Monitoring genotoxicity in patients receiving chemotherapy for cancer: application of the PIG-A assay

•A human PIG-A assay was conducted.•The human PIG-A assay allows minimally invasive human genotoxic monitoring.•Blood samples collected from patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy were analyzed.•The human PIG-A assay could detect strong chemotherapy-induced genotoxicity.•The human PIG-A assay c...

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Veröffentlicht in:Mutation research. Genetic toxicology and environmental mutagenesis 2016-09, Vol.808, p.20-26
Hauptverfasser: Horibata, Katsuyoshi, Ukai, Akiko, Ishikawa, Shigeo, Sugano, Ayako, Honma, Masamitsu
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container_title Mutation research. Genetic toxicology and environmental mutagenesis
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creator Horibata, Katsuyoshi
Ukai, Akiko
Ishikawa, Shigeo
Sugano, Ayako
Honma, Masamitsu
description •A human PIG-A assay was conducted.•The human PIG-A assay allows minimally invasive human genotoxic monitoring.•Blood samples collected from patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy were analyzed.•The human PIG-A assay could detect strong chemotherapy-induced genotoxicity.•The human PIG-A assay could detect cumulative genotoxicity. The recently introduced Pig-a in vivo gene mutation assay measures endogeneous mutations of Pig-a (human, PIG-A), an X-linked gene that is conserved across species from rodents to humans. Flow cytometric analysis enables the enumeration of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor-deficient erythrocytes, resulting from a mutation in Pig-a/PIG-A, in only a few microliters of peripheral blood. Pig-a/PIG-A mutations appear to function in a neutral manner, allowing evaluation of the accumulated genotoxic effects of repeated exposures. To date, most Pig-a studies have been conducted in rodents; only a few reports regarding human applications of the PIG-A assay have been published. We have conducted a PIG-A assay in the context of human genotoxicity monitoring. Peripheral blood was collected from healthy human donors and chemotherapy-treated cancer patients at Yamagata University Hospital. To investigate the PIG-A mutant frequency (MF) induced by chemotherapy, red blood cells were analyzed via flow cytometry following staining with allophycocyanin-conjugated anti-CD235ab (erythrocyte specific) and fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated anti-CD59 antibodies (GPI-anchored protein specific). Reticulocyte frequencies (%RET) were also analyzed using a phycoerythrin-conjugated anti-CD71 antibody to monitor bone marrow suppression and reticulocytosis. Two of 27 patients exhibited a significantly elevated frequency of PIG-A mutants. Although we observed either a reduced or an increased %RET in all patients, no association was observed between this factor and the PIG-A MF. Unfortunately, we could not analyze blood samples collected before treatment during therapeutic processes. Additionally, the sampling time point for some patients was too short to express the PIG-A mutant phenotypes. Therefore, the possibility of natively high PIG-A MFs prior to treatment must be considered. The human PIG-A assay shows promise as a human genotoxicity monitoring method.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2016.08.002
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The recently introduced Pig-a in vivo gene mutation assay measures endogeneous mutations of Pig-a (human, PIG-A), an X-linked gene that is conserved across species from rodents to humans. Flow cytometric analysis enables the enumeration of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor-deficient erythrocytes, resulting from a mutation in Pig-a/PIG-A, in only a few microliters of peripheral blood. Pig-a/PIG-A mutations appear to function in a neutral manner, allowing evaluation of the accumulated genotoxic effects of repeated exposures. To date, most Pig-a studies have been conducted in rodents; only a few reports regarding human applications of the PIG-A assay have been published. We have conducted a PIG-A assay in the context of human genotoxicity monitoring. Peripheral blood was collected from healthy human donors and chemotherapy-treated cancer patients at Yamagata University Hospital. To investigate the PIG-A mutant frequency (MF) induced by chemotherapy, red blood cells were analyzed via flow cytometry following staining with allophycocyanin-conjugated anti-CD235ab (erythrocyte specific) and fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated anti-CD59 antibodies (GPI-anchored protein specific). Reticulocyte frequencies (%RET) were also analyzed using a phycoerythrin-conjugated anti-CD71 antibody to monitor bone marrow suppression and reticulocytosis. Two of 27 patients exhibited a significantly elevated frequency of PIG-A mutants. Although we observed either a reduced or an increased %RET in all patients, no association was observed between this factor and the PIG-A MF. Unfortunately, we could not analyze blood samples collected before treatment during therapeutic processes. Additionally, the sampling time point for some patients was too short to express the PIG-A mutant phenotypes. Therefore, the possibility of natively high PIG-A MFs prior to treatment must be considered. 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Genetic toxicology and environmental mutagenesis</jtitle><addtitle>Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen</addtitle><date>2016-09-15</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>808</volume><spage>20</spage><epage>26</epage><pages>20-26</pages><issn>1383-5718</issn><eissn>1879-3592</eissn><abstract>•A human PIG-A assay was conducted.•The human PIG-A assay allows minimally invasive human genotoxic monitoring.•Blood samples collected from patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy were analyzed.•The human PIG-A assay could detect strong chemotherapy-induced genotoxicity.•The human PIG-A assay could detect cumulative genotoxicity. The recently introduced Pig-a in vivo gene mutation assay measures endogeneous mutations of Pig-a (human, PIG-A), an X-linked gene that is conserved across species from rodents to humans. Flow cytometric analysis enables the enumeration of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor-deficient erythrocytes, resulting from a mutation in Pig-a/PIG-A, in only a few microliters of peripheral blood. Pig-a/PIG-A mutations appear to function in a neutral manner, allowing evaluation of the accumulated genotoxic effects of repeated exposures. To date, most Pig-a studies have been conducted in rodents; only a few reports regarding human applications of the PIG-A assay have been published. We have conducted a PIG-A assay in the context of human genotoxicity monitoring. Peripheral blood was collected from healthy human donors and chemotherapy-treated cancer patients at Yamagata University Hospital. To investigate the PIG-A mutant frequency (MF) induced by chemotherapy, red blood cells were analyzed via flow cytometry following staining with allophycocyanin-conjugated anti-CD235ab (erythrocyte specific) and fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated anti-CD59 antibodies (GPI-anchored protein specific). Reticulocyte frequencies (%RET) were also analyzed using a phycoerythrin-conjugated anti-CD71 antibody to monitor bone marrow suppression and reticulocytosis. Two of 27 patients exhibited a significantly elevated frequency of PIG-A mutants. Although we observed either a reduced or an increased %RET in all patients, no association was observed between this factor and the PIG-A MF. Unfortunately, we could not analyze blood samples collected before treatment during therapeutic processes. Additionally, the sampling time point for some patients was too short to express the PIG-A mutant phenotypes. Therefore, the possibility of natively high PIG-A MFs prior to treatment must be considered. The human PIG-A assay shows promise as a human genotoxicity monitoring method.</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>27637482</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.mrgentox.2016.08.002</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Antineoplastic Agents - adverse effects
Antineoplastic Agents - therapeutic use
Cancer
Chemotherapy
Erythrocytes - drug effects
Female
Genetics
Genotoxicity
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor
Humans
Male
Membrane Proteins - genetics
Middle Aged
Mutagenicity Tests - methods
Mutation
Mutation Rate
Neoplasms - drug therapy
Red blood cell
Reticulocytes - drug effects
Sampling
Toxicity
title Monitoring genotoxicity in patients receiving chemotherapy for cancer: application of the PIG-A assay
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