Influence of insects on the diversity of fungi in decaying spruce wood in managed and natural forests

Insects are known to disseminate fungal propagules to decaying wood. Their effect on the diversity of the decomposer mycota is so far unexplored. Sixteen Norway spruces ( Picea abies) were felled and cut into 50 cm long bolts which were placed in four managed and four natural stands in southern Finl...

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Veröffentlicht in:Forest ecology and management 2002-08, Vol.166 (1), p.165-181
Hauptverfasser: Müller, Michael M, Varama, Martti, Heinonen, Jaakko, Hallaksela, Anna-Maija
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creator Müller, Michael M
Varama, Martti
Heinonen, Jaakko
Hallaksela, Anna-Maija
description Insects are known to disseminate fungal propagules to decaying wood. Their effect on the diversity of the decomposer mycota is so far unexplored. Sixteen Norway spruces ( Picea abies) were felled and cut into 50 cm long bolts which were placed in four managed and four natural stands in southern Finland. The bolts were covered with net cages to prevent insect access. Half of the net cages were opened during each spring for 3 weeks. After 28–30 months, the bolts were investigated for insect marks, dry weight loss, and a batch of them was taken for fungal isolations. The fungal isolates were first divided into morphologically distinguishable taxonomic genera or species and further into operational chemotaxonomical units (OCTUs) by their combined fatty acid and sterol profiles (FAST-profiles). The number of insect marks (holes and gnawings) found on the bolts after 28–30 months varied from 0 to 6400/m 2 depending on the site and on whether the net cage was opened during spring or not. The bolts were attacked mainly by two bark beetle species, Trypodendron lineatum and Hylurgops palliatus. Boring and gnawing marks of these beetles were significantly more common on bolts in managed than in natural sites. Bolt dry weight loss correlated positively ( r=0.461, P
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Their effect on the diversity of the decomposer mycota is so far unexplored. Sixteen Norway spruces ( Picea abies) were felled and cut into 50 cm long bolts which were placed in four managed and four natural stands in southern Finland. The bolts were covered with net cages to prevent insect access. Half of the net cages were opened during each spring for 3 weeks. After 28–30 months, the bolts were investigated for insect marks, dry weight loss, and a batch of them was taken for fungal isolations. The fungal isolates were first divided into morphologically distinguishable taxonomic genera or species and further into operational chemotaxonomical units (OCTUs) by their combined fatty acid and sterol profiles (FAST-profiles). The number of insect marks (holes and gnawings) found on the bolts after 28–30 months varied from 0 to 6400/m 2 depending on the site and on whether the net cage was opened during spring or not. The bolts were attacked mainly by two bark beetle species, Trypodendron lineatum and Hylurgops palliatus. Boring and gnawing marks of these beetles were significantly more common on bolts in managed than in natural sites. Bolt dry weight loss correlated positively ( r=0.461, P&lt;0.001) with the number of insect marks on them. The fungal isolates (737) were divided into 145 OCTUs and the number of OCTUs per bolt varied from 1 to 12 with a mean of 8.1. The fungal diversity of the bolts (i.e. number of OCTUs per bolt or the Shannon–Wiener index) varied according to the number of H. palliatus gnawings, stand management and between tree individuals. The number of OCTUs per bolt correlated negatively with the number of H. palliatus marks, but even though more beetle marks were found on bolts of managed forest sites, the fungal diversity of the spruce bolts there was not lower than in natural stands. 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Their effect on the diversity of the decomposer mycota is so far unexplored. Sixteen Norway spruces ( Picea abies) were felled and cut into 50 cm long bolts which were placed in four managed and four natural stands in southern Finland. The bolts were covered with net cages to prevent insect access. Half of the net cages were opened during each spring for 3 weeks. After 28–30 months, the bolts were investigated for insect marks, dry weight loss, and a batch of them was taken for fungal isolations. The fungal isolates were first divided into morphologically distinguishable taxonomic genera or species and further into operational chemotaxonomical units (OCTUs) by their combined fatty acid and sterol profiles (FAST-profiles). The number of insect marks (holes and gnawings) found on the bolts after 28–30 months varied from 0 to 6400/m 2 depending on the site and on whether the net cage was opened during spring or not. 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Psychology</topic><topic>Fungi</topic><topic>General forest ecology</topic><topic>Generalities. Production, biomass. Quality of wood and forest products. General forest ecology</topic><topic>Insects</topic><topic>Microclimate</topic><topic>Picea abies</topic><topic>Wood</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Müller, Michael M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Varama, Martti</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heinonen, Jaakko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hallaksela, Anna-Maija</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Forest ecology and management</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Müller, Michael M</au><au>Varama, Martti</au><au>Heinonen, Jaakko</au><au>Hallaksela, Anna-Maija</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Influence of insects on the diversity of fungi in decaying spruce wood in managed and natural forests</atitle><jtitle>Forest ecology and management</jtitle><date>2002-08-01</date><risdate>2002</risdate><volume>166</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>165</spage><epage>181</epage><pages>165-181</pages><issn>0378-1127</issn><eissn>1872-7042</eissn><coden>FECMDW</coden><abstract>Insects are known to disseminate fungal propagules to decaying wood. Their effect on the diversity of the decomposer mycota is so far unexplored. Sixteen Norway spruces ( Picea abies) were felled and cut into 50 cm long bolts which were placed in four managed and four natural stands in southern Finland. The bolts were covered with net cages to prevent insect access. Half of the net cages were opened during each spring for 3 weeks. After 28–30 months, the bolts were investigated for insect marks, dry weight loss, and a batch of them was taken for fungal isolations. The fungal isolates were first divided into morphologically distinguishable taxonomic genera or species and further into operational chemotaxonomical units (OCTUs) by their combined fatty acid and sterol profiles (FAST-profiles). The number of insect marks (holes and gnawings) found on the bolts after 28–30 months varied from 0 to 6400/m 2 depending on the site and on whether the net cage was opened during spring or not. The bolts were attacked mainly by two bark beetle species, Trypodendron lineatum and Hylurgops palliatus. Boring and gnawing marks of these beetles were significantly more common on bolts in managed than in natural sites. Bolt dry weight loss correlated positively ( r=0.461, P&lt;0.001) with the number of insect marks on them. The fungal isolates (737) were divided into 145 OCTUs and the number of OCTUs per bolt varied from 1 to 12 with a mean of 8.1. The fungal diversity of the bolts (i.e. number of OCTUs per bolt or the Shannon–Wiener index) varied according to the number of H. palliatus gnawings, stand management and between tree individuals. The number of OCTUs per bolt correlated negatively with the number of H. palliatus marks, but even though more beetle marks were found on bolts of managed forest sites, the fungal diversity of the spruce bolts there was not lower than in natural stands. Forest management appears to increase fungal diversity in decaying spruce bolts but the effect is low. The results stress the importance of insect attacks to the decomposition process and fungal diversity of fresh woody debris.</abstract><cop>Amsterdam</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><doi>10.1016/S0378-1127(01)00671-5</doi><tpages>17</tpages></addata></record>
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source ScienceDirect Journals (5 years ago - present)
subjects Bark beetles
Biological and medical sciences
Chemotaxonomy
Decomposition
Diversity
Forest management
Forestry
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Fungi
General forest ecology
Generalities. Production, biomass. Quality of wood and forest products. General forest ecology
Insects
Microclimate
Picea abies
Wood
title Influence of insects on the diversity of fungi in decaying spruce wood in managed and natural forests
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