Cognitive Predictors of a Common Multitasking Ability: Contributions From Working Memory, Attention Control, and Fluid Intelligence
Previous research has identified several cognitive abilities that are important for multitasking, but few studies have attempted to measure a general multitasking ability using a diverse set of multitasks. In the final dataset, 534 young adult subjects completed measures of working memory (WM), atte...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of experimental psychology. General 2016-11, Vol.145 (11), p.1473-1492 |
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| container_title | Journal of experimental psychology. General |
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| creator | Redick, Thomas S Shipstead, Zach Meier, Matthew E Montroy, Janelle J Hicks, Kenny L Unsworth, Nash Kane, Michael J Hambrick, D. Zachary Engle, Randall W |
| description | Previous research has identified several cognitive abilities that are important for multitasking, but few studies have attempted to measure a general multitasking ability using a diverse set of multitasks. In the final dataset, 534 young adult subjects completed measures of working memory (WM), attention control, fluid intelligence, and multitasking. Correlations, hierarchical regression analyses, confirmatory factor analyses, structural equation models, and relative weight analyses revealed several key findings. First, although the complex tasks used to assess multitasking differed greatly in their task characteristics and demands, a coherent construct specific to multitasking ability was identified. Second, the cognitive ability predictors accounted for substantial variance in the general multitasking construct, with WM and fluid intelligence accounting for the most multitasking variance compared to attention control. Third, the magnitude of the relationships among the cognitive abilities and multitasking varied as a function of the complexity and structure of the various multitasks assessed. Finally, structural equation models based on a multifaceted model of WM indicated that attention control and capacity fully mediated the WM and multitasking relationship. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1037/xge0000219 |
| format | Article |
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First, although the complex tasks used to assess multitasking differed greatly in their task characteristics and demands, a coherent construct specific to multitasking ability was identified. Second, the cognitive ability predictors accounted for substantial variance in the general multitasking construct, with WM and fluid intelligence accounting for the most multitasking variance compared to attention control. Third, the magnitude of the relationships among the cognitive abilities and multitasking varied as a function of the complexity and structure of the various multitasks assessed. 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Zachary</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Engle, Randall W</creatorcontrib><title>Cognitive Predictors of a Common Multitasking Ability: Contributions From Working Memory, Attention Control, and Fluid Intelligence</title><title>Journal of experimental psychology. General</title><addtitle>J Exp Psychol Gen</addtitle><description>Previous research has identified several cognitive abilities that are important for multitasking, but few studies have attempted to measure a general multitasking ability using a diverse set of multitasks. In the final dataset, 534 young adult subjects completed measures of working memory (WM), attention control, fluid intelligence, and multitasking. Correlations, hierarchical regression analyses, confirmatory factor analyses, structural equation models, and relative weight analyses revealed several key findings. First, although the complex tasks used to assess multitasking differed greatly in their task characteristics and demands, a coherent construct specific to multitasking ability was identified. Second, the cognitive ability predictors accounted for substantial variance in the general multitasking construct, with WM and fluid intelligence accounting for the most multitasking variance compared to attention control. Third, the magnitude of the relationships among the cognitive abilities and multitasking varied as a function of the complexity and structure of the various multitasks assessed. Finally, structural equation models based on a multifaceted model of WM indicated that attention control and capacity fully mediated the WM and multitasking relationship.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aptitude</subject><subject>Attention</subject><subject>Auditory Perception</subject><subject>Cognition</subject><subject>Cognitive ability</subject><subject>Control</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fluid Intelligence</subject><subject>Human</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Intelligence</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Memory</subject><subject>Memory, Short-Term</subject><subject>Multitasking</subject><subject>Problem Solving</subject><subject>Psychology</subject><subject>Psychomotor Performance</subject><subject>Reaction Time</subject><subject>Saccades</subject><subject>Short Term Memory</subject><subject>Space Perception</subject><subject>Visual Perception</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0096-3445</issn><issn>1939-2222</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp90c9rFDEUB_AgFrutXvwDJOBFpFOTSSY_vC2LawstelA8hkySWVJnkjXJlO65_3izblXowXd5h_fh8XhfAF5jdI4R4R_uNg7VarF8BhZYEtm0tZ6DBUKSNYTS7hic5HyzR0SwF-C45VzyruMLcL-Km-CLv3Xwa3LWmxJThnGAGq7iNMUAr-ex-KLzTx82cNn70ZfdxzoMJfl-Lj6GDNcpTvBHTL_NtZti2p3BZSku7OcHHMczqIOF63H2Fl6G4sbRb1ww7iU4GvSY3avHfgq-rz99W100V18-X66WV42mWJSGtD0TVgzaSEEQs5o70RLppMU9ZQNHVJIeM81IR5nDVDArDOs5pu1gdU_IKXh32LtN8dfsclGTz6aeoYOLc1ZYEColZ0RU-vYJvYlzCvW6qihiAmOK_q9Ih3gNo63q_UGZFHNOblDb5CeddgojtQ9Q_Quw4jePK-d-cvYv_ZNYBecHoLdabfPO6FS8GV02c0r13_tlCtNOYVwbJ-QBFGSl3g</recordid><startdate>201611</startdate><enddate>201611</enddate><creator>Redick, Thomas S</creator><creator>Shipstead, Zach</creator><creator>Meier, Matthew E</creator><creator>Montroy, Janelle J</creator><creator>Hicks, Kenny L</creator><creator>Unsworth, Nash</creator><creator>Kane, Michael J</creator><creator>Hambrick, D. 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| subjects | Adolescent Adult Aptitude Attention Auditory Perception Cognition Cognitive ability Control Female Fluid Intelligence Human Humans Intelligence Male Memory Memory, Short-Term Multitasking Problem Solving Psychology Psychomotor Performance Reaction Time Saccades Short Term Memory Space Perception Visual Perception Young Adult |
| title | Cognitive Predictors of a Common Multitasking Ability: Contributions From Working Memory, Attention Control, and Fluid Intelligence |
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