Influence of insects on the diversity of fungi in decaying spruce wood in managed and natural forests
Insects are known to disseminate fungal propagules to decaying wood. Their effect on the diversity of the decomposer mycota is so far unexplored. Sixteen Norway spruces ( Picea abies) were felled and cut into 50 cm long bolts which were placed in four managed and four natural stands in southern Finl...
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creator | Müller, Michael M Varama, Martti Heinonen, Jaakko Hallaksela, Anna-Maija |
description | Insects are known to disseminate fungal propagules to decaying wood. Their effect on the diversity of the decomposer mycota is so far unexplored.
Sixteen Norway spruces (
Picea abies) were felled and cut into 50
cm long bolts which were placed in four managed and four natural stands in southern Finland. The bolts were covered with net cages to prevent insect access. Half of the net cages were opened during each spring for 3 weeks. After 28–30 months, the bolts were investigated for insect marks, dry weight loss, and a batch of them was taken for fungal isolations. The fungal isolates were first divided into morphologically distinguishable taxonomic genera or species and further into operational chemotaxonomical units (OCTUs) by their combined fatty acid and sterol profiles (FAST-profiles).
The number of insect marks (holes and gnawings) found on the bolts after 28–30 months varied from 0 to 6400/m
2 depending on the site and on whether the net cage was opened during spring or not. The bolts were attacked mainly by two bark beetle species,
Trypodendron lineatum and
Hylurgops palliatus. Boring and gnawing marks of these beetles were significantly more common on bolts in managed than in natural sites. Bolt dry weight loss correlated positively (
r=0.461,
P |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/S0378-1127(01)00671-5 |
format | Article |
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Sixteen Norway spruces (
Picea abies) were felled and cut into 50
cm long bolts which were placed in four managed and four natural stands in southern Finland. The bolts were covered with net cages to prevent insect access. Half of the net cages were opened during each spring for 3 weeks. After 28–30 months, the bolts were investigated for insect marks, dry weight loss, and a batch of them was taken for fungal isolations. The fungal isolates were first divided into morphologically distinguishable taxonomic genera or species and further into operational chemotaxonomical units (OCTUs) by their combined fatty acid and sterol profiles (FAST-profiles).
The number of insect marks (holes and gnawings) found on the bolts after 28–30 months varied from 0 to 6400/m
2 depending on the site and on whether the net cage was opened during spring or not. The bolts were attacked mainly by two bark beetle species,
Trypodendron lineatum and
Hylurgops palliatus. Boring and gnawing marks of these beetles were significantly more common on bolts in managed than in natural sites. Bolt dry weight loss correlated positively (
r=0.461,
P<0.001) with the number of insect marks on them.
The fungal isolates (737) were divided into 145 OCTUs and the number of OCTUs per bolt varied from 1 to 12 with a mean of 8.1. The fungal diversity of the bolts (i.e. number of OCTUs per bolt or the Shannon–Wiener index) varied according to the number of
H. palliatus gnawings, stand management and between tree individuals. The number of OCTUs per bolt correlated negatively with the number of
H. palliatus marks, but even though more beetle marks were found on bolts of managed forest sites, the fungal diversity of the spruce bolts there was not lower than in natural stands. Forest management appears to increase fungal diversity in decaying spruce bolts but the effect is low.
The results stress the importance of insect attacks to the decomposition process and fungal diversity of fresh woody debris.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0378-1127</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1872-7042</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/S0378-1127(01)00671-5</identifier><identifier>CODEN: FECMDW</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Amsterdam: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Bark beetles ; Biological and medical sciences ; Chemotaxonomy ; Decomposition ; Diversity ; Forest management ; Forestry ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Fungi ; General forest ecology ; Generalities. Production, biomass. Quality of wood and forest products. General forest ecology ; Insects ; Microclimate ; Picea abies ; Wood</subject><ispartof>Forest ecology and management, 2002-08, Vol.166 (1), p.165-181</ispartof><rights>2002 Elsevier Science B.V.</rights><rights>2002 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c434t-d79caf1c2b8dad465c54fb480820e3985b757352eacd85d411c20eaf392c5bb53</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c434t-d79caf1c2b8dad465c54fb480820e3985b757352eacd85d411c20eaf392c5bb53</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1127(01)00671-5$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=13763130$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Müller, Michael M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Varama, Martti</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heinonen, Jaakko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hallaksela, Anna-Maija</creatorcontrib><title>Influence of insects on the diversity of fungi in decaying spruce wood in managed and natural forests</title><title>Forest ecology and management</title><description>Insects are known to disseminate fungal propagules to decaying wood. Their effect on the diversity of the decomposer mycota is so far unexplored.
Sixteen Norway spruces (
Picea abies) were felled and cut into 50
cm long bolts which were placed in four managed and four natural stands in southern Finland. The bolts were covered with net cages to prevent insect access. Half of the net cages were opened during each spring for 3 weeks. After 28–30 months, the bolts were investigated for insect marks, dry weight loss, and a batch of them was taken for fungal isolations. The fungal isolates were first divided into morphologically distinguishable taxonomic genera or species and further into operational chemotaxonomical units (OCTUs) by their combined fatty acid and sterol profiles (FAST-profiles).
The number of insect marks (holes and gnawings) found on the bolts after 28–30 months varied from 0 to 6400/m
2 depending on the site and on whether the net cage was opened during spring or not. The bolts were attacked mainly by two bark beetle species,
Trypodendron lineatum and
Hylurgops palliatus. Boring and gnawing marks of these beetles were significantly more common on bolts in managed than in natural sites. Bolt dry weight loss correlated positively (
r=0.461,
P<0.001) with the number of insect marks on them.
The fungal isolates (737) were divided into 145 OCTUs and the number of OCTUs per bolt varied from 1 to 12 with a mean of 8.1. The fungal diversity of the bolts (i.e. number of OCTUs per bolt or the Shannon–Wiener index) varied according to the number of
H. palliatus gnawings, stand management and between tree individuals. The number of OCTUs per bolt correlated negatively with the number of
H. palliatus marks, but even though more beetle marks were found on bolts of managed forest sites, the fungal diversity of the spruce bolts there was not lower than in natural stands. Forest management appears to increase fungal diversity in decaying spruce bolts but the effect is low.
The results stress the importance of insect attacks to the decomposition process and fungal diversity of fresh woody debris.</description><subject>Bark beetles</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Chemotaxonomy</subject><subject>Decomposition</subject><subject>Diversity</subject><subject>Forest management</subject><subject>Forestry</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Fungi</subject><subject>General forest ecology</subject><subject>Generalities. Production, biomass. Quality of wood and forest products. General forest ecology</subject><subject>Insects</subject><subject>Microclimate</subject><subject>Picea abies</subject><subject>Wood</subject><issn>0378-1127</issn><issn>1872-7042</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2002</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkMFqGzEQhkVoIK7TRyjo0tAeNpFW0ko-hWLSxGDIoc1ZaKWRq7KWXGnXwW-fXdu0x5wGZr6Zn_kQ-kzJLSW0uftJmFQVpbX8Sug3QhpJK3GBZlTJupKE1x_Q7B9yhT6W8ocQIgRXMwSr6LsBogWcPA6xgO0LThH3vwG7sIdcQn-YZn6ImzAS2IE1hxA3uOzyMO69puSm_tZEswGHTXQ4mn7IpsM-ZSh9uUaX3nQFPp3rHL38ePi1fKrWz4-r5fd1ZTnjfeXkwhpPbd0qZxxvhBXct1wRVRNgCyVaKSQTNRjrlHCcjigB49mitqJtBZujm9PdXU5_hzFZb0Ox0HUmQhqKpopzumj4CIoTaHMqJYPXuxy2Jh80JXqSqo9S9WRME6qPUvUU8OUcYIo1nc8m2lD-LzPZMMrIyN2fOBi_3QfIutgwWXYhj4a1S-GdpDeRO4x3</recordid><startdate>20020801</startdate><enddate>20020801</enddate><creator>Müller, Michael M</creator><creator>Varama, Martti</creator><creator>Heinonen, Jaakko</creator><creator>Hallaksela, Anna-Maija</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20020801</creationdate><title>Influence of insects on the diversity of fungi in decaying spruce wood in managed and natural forests</title><author>Müller, Michael M ; Varama, Martti ; Heinonen, Jaakko ; Hallaksela, Anna-Maija</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c434t-d79caf1c2b8dad465c54fb480820e3985b757352eacd85d411c20eaf392c5bb53</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2002</creationdate><topic>Bark beetles</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Chemotaxonomy</topic><topic>Decomposition</topic><topic>Diversity</topic><topic>Forest management</topic><topic>Forestry</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Fungi</topic><topic>General forest ecology</topic><topic>Generalities. Production, biomass. Quality of wood and forest products. General forest ecology</topic><topic>Insects</topic><topic>Microclimate</topic><topic>Picea abies</topic><topic>Wood</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Müller, Michael M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Varama, Martti</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heinonen, Jaakko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hallaksela, Anna-Maija</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Forest ecology and management</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Müller, Michael M</au><au>Varama, Martti</au><au>Heinonen, Jaakko</au><au>Hallaksela, Anna-Maija</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Influence of insects on the diversity of fungi in decaying spruce wood in managed and natural forests</atitle><jtitle>Forest ecology and management</jtitle><date>2002-08-01</date><risdate>2002</risdate><volume>166</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>165</spage><epage>181</epage><pages>165-181</pages><issn>0378-1127</issn><eissn>1872-7042</eissn><coden>FECMDW</coden><abstract>Insects are known to disseminate fungal propagules to decaying wood. Their effect on the diversity of the decomposer mycota is so far unexplored.
Sixteen Norway spruces (
Picea abies) were felled and cut into 50
cm long bolts which were placed in four managed and four natural stands in southern Finland. The bolts were covered with net cages to prevent insect access. Half of the net cages were opened during each spring for 3 weeks. After 28–30 months, the bolts were investigated for insect marks, dry weight loss, and a batch of them was taken for fungal isolations. The fungal isolates were first divided into morphologically distinguishable taxonomic genera or species and further into operational chemotaxonomical units (OCTUs) by their combined fatty acid and sterol profiles (FAST-profiles).
The number of insect marks (holes and gnawings) found on the bolts after 28–30 months varied from 0 to 6400/m
2 depending on the site and on whether the net cage was opened during spring or not. The bolts were attacked mainly by two bark beetle species,
Trypodendron lineatum and
Hylurgops palliatus. Boring and gnawing marks of these beetles were significantly more common on bolts in managed than in natural sites. Bolt dry weight loss correlated positively (
r=0.461,
P<0.001) with the number of insect marks on them.
The fungal isolates (737) were divided into 145 OCTUs and the number of OCTUs per bolt varied from 1 to 12 with a mean of 8.1. The fungal diversity of the bolts (i.e. number of OCTUs per bolt or the Shannon–Wiener index) varied according to the number of
H. palliatus gnawings, stand management and between tree individuals. The number of OCTUs per bolt correlated negatively with the number of
H. palliatus marks, but even though more beetle marks were found on bolts of managed forest sites, the fungal diversity of the spruce bolts there was not lower than in natural stands. Forest management appears to increase fungal diversity in decaying spruce bolts but the effect is low.
The results stress the importance of insect attacks to the decomposition process and fungal diversity of fresh woody debris.</abstract><cop>Amsterdam</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><doi>10.1016/S0378-1127(01)00671-5</doi><tpages>17</tpages></addata></record> |
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language | eng |
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source | ScienceDirect Journals (5 years ago - present) |
subjects | Bark beetles Biological and medical sciences Chemotaxonomy Decomposition Diversity Forest management Forestry Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Fungi General forest ecology Generalities. Production, biomass. Quality of wood and forest products. General forest ecology Insects Microclimate Picea abies Wood |
title | Influence of insects on the diversity of fungi in decaying spruce wood in managed and natural forests |
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