Concentration and size distribution of particulate oxalate in marine and coastal atmospheres – Implication for the increased importance of oxalate in nanometer atmospheric particles
In literature, particulate oxalate has been widely studied in the total suspended particles (TSP), particles 100 nm. In this article, we measured oxalate's concentrations in size-segregated atmospheric particles down to 10 nm or 56 nm during eight campaigns performed at a semi-urban coastal sit...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Atmospheric environment (1994) 2016-10, Vol.142, p.19-31 |
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| creator | Guo, Tianfeng Li, Kai Zhu, Yujiao Gao, Huiwang Yao, Xiaohong |
| description | In literature, particulate oxalate has been widely studied in the total suspended particles (TSP), particles 100 nm. In this article, we measured oxalate's concentrations in size-segregated atmospheric particles down to 10 nm or 56 nm during eight campaigns performed at a semi-urban coastal site, over the marginal seas of China and from the marginal seas to the northwest Pacific Ocean (NWPO) in 2012–2015. When the sum of the oxalate's concentration in particles 100 nm.•Oxalate in 0.01–0.056 μm particles were increased on the NPF-event days.•The mass ratio of oxalate to sulfate were greatly increased in particles |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.07.026 |
| format | Article |
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•∼80% of particulate oxalate mass existed in atmospheric particles >100 nm.•Oxalate in 0.01–0.056 μm particles were increased on the NPF-event days.•The mass ratio of oxalate to sulfate were greatly increased in particles <56 nm.•The study of particulate oxalate should concentrate in the nanometer size range.]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 1352-2310</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-2844</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.07.026</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Nanometer particles ; New particle formation ; Oxalate ; Submicron particles ; Sulfate</subject><ispartof>Atmospheric environment (1994), 2016-10, Vol.142, p.19-31</ispartof><rights>2016 Elsevier Ltd</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c411t-c8cce87eab6feeee0fe9654f70750eeae518434f0f99658aa8736cc510c8e9e03</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c411t-c8cce87eab6feeee0fe9654f70750eeae518434f0f99658aa8736cc510c8e9e03</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.07.026$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3536,27904,27905,45975</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Guo, Tianfeng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Kai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhu, Yujiao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gao, Huiwang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yao, Xiaohong</creatorcontrib><title>Concentration and size distribution of particulate oxalate in marine and coastal atmospheres – Implication for the increased importance of oxalate in nanometer atmospheric particles</title><title>Atmospheric environment (1994)</title><description><![CDATA[In literature, particulate oxalate has been widely studied in the total suspended particles (TSP), particles <10 μm or 2.5 μm (PM10 and PM2.5) and size-segregated particles >100 nm. In this article, we measured oxalate's concentrations in size-segregated atmospheric particles down to 10 nm or 56 nm during eight campaigns performed at a semi-urban coastal site, over the marginal seas of China and from the marginal seas to the northwest Pacific Ocean (NWPO) in 2012–2015. When the sum of the oxalate's concentration in particles <10 μm was used for intercomparison, the lowest average values of 0.05–0.06 μg m−3 were observed during the two campaigns performed at NWPO. The highest average value of 0.38 μg m−3 was observed at the coastal site during a heavy pollution event. Mode analysis results of particulate oxalate and the correlation between oxalate and sulfate suggested that the elevated concentrations of oxalate in PM10 were mainly related to enhanced in-cloud formation of oxalate via anthropogenic precursors. Size distribution data in the total of 136 sets of samples also showed approximately 80% of particulate oxalate's mass existing in atmospheric particles >100 nm. Consistent with previous studies, particulate oxalate in particles >100 nm was a negligible ionic component when comparing to particulate SO42− in the same size range. However, the mole ratios of oxalate/sulfate in particles <100 nm were generally increased by 1–2 orders of magnitude. In approximately 30% of the samples, the mole ratios in atmospheric particles <56 nm were larger than 0.5. Moreover, during Campaign 5, the oxalate's concentrations in <56 nm particles were substantially increased on the days in presence of new particle formation events. These results strongly imply the importance of oxalate in nanometer atmospheric particles, but not in >100 nm atmospheric particles such as PM2.5, PM10, TSP, etc.
•∼80% of particulate oxalate mass existed in atmospheric particles >100 nm.•Oxalate in 0.01–0.056 μm particles were increased on the NPF-event days.•The mass ratio of oxalate to sulfate were greatly increased in particles <56 nm.•The study of particulate oxalate should concentrate in the nanometer size range.]]></description><subject>Nanometer particles</subject><subject>New particle formation</subject><subject>Oxalate</subject><subject>Submicron particles</subject><subject>Sulfate</subject><issn>1352-2310</issn><issn>1873-2844</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFUcuO1DAQjBBILAu_gHzkktDOy84NNOKx0kpc4Gz1dtpajxI72J4VcOIf-Bj-hy_BM7MIbvjSdqurulxVVc8lNBLk-HLfYF5DYn_XtOXdgGqgHR9UF1Krrm513z8s925o67aT8Lh6ktIeADo1qYvq5y54Yp8jZhe8QD-L5L6xmF3K0d0cTt1gxYYxOzosmFmEL3iqzosVo_N8glHAlHERJzHbLUdO4tf3H-Jq3RZHZ3obosi3RyRFxsSzcOsWYsai4bjlH2aPPqycOf4ldHQvY-H0tHpkcUn87L5eVp_evvm4e19ff3h3tXt9XVMvZa5JE7FWjDej5XLA8jQOvVWgBmBGHqTuu96CnUpfIxbLRqJBAmmeGLrL6sWZd4vh84FTNqtLxMuCnsMhGalbNYHSWpfR8TxKMaQU2ZotumLQVyPBHJMye_MnKXNMyoAyJakCfHUGcvnIneNoEjkulswuMmUzB_c_it8Waqg_</recordid><startdate>201610</startdate><enddate>201610</enddate><creator>Guo, Tianfeng</creator><creator>Li, Kai</creator><creator>Zhu, Yujiao</creator><creator>Gao, Huiwang</creator><creator>Yao, Xiaohong</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>SOI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201610</creationdate><title>Concentration and size distribution of particulate oxalate in marine and coastal atmospheres – Implication for the increased importance of oxalate in nanometer atmospheric particles</title><author>Guo, Tianfeng ; Li, Kai ; Zhu, Yujiao ; Gao, Huiwang ; Yao, Xiaohong</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c411t-c8cce87eab6feeee0fe9654f70750eeae518434f0f99658aa8736cc510c8e9e03</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Nanometer particles</topic><topic>New particle formation</topic><topic>Oxalate</topic><topic>Submicron particles</topic><topic>Sulfate</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Guo, Tianfeng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Kai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhu, Yujiao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gao, Huiwang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yao, Xiaohong</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Atmospheric environment (1994)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Guo, Tianfeng</au><au>Li, Kai</au><au>Zhu, Yujiao</au><au>Gao, Huiwang</au><au>Yao, Xiaohong</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Concentration and size distribution of particulate oxalate in marine and coastal atmospheres – Implication for the increased importance of oxalate in nanometer atmospheric particles</atitle><jtitle>Atmospheric environment (1994)</jtitle><date>2016-10</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>142</volume><spage>19</spage><epage>31</epage><pages>19-31</pages><issn>1352-2310</issn><eissn>1873-2844</eissn><abstract><![CDATA[In literature, particulate oxalate has been widely studied in the total suspended particles (TSP), particles <10 μm or 2.5 μm (PM10 and PM2.5) and size-segregated particles >100 nm. In this article, we measured oxalate's concentrations in size-segregated atmospheric particles down to 10 nm or 56 nm during eight campaigns performed at a semi-urban coastal site, over the marginal seas of China and from the marginal seas to the northwest Pacific Ocean (NWPO) in 2012–2015. When the sum of the oxalate's concentration in particles <10 μm was used for intercomparison, the lowest average values of 0.05–0.06 μg m−3 were observed during the two campaigns performed at NWPO. The highest average value of 0.38 μg m−3 was observed at the coastal site during a heavy pollution event. Mode analysis results of particulate oxalate and the correlation between oxalate and sulfate suggested that the elevated concentrations of oxalate in PM10 were mainly related to enhanced in-cloud formation of oxalate via anthropogenic precursors. Size distribution data in the total of 136 sets of samples also showed approximately 80% of particulate oxalate's mass existing in atmospheric particles >100 nm. Consistent with previous studies, particulate oxalate in particles >100 nm was a negligible ionic component when comparing to particulate SO42− in the same size range. However, the mole ratios of oxalate/sulfate in particles <100 nm were generally increased by 1–2 orders of magnitude. In approximately 30% of the samples, the mole ratios in atmospheric particles <56 nm were larger than 0.5. Moreover, during Campaign 5, the oxalate's concentrations in <56 nm particles were substantially increased on the days in presence of new particle formation events. These results strongly imply the importance of oxalate in nanometer atmospheric particles, but not in >100 nm atmospheric particles such as PM2.5, PM10, TSP, etc.
•∼80% of particulate oxalate mass existed in atmospheric particles >100 nm.•Oxalate in 0.01–0.056 μm particles were increased on the NPF-event days.•The mass ratio of oxalate to sulfate were greatly increased in particles <56 nm.•The study of particulate oxalate should concentrate in the nanometer size range.]]></abstract><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><doi>10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.07.026</doi><tpages>13</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Nanometer particles New particle formation Oxalate Submicron particles Sulfate |
| title | Concentration and size distribution of particulate oxalate in marine and coastal atmospheres – Implication for the increased importance of oxalate in nanometer atmospheric particles |
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