Variations in lead, cadmium, arsenic, and mercury concentrations during honeybee wax processing using casting technology

Beeswax foundations are a necessary material in intensive modern beekeeping. Heavy metals can accumulate in these foundations for decades, as it is a common beekeeping practice to recycle wax. Beeswax samples were analysed using GFAAS for As, Cd, Pb, and Hg concentrations during the production of be...

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Veröffentlicht in:Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju 2016-09, Vol.67 (3), p.223-228
Hauptverfasser: Tlak Gajger, Ivana, Kosanović, Marina, Bilandžić, Nina, Sedak, Marija, Čalopek, Bruno
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container_title Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju
container_volume 67
creator Tlak Gajger, Ivana
Kosanović, Marina
Bilandžić, Nina
Sedak, Marija
Čalopek, Bruno
description Beeswax foundations are a necessary material in intensive modern beekeeping. Heavy metals can accumulate in these foundations for decades, as it is a common beekeeping practice to recycle wax. Beeswax samples were analysed using GFAAS for As, Cd, Pb, and Hg concentrations during the production of beeswax foundations using casting technology with a prolonged cooling and sedimentation phase. Significant differences were determined in the concentrations of As, Cd, Pb (p
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Heavy metals can accumulate in these foundations for decades, as it is a common beekeeping practice to recycle wax. Beeswax samples were analysed using GFAAS for As, Cd, Pb, and Hg concentrations during the production of beeswax foundations using casting technology with a prolonged cooling and sedimentation phase. Significant differences were determined in the concentrations of As, Cd, Pb (p&lt;0.01, all), and Hg (p&lt;0.05) between the three levels of wax in a double-walled steel casting container and comb foundations (CF) during the processing stage. Concentrations (mg kg ) of the examined metals in comb foundations as the final product ranged as follows: As 0.01-0.88; Cd 1.26-3.55; Pb 82.5-171, and Hg 0.29-1.46. All examined element concentrations demonstrated similar distribution and ratio in different layers, ranging from the lowest concentrations in layers from which wax material is used for comb foundations as the final product, to the highest concentrations in sedimented layer, which represents waste. 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subjects Animals
arsenic
Arsenic - analysis
Bees
beeswax
cadmium
Cadmium - analysis
comb foundations
Croatia
Environmental Monitoring
lead
Lead - analysis
mercury
Mercury - analysis
Metals, Heavy - analysis
Waxes - chemistry
title Variations in lead, cadmium, arsenic, and mercury concentrations during honeybee wax processing using casting technology
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