The teleost head kidney: Integrating thyroid and immune signalling
The head kidney, analogous to the mammalian adrenal gland, is an organ unique for teleost fish. It comprises cytokine-producing lymphoid cells from the immune system and endocrine cells secreting cortisol, catecholamines, and thyroid hormones. The intimate organization of the immune system and endoc...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Developmental and comparative immunology 2017-01, Vol.66, p.73-83 |
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| description | The head kidney, analogous to the mammalian adrenal gland, is an organ unique for teleost fish. It comprises cytokine-producing lymphoid cells from the immune system and endocrine cells secreting cortisol, catecholamines, and thyroid hormones. The intimate organization of the immune system and endocrine system in one single organ makes bidirectional signalling between these possible. In this review we explore putative interactions between the thyroid and immune system in the head kidney. We give a short overview of the thyroid system, and consider the evidence for the presence of thyroid follicles in the head kidney as a normal, healthy trait in fishes. From mammalian studies we gather data on the effects of three important pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6) on the thyroid system. A general picture that emerges is that pro-inflammatory cytokines inhibit the activity of the thyroid system at different targets. Extrapolating from these studies, we suggest that the interaction of the thyroid system by paracrine actions of cytokines in the head kidney is involved in fine-tuning the availability and redistribution of energy substrates during acclimation processes such as an immune response or stress response.
•The intimate organization of the immune system and endocrine system in the teleost head kidney makes bidirectional signalling between these possible.•The presence of thyroid follicles in the head kidney as a normal, healthy trait in fishes.•In mammals, the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6 have, in general, an inhibitory effect on the thyroid system.•The interaction of the thyroid system by paracrine actions of cytokines in the head kidney is likely to be involved in fine-tuning the availability of energy substrates during an immune or stress response. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.dci.2016.06.025 |
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•The intimate organization of the immune system and endocrine system in the teleost head kidney makes bidirectional signalling between these possible.•The presence of thyroid follicles in the head kidney as a normal, healthy trait in fishes.•In mammals, the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6 have, in general, an inhibitory effect on the thyroid system.•The interaction of the thyroid system by paracrine actions of cytokines in the head kidney is likely to be involved in fine-tuning the availability of energy substrates during an immune or stress response.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0145-305X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-0089</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2016.06.025</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27387152</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Acclimation ; Acclimatization ; Adrenal glands ; Animals ; Catecholamines ; Cortisol ; Cytokines ; Cytokines - metabolism ; Endocrine system ; Energy Metabolism ; Energy resources ; Evolution ; Fish ; Fishes - physiology ; Follicles ; Head kidney ; Head Kidney - physiology ; Hormones ; Humans ; Immune response ; Immune system ; Immunity ; Inflammation ; Interleukin 6 ; Kidneys ; Lymphoid cells ; Mammals ; Neuroimmunomodulation ; Paracrine Communication ; Paracrine signalling ; Pro-inflammatory cytokines ; Signal Transduction ; Stress response ; Stress, Physiological - immunology ; Substrates ; Thyroid ; Thyroid gland ; Thyroid Gland - physiology ; Thyroid hormone ; Thyroid hormones ; Tumor necrosis factor-α</subject><ispartof>Developmental and comparative immunology, 2017-01, Vol.66, p.73-83</ispartof><rights>2016 The Authors</rights><rights>Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier Science Ltd. Jan 2017</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c494t-1b1514767aebac124f59c075ffff7b6fe2bdef2c6253667bbeab227015a2da8d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c494t-1b1514767aebac124f59c075ffff7b6fe2bdef2c6253667bbeab227015a2da8d3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-4191-4661</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dci.2016.06.025$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27387152$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Geven, Edwin J.W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Klaren, Peter H.M.</creatorcontrib><title>The teleost head kidney: Integrating thyroid and immune signalling</title><title>Developmental and comparative immunology</title><addtitle>Dev Comp Immunol</addtitle><description>The head kidney, analogous to the mammalian adrenal gland, is an organ unique for teleost fish. It comprises cytokine-producing lymphoid cells from the immune system and endocrine cells secreting cortisol, catecholamines, and thyroid hormones. The intimate organization of the immune system and endocrine system in one single organ makes bidirectional signalling between these possible. In this review we explore putative interactions between the thyroid and immune system in the head kidney. We give a short overview of the thyroid system, and consider the evidence for the presence of thyroid follicles in the head kidney as a normal, healthy trait in fishes. From mammalian studies we gather data on the effects of three important pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6) on the thyroid system. A general picture that emerges is that pro-inflammatory cytokines inhibit the activity of the thyroid system at different targets. Extrapolating from these studies, we suggest that the interaction of the thyroid system by paracrine actions of cytokines in the head kidney is involved in fine-tuning the availability and redistribution of energy substrates during acclimation processes such as an immune response or stress response.
•The intimate organization of the immune system and endocrine system in the teleost head kidney makes bidirectional signalling between these possible.•The presence of thyroid follicles in the head kidney as a normal, healthy trait in fishes.•In mammals, the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6 have, in general, an inhibitory effect on the thyroid system.•The interaction of the thyroid system by paracrine actions of cytokines in the head kidney is likely to be involved in fine-tuning the availability of energy substrates during an immune or stress response.</description><subject>Acclimation</subject><subject>Acclimatization</subject><subject>Adrenal glands</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Catecholamines</subject><subject>Cortisol</subject><subject>Cytokines</subject><subject>Cytokines - metabolism</subject><subject>Endocrine system</subject><subject>Energy Metabolism</subject><subject>Energy resources</subject><subject>Evolution</subject><subject>Fish</subject><subject>Fishes - physiology</subject><subject>Follicles</subject><subject>Head kidney</subject><subject>Head Kidney - physiology</subject><subject>Hormones</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immune response</subject><subject>Immune system</subject><subject>Immunity</subject><subject>Inflammation</subject><subject>Interleukin 6</subject><subject>Kidneys</subject><subject>Lymphoid cells</subject><subject>Mammals</subject><subject>Neuroimmunomodulation</subject><subject>Paracrine Communication</subject><subject>Paracrine signalling</subject><subject>Pro-inflammatory cytokines</subject><subject>Signal Transduction</subject><subject>Stress response</subject><subject>Stress, Physiological - immunology</subject><subject>Substrates</subject><subject>Thyroid</subject><subject>Thyroid gland</subject><subject>Thyroid Gland - physiology</subject><subject>Thyroid hormone</subject><subject>Thyroid hormones</subject><subject>Tumor necrosis factor-α</subject><issn>0145-305X</issn><issn>1879-0089</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kE1LAzEQhoMotlZ_gBdZ8OJla5LdJLt60uJHoeClgreQTWbbrPtRk12h_96UqgcPDgMTmGdewoPQOcFTggm_rqZG2ykNzykOTdkBGpNM5DHGWX6IxpikLE4wexuhE-8rHCoj-BiNqEgyQRgdo_vlGqIeauh8H61Bmejdmha2N9G87WHlVG_bVdSvt66zJlKtiWzTDC1E3q5aVddhe4qOSlV7OPueE_T6-LCcPceLl6f57G4R6zRP-5gUhJFUcKGgUJrQtGS5xoKVoUTBS6CFgZJqTlnCuSgKUAWlAhOmqFGZSSboap-7cd3HAL6XjfUa6lq10A1ekoxyQThOeEAv_6BVN7jwXy8ppmmasYyzQJE9pV3nvYNSbpxtlNtKguVOsKxkECx3giUOTXc3F9_JQ9GA-b34MRqA2z0AQcWnBSe9ttBqMNaB7qXp7D_xX-uwisY</recordid><startdate>201701</startdate><enddate>201701</enddate><creator>Geven, Edwin J.W.</creator><creator>Klaren, Peter H.M.</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier Science Ltd</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4191-4661</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>201701</creationdate><title>The teleost head kidney: Integrating thyroid and immune signalling</title><author>Geven, Edwin J.W. ; Klaren, Peter H.M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c494t-1b1514767aebac124f59c075ffff7b6fe2bdef2c6253667bbeab227015a2da8d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Acclimation</topic><topic>Acclimatization</topic><topic>Adrenal glands</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Catecholamines</topic><topic>Cortisol</topic><topic>Cytokines</topic><topic>Cytokines - metabolism</topic><topic>Endocrine system</topic><topic>Energy Metabolism</topic><topic>Energy resources</topic><topic>Evolution</topic><topic>Fish</topic><topic>Fishes - physiology</topic><topic>Follicles</topic><topic>Head kidney</topic><topic>Head Kidney - physiology</topic><topic>Hormones</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immune response</topic><topic>Immune system</topic><topic>Immunity</topic><topic>Inflammation</topic><topic>Interleukin 6</topic><topic>Kidneys</topic><topic>Lymphoid cells</topic><topic>Mammals</topic><topic>Neuroimmunomodulation</topic><topic>Paracrine Communication</topic><topic>Paracrine signalling</topic><topic>Pro-inflammatory cytokines</topic><topic>Signal Transduction</topic><topic>Stress response</topic><topic>Stress, Physiological - immunology</topic><topic>Substrates</topic><topic>Thyroid</topic><topic>Thyroid gland</topic><topic>Thyroid Gland - physiology</topic><topic>Thyroid hormone</topic><topic>Thyroid hormones</topic><topic>Tumor necrosis factor-α</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Geven, Edwin J.W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Klaren, Peter H.M.</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Developmental and comparative immunology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Geven, Edwin J.W.</au><au>Klaren, Peter H.M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The teleost head kidney: Integrating thyroid and immune signalling</atitle><jtitle>Developmental and comparative immunology</jtitle><addtitle>Dev Comp Immunol</addtitle><date>2017-01</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>66</volume><spage>73</spage><epage>83</epage><pages>73-83</pages><issn>0145-305X</issn><eissn>1879-0089</eissn><abstract>The head kidney, analogous to the mammalian adrenal gland, is an organ unique for teleost fish. It comprises cytokine-producing lymphoid cells from the immune system and endocrine cells secreting cortisol, catecholamines, and thyroid hormones. The intimate organization of the immune system and endocrine system in one single organ makes bidirectional signalling between these possible. In this review we explore putative interactions between the thyroid and immune system in the head kidney. We give a short overview of the thyroid system, and consider the evidence for the presence of thyroid follicles in the head kidney as a normal, healthy trait in fishes. From mammalian studies we gather data on the effects of three important pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6) on the thyroid system. A general picture that emerges is that pro-inflammatory cytokines inhibit the activity of the thyroid system at different targets. Extrapolating from these studies, we suggest that the interaction of the thyroid system by paracrine actions of cytokines in the head kidney is involved in fine-tuning the availability and redistribution of energy substrates during acclimation processes such as an immune response or stress response.
•The intimate organization of the immune system and endocrine system in the teleost head kidney makes bidirectional signalling between these possible.•The presence of thyroid follicles in the head kidney as a normal, healthy trait in fishes.•In mammals, the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6 have, in general, an inhibitory effect on the thyroid system.•The interaction of the thyroid system by paracrine actions of cytokines in the head kidney is likely to be involved in fine-tuning the availability of energy substrates during an immune or stress response.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>27387152</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.dci.2016.06.025</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4191-4661</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Acclimation Acclimatization Adrenal glands Animals Catecholamines Cortisol Cytokines Cytokines - metabolism Endocrine system Energy Metabolism Energy resources Evolution Fish Fishes - physiology Follicles Head kidney Head Kidney - physiology Hormones Humans Immune response Immune system Immunity Inflammation Interleukin 6 Kidneys Lymphoid cells Mammals Neuroimmunomodulation Paracrine Communication Paracrine signalling Pro-inflammatory cytokines Signal Transduction Stress response Stress, Physiological - immunology Substrates Thyroid Thyroid gland Thyroid Gland - physiology Thyroid hormone Thyroid hormones Tumor necrosis factor-α |
| title | The teleost head kidney: Integrating thyroid and immune signalling |
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