Executive Functions in Children with Specific Language Impairment: A Meta-Analysis
Purpose: Mounting evidence demonstrates deficits in children with specific language impairment (SLI) beyond the linguistic domain. Using meta-analysis, this study examined differences in children with and without SLI on tasks measuring inhibition and cognitive flexibility. Method: Databases were sea...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of speech, language, and hearing research language, and hearing research, 2016-10, Vol.59 (5), p.1074-1086 |
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| container_title | Journal of speech, language, and hearing research |
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| creator | Pauls, Laura J Archibald, Lisa M. D |
| description | Purpose: Mounting evidence demonstrates deficits in children with specific language impairment (SLI) beyond the linguistic domain. Using meta-analysis, this study examined differences in children with and without SLI on tasks measuring inhibition and cognitive flexibility. Method: Databases were searched for articles comparing children (4-14 years) with and without SLI on behavioral measures of inhibition or cognitive flexibility. Weighted average effect size was calculated using multilevel modeling to measure potential group differences. Results: The analysis included 46 studies. Of those, 34 included inhibitory control measures and 22 included cognitive flexibility tasks. Children with SLI performed below same-aged peers on both inhibitory control tasks (g = -0.56) and cognitive flexibility tasks (g = -0.27). Moderator analyses showed no effect of linguistic task demands, participant age, or severity of language impairment on the degree of difference between children with SLI and controls on measures of inhibitory control. Conclusion: Reliable differences between children with and without SLI were found on inhibition and cognitive flexibility tasks. A moderate group effect was found for inhibition tasks, but there was only a small effect for cognitive flexibility tasks. Results of moderator analyses suggest that these deficits are present throughout development despite task demands or severity of linguistic impairment. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1044/2016_JSLHR-L-15-0174 |
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D</creator><creatorcontrib>Pauls, Laura J ; Archibald, Lisa M. D</creatorcontrib><description>Purpose: Mounting evidence demonstrates deficits in children with specific language impairment (SLI) beyond the linguistic domain. Using meta-analysis, this study examined differences in children with and without SLI on tasks measuring inhibition and cognitive flexibility. Method: Databases were searched for articles comparing children (4-14 years) with and without SLI on behavioral measures of inhibition or cognitive flexibility. Weighted average effect size was calculated using multilevel modeling to measure potential group differences. Results: The analysis included 46 studies. Of those, 34 included inhibitory control measures and 22 included cognitive flexibility tasks. Children with SLI performed below same-aged peers on both inhibitory control tasks (g = -0.56) and cognitive flexibility tasks (g = -0.27). Moderator analyses showed no effect of linguistic task demands, participant age, or severity of language impairment on the degree of difference between children with SLI and controls on measures of inhibitory control. Conclusion: Reliable differences between children with and without SLI were found on inhibition and cognitive flexibility tasks. A moderate group effect was found for inhibition tasks, but there was only a small effect for cognitive flexibility tasks. Results of moderator analyses suggest that these deficits are present throughout development despite task demands or severity of linguistic impairment.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1092-4388</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1558-9102</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1044/2016_JSLHR-L-15-0174</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27653611</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Speech-Language-Hearing Association</publisher><subject>Adaptability (Psychology) ; Adolescent ; Behavior ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Children ; Cognition & reasoning ; Cognitive ability ; Comparative Analysis ; Diagnosis ; Executive Function ; Flexibility ; Hierarchical Linear Modeling ; Humans ; Inhibition ; Inventory ; Language Acquisition ; Language Development Disorders - psychology ; Language disorders ; Language Impairments ; Linguistics ; Measurement ; Memory ; Meta Analysis ; Peers ; Psychological aspects ; Specific language impairment ; Speech disorders ; Structural Equation Models ; Studies ; Systematic review</subject><ispartof>Journal of speech, language, and hearing research, 2016-10, Vol.59 (5), p.1074-1086</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2016 American Speech-Language-Hearing Association</rights><rights>Copyright American Speech-Language-Hearing Association Oct 2016</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c563t-85c037b3712d2986f3abd961b88d2cde9dd18d555b2c63f566b95c3c1c00004f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c563t-85c037b3712d2986f3abd961b88d2cde9dd18d555b2c63f566b95c3c1c00004f3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27923,27924</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/detail?accno=EJ1118994$$DView record in ERIC$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27653611$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Pauls, Laura J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Archibald, Lisa M. D</creatorcontrib><title>Executive Functions in Children with Specific Language Impairment: A Meta-Analysis</title><title>Journal of speech, language, and hearing research</title><addtitle>J Speech Lang Hear Res</addtitle><description>Purpose: Mounting evidence demonstrates deficits in children with specific language impairment (SLI) beyond the linguistic domain. Using meta-analysis, this study examined differences in children with and without SLI on tasks measuring inhibition and cognitive flexibility. Method: Databases were searched for articles comparing children (4-14 years) with and without SLI on behavioral measures of inhibition or cognitive flexibility. Weighted average effect size was calculated using multilevel modeling to measure potential group differences. Results: The analysis included 46 studies. Of those, 34 included inhibitory control measures and 22 included cognitive flexibility tasks. Children with SLI performed below same-aged peers on both inhibitory control tasks (g = -0.56) and cognitive flexibility tasks (g = -0.27). Moderator analyses showed no effect of linguistic task demands, participant age, or severity of language impairment on the degree of difference between children with SLI and controls on measures of inhibitory control. Conclusion: Reliable differences between children with and without SLI were found on inhibition and cognitive flexibility tasks. A moderate group effect was found for inhibition tasks, but there was only a small effect for cognitive flexibility tasks. Results of moderator analyses suggest that these deficits are present throughout development despite task demands or severity of linguistic impairment.</description><subject>Adaptability (Psychology)</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Behavior</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Cognition & reasoning</subject><subject>Cognitive ability</subject><subject>Comparative Analysis</subject><subject>Diagnosis</subject><subject>Executive Function</subject><subject>Flexibility</subject><subject>Hierarchical Linear Modeling</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Inhibition</subject><subject>Inventory</subject><subject>Language Acquisition</subject><subject>Language Development Disorders - psychology</subject><subject>Language disorders</subject><subject>Language Impairments</subject><subject>Linguistics</subject><subject>Measurement</subject><subject>Memory</subject><subject>Meta Analysis</subject><subject>Peers</subject><subject>Psychological aspects</subject><subject>Specific language impairment</subject><subject>Speech disorders</subject><subject>Structural Equation Models</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Systematic review</subject><issn>1092-4388</issn><issn>1558-9102</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNptkt1u1DAQhSMEoqXwBoAiIVXcuNjxT2zuVqstbRWE1MK15TiTXVeJs7UTaN8ehy0tReu58Mj-zsgzPln2luATghn7VGAi9MVVdXaJKkQ4wqRkz7JDwrlEiuDiecqxKhCjUh5kr2K8xmkRJl5mB0UpOBWEHGaXq1uw0-h-Qn46eTu6wcfc-Xy5cV0TwOe_3LjJr7ZgXetsXhm_nswa8vN-a1zowY-f80X-FUaDFt50d9HF19mL1nQR3tzvR9mP09X35Rmqvn05Xy4qZLmgI5LcYlrWtCRFUygpWmrqRglSS9kUtgHVNEQ2nPO6sIK2XIhacUstsXMfrKVH2cdd3W0YbiaIo-5dtNB1xsMwRU0k5UKllouEfvgPvR6mkN47U0xixaRQj9TadKCdb4cxGDsX1QtWYilKyXGi0B5qDR6C6QYPrUvHT_iTPXyKBnpn9wqO_xFswHTjJg7d9OdvnoJsB9owxBig1dvgehPuNMF69oh-9IiuNOF69kiSvb8fxlT30DyI_poiAe92AARnH65XF4QQqRSjvwHfqL0Q</recordid><startdate>201610</startdate><enddate>201610</enddate><creator>Pauls, Laura J</creator><creator>Archibald, Lisa M. 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D</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><ericid>EJ1118994</ericid><atitle>Executive Functions in Children with Specific Language Impairment: A Meta-Analysis</atitle><jtitle>Journal of speech, language, and hearing research</jtitle><addtitle>J Speech Lang Hear Res</addtitle><date>2016-10</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>59</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>1074</spage><epage>1086</epage><pages>1074-1086</pages><issn>1092-4388</issn><eissn>1558-9102</eissn><abstract>Purpose: Mounting evidence demonstrates deficits in children with specific language impairment (SLI) beyond the linguistic domain. Using meta-analysis, this study examined differences in children with and without SLI on tasks measuring inhibition and cognitive flexibility. Method: Databases were searched for articles comparing children (4-14 years) with and without SLI on behavioral measures of inhibition or cognitive flexibility. Weighted average effect size was calculated using multilevel modeling to measure potential group differences. Results: The analysis included 46 studies. Of those, 34 included inhibitory control measures and 22 included cognitive flexibility tasks. Children with SLI performed below same-aged peers on both inhibitory control tasks (g = -0.56) and cognitive flexibility tasks (g = -0.27). Moderator analyses showed no effect of linguistic task demands, participant age, or severity of language impairment on the degree of difference between children with SLI and controls on measures of inhibitory control. Conclusion: Reliable differences between children with and without SLI were found on inhibition and cognitive flexibility tasks. A moderate group effect was found for inhibition tasks, but there was only a small effect for cognitive flexibility tasks. Results of moderator analyses suggest that these deficits are present throughout development despite task demands or severity of linguistic impairment.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>American Speech-Language-Hearing Association</pub><pmid>27653611</pmid><doi>10.1044/2016_JSLHR-L-15-0174</doi><tpages>13</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adaptability (Psychology) Adolescent Behavior Child Child, Preschool Children Cognition & reasoning Cognitive ability Comparative Analysis Diagnosis Executive Function Flexibility Hierarchical Linear Modeling Humans Inhibition Inventory Language Acquisition Language Development Disorders - psychology Language disorders Language Impairments Linguistics Measurement Memory Meta Analysis Peers Psychological aspects Specific language impairment Speech disorders Structural Equation Models Studies Systematic review |
| title | Executive Functions in Children with Specific Language Impairment: A Meta-Analysis |
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