Table 1 Neuropsychological test battery First patient* Second patient[dagger] 23 December 2014 5 March 2015 Normal values 22 May 2015 28 October 2015 Normal values Attention and speed of mental processing Trail making test A (s) 43'' 33'' 53.83+-26.3 (mean+SD) 31'' 26'' 38.75+-16.4 (mean+SD) WAIS-R digit span (forward+backward) 15 18 cut-off >6 16 13 cut-off >6 WAIS-R digit symbol 10 14 cut-off >6 9 17 cut-off >6 Mental flexibility Trail making test B (s) 104'' 64'' 134.50+-80.06 (mean+SD) 101'' 72'' 86.24+-34.39 (mean+SD Stroop colour-word (s) 56'' 46'' 48.18+-8.83 (mean + SD) 54'' 49'' 45.81+-9.09 (mean+SD Controlled oral word (FAS) 33.70 39.70 (33.35+-11.24) (mean+SD) 34.10 43.10 (36.28+-10.81) (mean+SD) Memory Rey auditory verbal learning (total) 33.40 50.7 41.88+-8.38 (mean+SD) 38.50 45.50 50.12+-8.35 (mean+SD) Rey auditory verbal learning (after 15[variant prime]) 6.30 12.5 8.86+-2.54 (mean+SD) 6.60 10.60 11.37+-2.17 (mean+SD) Rey complex figure (delayed) 15 67 Percentile scores cut-off =85 BDI-II somatic-affective factor 85 20 Centile scores cut-off >=85 70 20 Centile scores cut-off >=85 BDI-II cognitive factor 70 50 Centile scores cut-off >=85 50 50 Centile scores cut-off >=85 The significance of '' is seconds Normal values for each test are reported between brackets. Recently, at the 2016 American Academy of Neurology Annual Meeting, Lauren Bowen referred to long-lasting neurological sequelae after EBOV infection, including weakness, headache, memory loss, depressed mood, muscle pain, tremors, abnormal eye movements and irregular reflexes. 3 No EVD case reporting neurocognitive impairment during the acute phase of the infection has been published.