Promoting Difficult Carbon-Carbon Couplings: Which Ligand Does Best?

A Pd complex, cis‐[Pd(C6F5)2(THF)2] (1), is proposed as a useful touchstone for direct and simple experimental measurement of the relative ability of ancillary ligands to induce C−C coupling. Interestingly, 1 is also a good alternative to other precatalysts used to produce Pd0L. Complex 1 ranks the...

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Veröffentlicht in:Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2016-10, Vol.55 (42), p.13276-13280
Hauptverfasser: Gioria, Estefanía, del Pozo, Juan, Martínez-Ilarduya, Jesús M., Espinet, Pablo
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container_issue 42
container_start_page 13276
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creator Gioria, Estefanía
del Pozo, Juan
Martínez-Ilarduya, Jesús M.
Espinet, Pablo
description A Pd complex, cis‐[Pd(C6F5)2(THF)2] (1), is proposed as a useful touchstone for direct and simple experimental measurement of the relative ability of ancillary ligands to induce C−C coupling. Interestingly, 1 is also a good alternative to other precatalysts used to produce Pd0L. Complex 1 ranks the coupling ability of some popular ligands in the order PtBu3>o‐TolPEWO‐F≈tBuXPhos>P(C6F5)3≈PhPEWO‐F>P(o‐Tol)3≈THF≈tBuBrettPhos≫Xantphos≈PhPEWO‐H≫PPh3 according to their initial coupling rates, whereas their efficiency, depending on competitive hydrolysis, is ranked tBuXPhos≈PtBu3≈o‐TolPEWO‐F>PhPEWO‐F>P(C6F5)3≫tBuBrettPhos>THF≈P(o‐Tol)3>Xantphos>PhPEWO‐H≫PPh3. This “meter” also detects some other possible virtues or complications of ligands such as tBuXPhos or tBuBrettPhos. Squeezing cross‐coupling products: Complex cis‐[Pd(C6F5)2(THF)2] was used as a meter to quantify directly the efficiency of ligands to promote reductive elimination in carbon–carbon bond formation. The ligand could be ranked and compared to others. The complex is a good precatalyst for palladium(0) catalytic species PdLn.
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Chem. Int. Ed</addtitle><description>A Pd complex, cis‐[Pd(C6F5)2(THF)2] (1), is proposed as a useful touchstone for direct and simple experimental measurement of the relative ability of ancillary ligands to induce C−C coupling. Interestingly, 1 is also a good alternative to other precatalysts used to produce Pd0L. Complex 1 ranks the coupling ability of some popular ligands in the order PtBu3&gt;o‐TolPEWO‐F≈tBuXPhos&gt;P(C6F5)3≈PhPEWO‐F&gt;P(o‐Tol)3≈THF≈tBuBrettPhos≫Xantphos≈PhPEWO‐H≫PPh3 according to their initial coupling rates, whereas their efficiency, depending on competitive hydrolysis, is ranked tBuXPhos≈PtBu3≈o‐TolPEWO‐F&gt;PhPEWO‐F&gt;P(C6F5)3≫tBuBrettPhos&gt;THF≈P(o‐Tol)3&gt;Xantphos&gt;PhPEWO‐H≫PPh3. This “meter” also detects some other possible virtues or complications of ligands such as tBuXPhos or tBuBrettPhos. 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subjects Complications
Couplings
cross-coupling mechanisms
homogeneous catalysis
Hydrolysis
Ligands
palladium catalysis
phosphines
reductive elimination
title Promoting Difficult Carbon-Carbon Couplings: Which Ligand Does Best?
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