Multi-scale reference conditions in an interior pine-dominated landscape in northeastern California
•Crown area of these stands were open (mean crown area=25 percent).•Small tree densities were more variable and highly skewed than larger trees.•Trees classed as mature or over mature dominated crown area.•Variability the landscape generally diminished as scale of the area increased. A plot-based ce...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Forest ecology and management 2016-10, Vol.378, p.233-243 |
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| creator | Ritchie, Martin W. |
| description | •Crown area of these stands were open (mean crown area=25 percent).•Small tree densities were more variable and highly skewed than larger trees.•Trees classed as mature or over mature dominated crown area.•Variability the landscape generally diminished as scale of the area increased.
A plot-based census was conducted of trees >8.9cm in breast height diameter in a 4000ha forest in northeastern California in 1933 and 1934, prior to any harvest activity. The trees were tallied by size class and species on contiguous plots specified to be 1.01ha in size, although some plots had a forested area less than this specification due to natural openings in the forest. In general, variability in all metrics declined as scale increased across a range from 1ha to 244ha, although much of this variability was in the tails; the inner quartile range appeared to be more stable, particularly so for crown area. Although metrics were derived at a smaller scale ( |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.07.017 |
| format | Article |
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A plot-based census was conducted of trees >8.9cm in breast height diameter in a 4000ha forest in northeastern California in 1933 and 1934, prior to any harvest activity. The trees were tallied by size class and species on contiguous plots specified to be 1.01ha in size, although some plots had a forested area less than this specification due to natural openings in the forest. In general, variability in all metrics declined as scale increased across a range from 1ha to 244ha, although much of this variability was in the tails; the inner quartile range appeared to be more stable, particularly so for crown area. Although metrics were derived at a smaller scale (<1ha) from partial plots, these may be unreliable due to the study design and possible confounding factors. The landscape distribution of tree sizes was bimodal and skew positive with a maximum tree size of 189.2cm. However locally the distribution of tree sizes was more ragged and variable in shape. Species distribution appears to have shifted in a direction away from pine dominance in the years since the census was conducted. Historically, these stands were approximately 86 percent pine by basal area, with some variation depending on slope position. The stem density was dominated by young, thrifty-mature trees of good or moderate vigor but basal area and crown area was dominated by mature or over-mature trees with moderate or poor vigor. Crown area tended to be low with 90 percent of observations between 13 and 35 percent at the 1ha scale.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0378-1127</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1872-7042</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.07.017</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Biomass ; Crown area ; Ponderosa pine ; Stand density</subject><ispartof>Forest ecology and management, 2016-10, Vol.378, p.233-243</ispartof><rights>2016</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c385t-2bc435b6707653f47291746c4eb7f976ccd9ab5052b691ada23b88302ea83ede3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c385t-2bc435b6707653f47291746c4eb7f976ccd9ab5052b691ada23b88302ea83ede3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378112716303644$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ritchie, Martin W.</creatorcontrib><title>Multi-scale reference conditions in an interior pine-dominated landscape in northeastern California</title><title>Forest ecology and management</title><description>•Crown area of these stands were open (mean crown area=25 percent).•Small tree densities were more variable and highly skewed than larger trees.•Trees classed as mature or over mature dominated crown area.•Variability the landscape generally diminished as scale of the area increased.
A plot-based census was conducted of trees >8.9cm in breast height diameter in a 4000ha forest in northeastern California in 1933 and 1934, prior to any harvest activity. The trees were tallied by size class and species on contiguous plots specified to be 1.01ha in size, although some plots had a forested area less than this specification due to natural openings in the forest. In general, variability in all metrics declined as scale increased across a range from 1ha to 244ha, although much of this variability was in the tails; the inner quartile range appeared to be more stable, particularly so for crown area. Although metrics were derived at a smaller scale (<1ha) from partial plots, these may be unreliable due to the study design and possible confounding factors. The landscape distribution of tree sizes was bimodal and skew positive with a maximum tree size of 189.2cm. However locally the distribution of tree sizes was more ragged and variable in shape. Species distribution appears to have shifted in a direction away from pine dominance in the years since the census was conducted. Historically, these stands were approximately 86 percent pine by basal area, with some variation depending on slope position. The stem density was dominated by young, thrifty-mature trees of good or moderate vigor but basal area and crown area was dominated by mature or over-mature trees with moderate or poor vigor. Crown area tended to be low with 90 percent of observations between 13 and 35 percent at the 1ha scale.</description><subject>Biomass</subject><subject>Crown area</subject><subject>Ponderosa pine</subject><subject>Stand density</subject><issn>0378-1127</issn><issn>1872-7042</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kE1LxDAURYMoOI7-AxddumnNR9ukG0EGv2DEja5DmrxiSiepSUbw35tS127yCJx7ee8gdE1wRTBpb8dq8AG0r2j-VZhXmPATtCGC05Ljmp6iDWZclIRQfo4uYhwxxk1Tiw3Sr8cp2TJqNUERYIAATkOhvTM2We9iYV2hXH4TBOtDMVsHpfEH61QCU0zKmRyeYeGcD-kTVMyoK3ZqsnktZ9UlOhvUFOHqb27Rx-PD--653L89vezu96Vmokkl7XXNmr7lmLcNG2pOO8LrVtfQ86HjrdamU32DG9q3HVFGUdYLwTAFJRgYYFt0s_bOwX8dISZ5sFHDlHcEf4ySCMo7gnNvRusV1cHHmO-Wc7AHFX4kwXJxKke5OpWLU4m5zE5z7G6NQT7j20KQUdtFmLGZTdJ4-3_BL0Hag08</recordid><startdate>20161015</startdate><enddate>20161015</enddate><creator>Ritchie, Martin W.</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>SOI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20161015</creationdate><title>Multi-scale reference conditions in an interior pine-dominated landscape in northeastern California</title><author>Ritchie, Martin W.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c385t-2bc435b6707653f47291746c4eb7f976ccd9ab5052b691ada23b88302ea83ede3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Biomass</topic><topic>Crown area</topic><topic>Ponderosa pine</topic><topic>Stand density</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ritchie, Martin W.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Forest ecology and management</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ritchie, Martin W.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Multi-scale reference conditions in an interior pine-dominated landscape in northeastern California</atitle><jtitle>Forest ecology and management</jtitle><date>2016-10-15</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>378</volume><spage>233</spage><epage>243</epage><pages>233-243</pages><issn>0378-1127</issn><eissn>1872-7042</eissn><abstract>•Crown area of these stands were open (mean crown area=25 percent).•Small tree densities were more variable and highly skewed than larger trees.•Trees classed as mature or over mature dominated crown area.•Variability the landscape generally diminished as scale of the area increased.
A plot-based census was conducted of trees >8.9cm in breast height diameter in a 4000ha forest in northeastern California in 1933 and 1934, prior to any harvest activity. The trees were tallied by size class and species on contiguous plots specified to be 1.01ha in size, although some plots had a forested area less than this specification due to natural openings in the forest. In general, variability in all metrics declined as scale increased across a range from 1ha to 244ha, although much of this variability was in the tails; the inner quartile range appeared to be more stable, particularly so for crown area. Although metrics were derived at a smaller scale (<1ha) from partial plots, these may be unreliable due to the study design and possible confounding factors. The landscape distribution of tree sizes was bimodal and skew positive with a maximum tree size of 189.2cm. However locally the distribution of tree sizes was more ragged and variable in shape. Species distribution appears to have shifted in a direction away from pine dominance in the years since the census was conducted. Historically, these stands were approximately 86 percent pine by basal area, with some variation depending on slope position. The stem density was dominated by young, thrifty-mature trees of good or moderate vigor but basal area and crown area was dominated by mature or over-mature trees with moderate or poor vigor. Crown area tended to be low with 90 percent of observations between 13 and 35 percent at the 1ha scale.</abstract><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><doi>10.1016/j.foreco.2016.07.017</doi><tpages>11</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Forest ecology and management, 2016-10, Vol.378, p.233-243 |
| issn | 0378-1127 1872-7042 |
| language | eng |
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| source | Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals |
| subjects | Biomass Crown area Ponderosa pine Stand density |
| title | Multi-scale reference conditions in an interior pine-dominated landscape in northeastern California |
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