Cationic carbon quantum dots derived from alginate for gene delivery: One-step synthesis and cellular uptake
[Display omitted] Carbon quantum dots (CQDs), unlike semiconductor quantum dots, possess fine biocompatibility, excellent upconversion properties, high photostability and low toxicity. Here, we report multifunctional CQDs which were developed using alginate, 3% hydrogen peroxide and double distilled...
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creator | Zhou, Jie Deng, Wenwen Wang, Yan Cao, Xia Chen, Jingjing Wang, Qiang Xu, Wenqian Du, Pan Yu, Qingtong Chen, Jiaxin Spector, Myron Yu, Jiangnan Xu, Ximing |
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Carbon quantum dots (CQDs), unlike semiconductor quantum dots, possess fine biocompatibility, excellent upconversion properties, high photostability and low toxicity. Here, we report multifunctional CQDs which were developed using alginate, 3% hydrogen peroxide and double distilled water through a facile, eco-friendly and inexpensive one-step hydrothermal carbonization route. In this reaction, the alginate served as both the carbon source and the cationization agent. The resulting CQDs exhibited strong and stable fluorescence with water-dispersible and positively-charged properties which could serve as an excellent DNA condensation. As non-viral gene vector being used for the first time, the CQDs showed considerably high transfection efficiency (comparable to Lipofectamine2000 and significantly higher than PEI, p |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.06.021 |
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Carbon quantum dots (CQDs), unlike semiconductor quantum dots, possess fine biocompatibility, excellent upconversion properties, high photostability and low toxicity. Here, we report multifunctional CQDs which were developed using alginate, 3% hydrogen peroxide and double distilled water through a facile, eco-friendly and inexpensive one-step hydrothermal carbonization route. In this reaction, the alginate served as both the carbon source and the cationization agent. The resulting CQDs exhibited strong and stable fluorescence with water-dispersible and positively-charged properties which could serve as an excellent DNA condensation. As non-viral gene vector being used for the first time, the CQDs showed considerably high transfection efficiency (comparable to Lipofectamine2000 and significantly higher than PEI, p<0.05) and negligible toxicity. The photoluminescence properties of CQDs also permitted easy tracking of the cellular-uptake. The findings showed that both caveolae- and clathrin-mediated endocytosis pathways were involved in the internalization process of CQDs/pDNA complexes. Taken together, the alginate-derived photoluminescent CQDs hold great potential in biomedical applications due to their dual role as efficient non-viral gene vectors and bioimaging probes.
This manuscript describes a facile and simple one-step hydrothermal carbonization route for preparing optically tunable photoluminescent carbon quantum dots (CQDs) from a novel raw material, alginate. These CQDs enjoy low cytotoxicity, positive zeta potential, excellent ability to condense macromolecular DNA, and most importantly, notably high transfection efficiency. The interesting finding is that the negatively-charged alginate can convert into positively charged CQDs without adding any cationic reagents. The significance of this study is that the cationic carbon quantum dots play dual roles as both non-viral gene vectors and bioimaging probes at the same time, which are most desirable in many fields of applications such as gene therapy, drug delivery, and bioimaging.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1742-7061</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1878-7568</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.06.021</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27321673</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Alginates ; Alginates - chemical synthesis ; Animals ; Carbon ; Carbon - chemistry ; Carbon quantum dots ; Cationic ; Cations ; Cell Death ; Cell Line ; Cellular uptake ; DNA - metabolism ; Electrophoresis, Agar Gel ; Endocytosis ; Gene delivery ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; Genes ; Glucuronic Acid - chemical synthesis ; Hexuronic Acids - chemical synthesis ; Luminescence ; Mathematical analysis ; Medical imaging ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Photoelectron Spectroscopy ; Photoluminescence ; Plasmids - metabolism ; Quantum dots ; Quantum Dots - chemistry ; Quantum Dots - ultrastructure ; Sodium alginate ; Solutions ; Static Electricity ; Transfection</subject><ispartof>Acta biomaterialia, 2016-09, Vol.42, p.209-219</ispartof><rights>2016 Acta Materialia Inc.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2016 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c531t-d75fc279157cda966048a7edb07b66ddafa1c1f8ed1091a88788313f3b0667a93</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c531t-d75fc279157cda966048a7edb07b66ddafa1c1f8ed1091a88788313f3b0667a93</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2016.06.021$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27321673$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Jie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Deng, Wenwen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Yan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cao, Xia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Jingjing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Qiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Wenqian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Du, Pan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yu, Qingtong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Jiaxin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Spector, Myron</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yu, Jiangnan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Ximing</creatorcontrib><title>Cationic carbon quantum dots derived from alginate for gene delivery: One-step synthesis and cellular uptake</title><title>Acta biomaterialia</title><addtitle>Acta Biomater</addtitle><description>[Display omitted]
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs), unlike semiconductor quantum dots, possess fine biocompatibility, excellent upconversion properties, high photostability and low toxicity. Here, we report multifunctional CQDs which were developed using alginate, 3% hydrogen peroxide and double distilled water through a facile, eco-friendly and inexpensive one-step hydrothermal carbonization route. In this reaction, the alginate served as both the carbon source and the cationization agent. The resulting CQDs exhibited strong and stable fluorescence with water-dispersible and positively-charged properties which could serve as an excellent DNA condensation. As non-viral gene vector being used for the first time, the CQDs showed considerably high transfection efficiency (comparable to Lipofectamine2000 and significantly higher than PEI, p<0.05) and negligible toxicity. The photoluminescence properties of CQDs also permitted easy tracking of the cellular-uptake. The findings showed that both caveolae- and clathrin-mediated endocytosis pathways were involved in the internalization process of CQDs/pDNA complexes. Taken together, the alginate-derived photoluminescent CQDs hold great potential in biomedical applications due to their dual role as efficient non-viral gene vectors and bioimaging probes.
This manuscript describes a facile and simple one-step hydrothermal carbonization route for preparing optically tunable photoluminescent carbon quantum dots (CQDs) from a novel raw material, alginate. These CQDs enjoy low cytotoxicity, positive zeta potential, excellent ability to condense macromolecular DNA, and most importantly, notably high transfection efficiency. The interesting finding is that the negatively-charged alginate can convert into positively charged CQDs without adding any cationic reagents. The significance of this study is that the cationic carbon quantum dots play dual roles as both non-viral gene vectors and bioimaging probes at the same time, which are most desirable in many fields of applications such as gene therapy, drug delivery, and bioimaging.</description><subject>Alginates</subject><subject>Alginates - chemical synthesis</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Carbon</subject><subject>Carbon - chemistry</subject><subject>Carbon quantum dots</subject><subject>Cationic</subject><subject>Cations</subject><subject>Cell Death</subject><subject>Cell Line</subject><subject>Cellular uptake</subject><subject>DNA - metabolism</subject><subject>Electrophoresis, Agar Gel</subject><subject>Endocytosis</subject><subject>Gene delivery</subject><subject>Gene Transfer Techniques</subject><subject>Genes</subject><subject>Glucuronic Acid - chemical synthesis</subject><subject>Hexuronic Acids - chemical synthesis</subject><subject>Luminescence</subject><subject>Mathematical analysis</subject><subject>Medical imaging</subject><subject>Microscopy, Confocal</subject><subject>Photoelectron Spectroscopy</subject><subject>Photoluminescence</subject><subject>Plasmids - metabolism</subject><subject>Quantum dots</subject><subject>Quantum Dots - chemistry</subject><subject>Quantum Dots - ultrastructure</subject><subject>Sodium alginate</subject><subject>Solutions</subject><subject>Static Electricity</subject><subject>Transfection</subject><issn>1742-7061</issn><issn>1878-7568</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkU2LFDEQhhtR3A_9ByI5eukx1ZlO0h4EGXQVFvai51CdVK8Zu5PZJL0w_94Ms3oUoSAp6ql6k3qb5g3wDXCQ7_cbtGX0cdPVbMNrdPCsuQStdKt6qZ_Xu9p2reISLpqrnPecCw2dftlcdEp0IJW4bOYdFh-Dt8xiGmNgDyuGsi7MxZKZo-QfybEpxYXhfO8DFmJTTOyeAtXyXMvp-IHdBWpzoQPLx1B-UvaZYXDM0jyvMya2Hgr-olfNiwnnTK-fzuvmx5fP33df29u7m2-7T7et7QWU1ql-sp0aoFfW4SAl32pU5EauRimdwwnBwqTJAR8Adf2xFiAmMXIpFQ7iunl3nntI8WGlXMzi8-ktGCiu2YAWvRR1Feo_UBhAbLU8odszalPMOdFkDskvmI4GuDlZYvbmbIk5WWJ4jQ5q29snhXVcyP1t-uNBBT6eAaorefSUTLaegiXnE9liXPT_VvgNQMmfkg</recordid><startdate>20160915</startdate><enddate>20160915</enddate><creator>Zhou, Jie</creator><creator>Deng, Wenwen</creator><creator>Wang, Yan</creator><creator>Cao, Xia</creator><creator>Chen, Jingjing</creator><creator>Wang, Qiang</creator><creator>Xu, Wenqian</creator><creator>Du, Pan</creator><creator>Yu, Qingtong</creator><creator>Chen, Jiaxin</creator><creator>Spector, Myron</creator><creator>Yu, Jiangnan</creator><creator>Xu, Ximing</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>L7M</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20160915</creationdate><title>Cationic carbon quantum dots derived from alginate for gene delivery: One-step synthesis and cellular uptake</title><author>Zhou, Jie ; Deng, Wenwen ; Wang, Yan ; Cao, Xia ; Chen, Jingjing ; Wang, Qiang ; Xu, Wenqian ; Du, Pan ; Yu, Qingtong ; Chen, Jiaxin ; Spector, Myron ; Yu, Jiangnan ; Xu, Ximing</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c531t-d75fc279157cda966048a7edb07b66ddafa1c1f8ed1091a88788313f3b0667a93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Alginates</topic><topic>Alginates - chemical synthesis</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Carbon</topic><topic>Carbon - chemistry</topic><topic>Carbon quantum dots</topic><topic>Cationic</topic><topic>Cations</topic><topic>Cell Death</topic><topic>Cell Line</topic><topic>Cellular uptake</topic><topic>DNA - metabolism</topic><topic>Electrophoresis, Agar Gel</topic><topic>Endocytosis</topic><topic>Gene delivery</topic><topic>Gene Transfer Techniques</topic><topic>Genes</topic><topic>Glucuronic Acid - chemical synthesis</topic><topic>Hexuronic Acids - chemical synthesis</topic><topic>Luminescence</topic><topic>Mathematical analysis</topic><topic>Medical imaging</topic><topic>Microscopy, Confocal</topic><topic>Photoelectron Spectroscopy</topic><topic>Photoluminescence</topic><topic>Plasmids - metabolism</topic><topic>Quantum dots</topic><topic>Quantum Dots - chemistry</topic><topic>Quantum Dots - ultrastructure</topic><topic>Sodium alginate</topic><topic>Solutions</topic><topic>Static Electricity</topic><topic>Transfection</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Jie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Deng, Wenwen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Yan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cao, Xia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Jingjing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Qiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Wenqian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Du, Pan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yu, Qingtong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Jiaxin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Spector, Myron</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yu, Jiangnan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Ximing</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Acta biomaterialia</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zhou, Jie</au><au>Deng, Wenwen</au><au>Wang, Yan</au><au>Cao, Xia</au><au>Chen, Jingjing</au><au>Wang, Qiang</au><au>Xu, Wenqian</au><au>Du, Pan</au><au>Yu, Qingtong</au><au>Chen, Jiaxin</au><au>Spector, Myron</au><au>Yu, Jiangnan</au><au>Xu, Ximing</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Cationic carbon quantum dots derived from alginate for gene delivery: One-step synthesis and cellular uptake</atitle><jtitle>Acta biomaterialia</jtitle><addtitle>Acta Biomater</addtitle><date>2016-09-15</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>42</volume><spage>209</spage><epage>219</epage><pages>209-219</pages><issn>1742-7061</issn><eissn>1878-7568</eissn><abstract>[Display omitted]
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs), unlike semiconductor quantum dots, possess fine biocompatibility, excellent upconversion properties, high photostability and low toxicity. Here, we report multifunctional CQDs which were developed using alginate, 3% hydrogen peroxide and double distilled water through a facile, eco-friendly and inexpensive one-step hydrothermal carbonization route. In this reaction, the alginate served as both the carbon source and the cationization agent. The resulting CQDs exhibited strong and stable fluorescence with water-dispersible and positively-charged properties which could serve as an excellent DNA condensation. As non-viral gene vector being used for the first time, the CQDs showed considerably high transfection efficiency (comparable to Lipofectamine2000 and significantly higher than PEI, p<0.05) and negligible toxicity. The photoluminescence properties of CQDs also permitted easy tracking of the cellular-uptake. The findings showed that both caveolae- and clathrin-mediated endocytosis pathways were involved in the internalization process of CQDs/pDNA complexes. Taken together, the alginate-derived photoluminescent CQDs hold great potential in biomedical applications due to their dual role as efficient non-viral gene vectors and bioimaging probes.
This manuscript describes a facile and simple one-step hydrothermal carbonization route for preparing optically tunable photoluminescent carbon quantum dots (CQDs) from a novel raw material, alginate. These CQDs enjoy low cytotoxicity, positive zeta potential, excellent ability to condense macromolecular DNA, and most importantly, notably high transfection efficiency. The interesting finding is that the negatively-charged alginate can convert into positively charged CQDs without adding any cationic reagents. The significance of this study is that the cationic carbon quantum dots play dual roles as both non-viral gene vectors and bioimaging probes at the same time, which are most desirable in many fields of applications such as gene therapy, drug delivery, and bioimaging.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>27321673</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.actbio.2016.06.021</doi><tpages>11</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Alginates Alginates - chemical synthesis Animals Carbon Carbon - chemistry Carbon quantum dots Cationic Cations Cell Death Cell Line Cellular uptake DNA - metabolism Electrophoresis, Agar Gel Endocytosis Gene delivery Gene Transfer Techniques Genes Glucuronic Acid - chemical synthesis Hexuronic Acids - chemical synthesis Luminescence Mathematical analysis Medical imaging Microscopy, Confocal Photoelectron Spectroscopy Photoluminescence Plasmids - metabolism Quantum dots Quantum Dots - chemistry Quantum Dots - ultrastructure Sodium alginate Solutions Static Electricity Transfection |
title | Cationic carbon quantum dots derived from alginate for gene delivery: One-step synthesis and cellular uptake |
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