Lubricant film thickness and friction force measurements in a laser surface textured reciprocating line contact simulating the piston ring–liner pairing
Applying surface texture to piston liners may provide an effective means of controlling friction and hence improving engine efficiency. However, little is understood about the mechanisms by which pockets affect friction, primarily because of a lack of reliable experimental measurements. To address t...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Tribology international 2016-06, Vol.98, p.317-329 |
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| creator | Vlădescu, Sorin-Cristian Medina, Simon Olver, Andrew V. Pegg, Ian G. Reddyhoff, Tom |
| description | Applying surface texture to piston liners may provide an effective means of controlling friction and hence improving engine efficiency. However, little is understood about the mechanisms by which pockets affect friction, primarily because of a lack of reliable experimental measurements. To address this, the influence of surface texture on film thickness and friction force was measured simultaneously in a convergent-divergent bearing, under conditions that closely replicate an automotive piston ring-liner conjunction. Film thicknesses were measured using a modified version of the ultra-thin film optical interferometry approach, enabling film thicknesses |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.triboint.2016.02.026 |
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•Under full film lubrication conditions, the effect of surface texture is shown to reduce film thickness, which causes an increase in lubricant shear rate and hence increases friction.•Under mixed and boundary conditions, the effect of surface texture is shown to increase film thickness, causing a reduction in asperity contact and hence reduces friction. Although this film thickness increase is small (~28%), its effect on friction is significant (~41% in this study), due to steep gradient of the Stribeck curve in this regime.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0301-679X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-2464</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2016.02.026</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Film thickness ; Friction ; Lubrication ; Optical interferometry ; Piston rings ; Pistons ; Pocket ; Surface layer ; Surface texture ; Texture ; Thickness ; Thin film lubrication</subject><ispartof>Tribology international, 2016-06, Vol.98, p.317-329</ispartof><rights>2016 Elsevier Ltd</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c459t-4982cae045b328f7f8f0c108be6103162a915548f2ffb1047a5a137d76752c2f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c459t-4982cae045b328f7f8f0c108be6103162a915548f2ffb1047a5a137d76752c2f3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-1184-6920</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2016.02.026$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Vlădescu, Sorin-Cristian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Medina, Simon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Olver, Andrew V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pegg, Ian G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reddyhoff, Tom</creatorcontrib><title>Lubricant film thickness and friction force measurements in a laser surface textured reciprocating line contact simulating the piston ring–liner pairing</title><title>Tribology international</title><description>Applying surface texture to piston liners may provide an effective means of controlling friction and hence improving engine efficiency. However, little is understood about the mechanisms by which pockets affect friction, primarily because of a lack of reliable experimental measurements. To address this, the influence of surface texture on film thickness and friction force was measured simultaneously in a convergent-divergent bearing, under conditions that closely replicate an automotive piston ring-liner conjunction. Film thicknesses were measured using a modified version of the ultra-thin film optical interferometry approach, enabling film thicknesses <50nm to be measured under transient, mixed lubrication conditions. This involved using the out-of-contact curvature of the specimens in place of a spacer layer and analysing multiple interference fringes to avoid fringe ambiguity. Tests were performed on both a textured sample (with features oriented normal to the direction of sliding) and a non-textured reference sample, while angular velocity, applied normal load and lubricant temperature were controlled in order to study the effect of varying lubrication regime (as typically occurs in service). Results showed that the presence of surface pockets consistently enhances fluid film thickness in the mixed lubrication regime by approximately 20nm. Although this is only a modest increase, the effect on friction is pronounced (up to 41% under these conditions), due to the strong dependence of friction on film thickness in the mixed regime. Conversely, in the full film regime, texture caused a reduction in film thickness and hence increased friction force, compared with the non-textured reference. Both textured and non-textured friction values show nearly identical dependence on film thickness, (showing that, under these conditions, texture-induced friction reduction results entirely from the change in film thickness). These results are important in providing film thickness data to validate piston-ring lubrication models and also in helping to understand the effect of surface roughness on texture performance.
•Under full film lubrication conditions, the effect of surface texture is shown to reduce film thickness, which causes an increase in lubricant shear rate and hence increases friction.•Under mixed and boundary conditions, the effect of surface texture is shown to increase film thickness, causing a reduction in asperity contact and hence reduces friction. Although this film thickness increase is small (~28%), its effect on friction is significant (~41% in this study), due to steep gradient of the Stribeck curve in this regime.</description><subject>Film thickness</subject><subject>Friction</subject><subject>Lubrication</subject><subject>Optical interferometry</subject><subject>Piston rings</subject><subject>Pistons</subject><subject>Pocket</subject><subject>Surface layer</subject><subject>Surface texture</subject><subject>Texture</subject><subject>Thickness</subject><subject>Thin film lubrication</subject><issn>0301-679X</issn><issn>1879-2464</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFUctq3DAUFaWBTif5haJlN55Ksi3Zu4bQpoGBbFLoTsjyVeZObXkiySXZ5R-yy-flSyIz6TpwQZx7Hkg6hHzhbMMZl9_2mxSwm9Cnjch4w0Qe-YGseKPaQlSy-khWrGS8kKr984l8jnHPGFNVq1bkeTt3Aa3xiTocRpp2aP96iJEa31OXqYSTp24KFugIJs4BRvApUvTU0MFECDQvncl8gvuU-Z4GsHgIkzUJ_S0d0AO1k0_GJhpxnIfjPu2AHjCmnB8yfnl8WpSBHgwu-JScODNEOHs71-T3zx83F7-K7fXl1cX5trBV3aaiahthDbCq7krROOUaxyxnTQeSs5JLYVpe11XjhHMdZ5UyteGl6pVUtbDClWvy9Zibb3w3Q0x6xGhhGIyHaY6aNyLbuWzqLJVHqQ1TjAGcPgQcTXjQnOmlDL3X_8vQSxmaiTwyG78fjZAf8g8h6GgRvIUe818l3U_4XsQrPlyb3w</recordid><startdate>201606</startdate><enddate>201606</enddate><creator>Vlădescu, Sorin-Cristian</creator><creator>Medina, Simon</creator><creator>Olver, Andrew V.</creator><creator>Pegg, Ian G.</creator><creator>Reddyhoff, Tom</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>L7M</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1184-6920</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>201606</creationdate><title>Lubricant film thickness and friction force measurements in a laser surface textured reciprocating line contact simulating the piston ring–liner pairing</title><author>Vlădescu, Sorin-Cristian ; Medina, Simon ; Olver, Andrew V. ; Pegg, Ian G. ; Reddyhoff, Tom</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c459t-4982cae045b328f7f8f0c108be6103162a915548f2ffb1047a5a137d76752c2f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Film thickness</topic><topic>Friction</topic><topic>Lubrication</topic><topic>Optical interferometry</topic><topic>Piston rings</topic><topic>Pistons</topic><topic>Pocket</topic><topic>Surface layer</topic><topic>Surface texture</topic><topic>Texture</topic><topic>Thickness</topic><topic>Thin film lubrication</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Vlădescu, Sorin-Cristian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Medina, Simon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Olver, Andrew V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pegg, Ian G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reddyhoff, Tom</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Tribology international</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Vlădescu, Sorin-Cristian</au><au>Medina, Simon</au><au>Olver, Andrew V.</au><au>Pegg, Ian G.</au><au>Reddyhoff, Tom</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Lubricant film thickness and friction force measurements in a laser surface textured reciprocating line contact simulating the piston ring–liner pairing</atitle><jtitle>Tribology international</jtitle><date>2016-06</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>98</volume><spage>317</spage><epage>329</epage><pages>317-329</pages><issn>0301-679X</issn><eissn>1879-2464</eissn><abstract>Applying surface texture to piston liners may provide an effective means of controlling friction and hence improving engine efficiency. However, little is understood about the mechanisms by which pockets affect friction, primarily because of a lack of reliable experimental measurements. To address this, the influence of surface texture on film thickness and friction force was measured simultaneously in a convergent-divergent bearing, under conditions that closely replicate an automotive piston ring-liner conjunction. Film thicknesses were measured using a modified version of the ultra-thin film optical interferometry approach, enabling film thicknesses <50nm to be measured under transient, mixed lubrication conditions. This involved using the out-of-contact curvature of the specimens in place of a spacer layer and analysing multiple interference fringes to avoid fringe ambiguity. Tests were performed on both a textured sample (with features oriented normal to the direction of sliding) and a non-textured reference sample, while angular velocity, applied normal load and lubricant temperature were controlled in order to study the effect of varying lubrication regime (as typically occurs in service). Results showed that the presence of surface pockets consistently enhances fluid film thickness in the mixed lubrication regime by approximately 20nm. Although this is only a modest increase, the effect on friction is pronounced (up to 41% under these conditions), due to the strong dependence of friction on film thickness in the mixed regime. Conversely, in the full film regime, texture caused a reduction in film thickness and hence increased friction force, compared with the non-textured reference. Both textured and non-textured friction values show nearly identical dependence on film thickness, (showing that, under these conditions, texture-induced friction reduction results entirely from the change in film thickness). These results are important in providing film thickness data to validate piston-ring lubrication models and also in helping to understand the effect of surface roughness on texture performance.
•Under full film lubrication conditions, the effect of surface texture is shown to reduce film thickness, which causes an increase in lubricant shear rate and hence increases friction.•Under mixed and boundary conditions, the effect of surface texture is shown to increase film thickness, causing a reduction in asperity contact and hence reduces friction. Although this film thickness increase is small (~28%), its effect on friction is significant (~41% in this study), due to steep gradient of the Stribeck curve in this regime.</abstract><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><doi>10.1016/j.triboint.2016.02.026</doi><tpages>13</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1184-6920</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Film thickness Friction Lubrication Optical interferometry Piston rings Pistons Surface layer Surface texture Texture Thickness Thin film lubrication |
| title | Lubricant film thickness and friction force measurements in a laser surface textured reciprocating line contact simulating the piston ring–liner pairing |
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