Autonomic outcome is better after endarterectomy than after stenting in patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis

Objective Carotid endarterectomy and stenting have comparable efficacy in stroke prevention in asymptomatic carotid stenosis. In patients with carotid stenosis, cardiac events have a more than threefold higher incidence than cerebrovascular events. Autonomic dysfunction predicts cardiovascular morbi...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of vascular surgery 2016-10, Vol.64 (4), p.975-984
Hauptverfasser: Rupprecht, Sven, MD, Finn, Sigrid, MD, Ehrhardt, Jens, MSc, Hoyer, Dirk, PhD, Mayer, Thomas, PhD, Zanow, Juergen, PhD, Guenther, Albrecht, MD, Schwab, Matthias, PhD
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container_end_page 984
container_issue 4
container_start_page 975
container_title Journal of vascular surgery
container_volume 64
creator Rupprecht, Sven, MD
Finn, Sigrid, MD
Ehrhardt, Jens, MSc
Hoyer, Dirk, PhD
Mayer, Thomas, PhD
Zanow, Juergen, PhD
Guenther, Albrecht, MD
Schwab, Matthias, PhD
description Objective Carotid endarterectomy and stenting have comparable efficacy in stroke prevention in asymptomatic carotid stenosis. In patients with carotid stenosis, cardiac events have a more than threefold higher incidence than cerebrovascular events. Autonomic dysfunction predicts cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and carotid stenosis interferes with baroreceptor and chemoreceptor function. We assessed the effect of elective carotid revascularization (endarterectomy vs stenting) on autonomic function as a major prognostic factor of cardiovascular health. Methods In 42 patients with ≥70% asymptomatic extracranial carotid stenosis, autonomic function was determined by analysis of heart rate variability (total band power [TP], high frequency band power [HF], low-frequency band power [LF], very low frequency band power [VLF]), baroreflex sensitivity (αHF, αLF), respiratory chemoreflex sensitivity (central apnea-hypopnea index), and cardiac chemoreflex sensitivity (hyperoxic TP, HF, LF, and VLF ratios) before and 30 days after revascularization. Results Patients with endarterectomy were older than patients with stenting (69 ± 7 vs 62 ± 7 years; P ≤ .008) but did not differ in gender distribution and preintervention autonomic function. Compared with stenting, postintervention heart rate variability was higher (ln TP, 6.7 [95% confidence interval (CI), 6.3-7.0] vs 6.1 [95% CI, 5.8-6.5; P ≤ .009]; ln HF, 4.5 [95% CI, 4.1-5.0] vs 4.0 [95% CI, 3.4-4.5; P ≤ .05]; ln VLF, 6.0 [95% CI, 5.7-6.4] vs 5.5 [95% CI, 5.2-5.9; P  ≤ .02]); respiratory chemoreflex sensitivity (central apnea-hypopnea index, 5.5 [95% CI, 2.8-8.2] vs 10.0 [95% CI, 6.9-13.1; P ≤. 01]) and cardiac chemoreflex sensitivity (TP ratio, 1.2 [95% CI, 1.1-1.3] vs 1.0 [95% CI, 0.9-1.0; P ≤ .0001]; HF ratio, 1.4 [95% CI, 1.2-1.5] vs 0.9 [95% CI, 0.8-1.1; P ≤ .001]; LF ratio, 1.5 [95% CI, 1.3-1.6] vs 1.0 [95% CI, 0.8-1.1; P ≤ .0001]; VLF ratio, 1.2 [95% CI, 1.1-1.3) vs 1.0 [95% CI, 0.9-1.1; P ≤ .002]) were lower after endarterectomy. Postintervention baroreflex sensitivity did not differ after endarterectomy and stenting. Conclusions Autonomic function was better after endarterectomy than after stenting. Better autonomic function after endarterectomy was based on restoration of chemoreceptor but not baroreceptor function and may improve cardiovascular long-term outcome.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.jvs.2016.04.040
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In patients with carotid stenosis, cardiac events have a more than threefold higher incidence than cerebrovascular events. Autonomic dysfunction predicts cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and carotid stenosis interferes with baroreceptor and chemoreceptor function. We assessed the effect of elective carotid revascularization (endarterectomy vs stenting) on autonomic function as a major prognostic factor of cardiovascular health. Methods In 42 patients with ≥70% asymptomatic extracranial carotid stenosis, autonomic function was determined by analysis of heart rate variability (total band power [TP], high frequency band power [HF], low-frequency band power [LF], very low frequency band power [VLF]), baroreflex sensitivity (αHF, αLF), respiratory chemoreflex sensitivity (central apnea-hypopnea index), and cardiac chemoreflex sensitivity (hyperoxic TP, HF, LF, and VLF ratios) before and 30 days after revascularization. Results Patients with endarterectomy were older than patients with stenting (69 ± 7 vs 62 ± 7 years; P ≤ .008) but did not differ in gender distribution and preintervention autonomic function. Compared with stenting, postintervention heart rate variability was higher (ln TP, 6.7 [95% confidence interval (CI), 6.3-7.0] vs 6.1 [95% CI, 5.8-6.5; P ≤ .009]; ln HF, 4.5 [95% CI, 4.1-5.0] vs 4.0 [95% CI, 3.4-4.5; P ≤ .05]; ln VLF, 6.0 [95% CI, 5.7-6.4] vs 5.5 [95% CI, 5.2-5.9; P  ≤ .02]); respiratory chemoreflex sensitivity (central apnea-hypopnea index, 5.5 [95% CI, 2.8-8.2] vs 10.0 [95% CI, 6.9-13.1; P ≤. 01]) and cardiac chemoreflex sensitivity (TP ratio, 1.2 [95% CI, 1.1-1.3] vs 1.0 [95% CI, 0.9-1.0; P ≤ .0001]; HF ratio, 1.4 [95% CI, 1.2-1.5] vs 0.9 [95% CI, 0.8-1.1; P ≤ .001]; LF ratio, 1.5 [95% CI, 1.3-1.6] vs 1.0 [95% CI, 0.8-1.1; P ≤ .0001]; VLF ratio, 1.2 [95% CI, 1.1-1.3) vs 1.0 [95% CI, 0.9-1.1; P ≤ .002]) were lower after endarterectomy. Postintervention baroreflex sensitivity did not differ after endarterectomy and stenting. Conclusions Autonomic function was better after endarterectomy than after stenting. Better autonomic function after endarterectomy was based on restoration of chemoreceptor but not baroreceptor function and may improve cardiovascular long-term outcome.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0741-5214</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1097-6809</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2016.04.040</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27353359</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Aged ; Angioplasty - adverse effects ; Angioplasty - instrumentation ; Asymptomatic Diseases ; Autonomic Nervous System - physiopathology ; Baroreflex ; Carotid Stenosis - blood ; Carotid Stenosis - physiopathology ; Carotid Stenosis - surgery ; Carotid Stenosis - therapy ; Chemoreceptor Cells - metabolism ; Elective Surgical Procedures ; Endarterectomy, Carotid - adverse effects ; Female ; Heart - innervation ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Severity of Illness Index ; Stents ; Surgery ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome</subject><ispartof>Journal of vascular surgery, 2016-10, Vol.64 (4), p.975-984</ispartof><rights>Society for Vascular Surgery</rights><rights>2016 Society for Vascular Surgery</rights><rights>Copyright © 2016 Society for Vascular Surgery. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c451t-459d367d3198619f593a38e735ed03fb77dfe27320b88448acc8f842e023cefd3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c451t-459d367d3198619f593a38e735ed03fb77dfe27320b88448acc8f842e023cefd3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0741521416301926$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3536,27903,27904,65309</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27353359$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Rupprecht, Sven, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Finn, Sigrid, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ehrhardt, Jens, MSc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hoyer, Dirk, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mayer, Thomas, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zanow, Juergen, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guenther, Albrecht, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schwab, Matthias, PhD</creatorcontrib><title>Autonomic outcome is better after endarterectomy than after stenting in patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis</title><title>Journal of vascular surgery</title><addtitle>J Vasc Surg</addtitle><description>Objective Carotid endarterectomy and stenting have comparable efficacy in stroke prevention in asymptomatic carotid stenosis. In patients with carotid stenosis, cardiac events have a more than threefold higher incidence than cerebrovascular events. Autonomic dysfunction predicts cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and carotid stenosis interferes with baroreceptor and chemoreceptor function. We assessed the effect of elective carotid revascularization (endarterectomy vs stenting) on autonomic function as a major prognostic factor of cardiovascular health. Methods In 42 patients with ≥70% asymptomatic extracranial carotid stenosis, autonomic function was determined by analysis of heart rate variability (total band power [TP], high frequency band power [HF], low-frequency band power [LF], very low frequency band power [VLF]), baroreflex sensitivity (αHF, αLF), respiratory chemoreflex sensitivity (central apnea-hypopnea index), and cardiac chemoreflex sensitivity (hyperoxic TP, HF, LF, and VLF ratios) before and 30 days after revascularization. Results Patients with endarterectomy were older than patients with stenting (69 ± 7 vs 62 ± 7 years; P ≤ .008) but did not differ in gender distribution and preintervention autonomic function. Compared with stenting, postintervention heart rate variability was higher (ln TP, 6.7 [95% confidence interval (CI), 6.3-7.0] vs 6.1 [95% CI, 5.8-6.5; P ≤ .009]; ln HF, 4.5 [95% CI, 4.1-5.0] vs 4.0 [95% CI, 3.4-4.5; P ≤ .05]; ln VLF, 6.0 [95% CI, 5.7-6.4] vs 5.5 [95% CI, 5.2-5.9; P  ≤ .02]); respiratory chemoreflex sensitivity (central apnea-hypopnea index, 5.5 [95% CI, 2.8-8.2] vs 10.0 [95% CI, 6.9-13.1; P ≤. 01]) and cardiac chemoreflex sensitivity (TP ratio, 1.2 [95% CI, 1.1-1.3] vs 1.0 [95% CI, 0.9-1.0; P ≤ .0001]; HF ratio, 1.4 [95% CI, 1.2-1.5] vs 0.9 [95% CI, 0.8-1.1; P ≤ .001]; LF ratio, 1.5 [95% CI, 1.3-1.6] vs 1.0 [95% CI, 0.8-1.1; P ≤ .0001]; VLF ratio, 1.2 [95% CI, 1.1-1.3) vs 1.0 [95% CI, 0.9-1.1; P ≤ .002]) were lower after endarterectomy. Postintervention baroreflex sensitivity did not differ after endarterectomy and stenting. Conclusions Autonomic function was better after endarterectomy than after stenting. Better autonomic function after endarterectomy was based on restoration of chemoreceptor but not baroreceptor function and may improve cardiovascular long-term outcome.</description><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Angioplasty - adverse effects</subject><subject>Angioplasty - instrumentation</subject><subject>Asymptomatic Diseases</subject><subject>Autonomic Nervous System - physiopathology</subject><subject>Baroreflex</subject><subject>Carotid Stenosis - blood</subject><subject>Carotid Stenosis - physiopathology</subject><subject>Carotid Stenosis - surgery</subject><subject>Carotid Stenosis - therapy</subject><subject>Chemoreceptor Cells - metabolism</subject><subject>Elective Surgical Procedures</subject><subject>Endarterectomy, Carotid - adverse effects</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Heart - innervation</subject><subject>Heart Rate</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Longitudinal Studies</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Severity of Illness Index</subject><subject>Stents</subject><subject>Surgery</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Treatment Outcome</subject><issn>0741-5214</issn><issn>1097-6809</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kcFu1DAQhi0EotvCA3BBPnLJYsdO4ggJqaqgIFXqoeVsee0JdUjsxeMU7dvjsAsHDpVG9tj-_5HnG0LecLbljLfvx-34iNu6pFsmS7BnZMNZ31WtYv1zsmGd5FVTc3lGzhFHxjhvVPeSnNWdaIRo-g3ByyXHEGdvaVyyjTNQj3QHOUOiZlhXCM6kkoDNcT7Q_GDC6QUzhOzDd-oD3ZvsywnpL58fqMHDvC_ycmmpNSlm7_7II3p8RV4MZkJ4fdovyLfPn-6vvlQ3t9dfry5vKisbnivZ9E60nRO8Vy3vh6YXRigoXwfHxLDrOjdA6aRmO6WkVMZaNShZA6uFhcGJC_LuWHef4s8FMOvZo4VpMgHigpqrWvRMyU4WKT9KbYqICQa9T3426aA50ytrPerCWq-sNZMlWPG8PZVfdjO4f46_cIvgw1EApclHD0mjLYwsOL_C1C76J8t__M9tJx-8NdMPOACOcUmh0NNcY62ZvluHvc6at4Lxvm7Fb3bzpp4</recordid><startdate>20161001</startdate><enddate>20161001</enddate><creator>Rupprecht, Sven, MD</creator><creator>Finn, Sigrid, MD</creator><creator>Ehrhardt, Jens, MSc</creator><creator>Hoyer, Dirk, PhD</creator><creator>Mayer, Thomas, PhD</creator><creator>Zanow, Juergen, PhD</creator><creator>Guenther, Albrecht, MD</creator><creator>Schwab, Matthias, PhD</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20161001</creationdate><title>Autonomic outcome is better after endarterectomy than after stenting in patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis</title><author>Rupprecht, Sven, MD ; 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In patients with carotid stenosis, cardiac events have a more than threefold higher incidence than cerebrovascular events. Autonomic dysfunction predicts cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and carotid stenosis interferes with baroreceptor and chemoreceptor function. We assessed the effect of elective carotid revascularization (endarterectomy vs stenting) on autonomic function as a major prognostic factor of cardiovascular health. Methods In 42 patients with ≥70% asymptomatic extracranial carotid stenosis, autonomic function was determined by analysis of heart rate variability (total band power [TP], high frequency band power [HF], low-frequency band power [LF], very low frequency band power [VLF]), baroreflex sensitivity (αHF, αLF), respiratory chemoreflex sensitivity (central apnea-hypopnea index), and cardiac chemoreflex sensitivity (hyperoxic TP, HF, LF, and VLF ratios) before and 30 days after revascularization. Results Patients with endarterectomy were older than patients with stenting (69 ± 7 vs 62 ± 7 years; P ≤ .008) but did not differ in gender distribution and preintervention autonomic function. Compared with stenting, postintervention heart rate variability was higher (ln TP, 6.7 [95% confidence interval (CI), 6.3-7.0] vs 6.1 [95% CI, 5.8-6.5; P ≤ .009]; ln HF, 4.5 [95% CI, 4.1-5.0] vs 4.0 [95% CI, 3.4-4.5; P ≤ .05]; ln VLF, 6.0 [95% CI, 5.7-6.4] vs 5.5 [95% CI, 5.2-5.9; P  ≤ .02]); respiratory chemoreflex sensitivity (central apnea-hypopnea index, 5.5 [95% CI, 2.8-8.2] vs 10.0 [95% CI, 6.9-13.1; P ≤. 01]) and cardiac chemoreflex sensitivity (TP ratio, 1.2 [95% CI, 1.1-1.3] vs 1.0 [95% CI, 0.9-1.0; P ≤ .0001]; HF ratio, 1.4 [95% CI, 1.2-1.5] vs 0.9 [95% CI, 0.8-1.1; P ≤ .001]; LF ratio, 1.5 [95% CI, 1.3-1.6] vs 1.0 [95% CI, 0.8-1.1; P ≤ .0001]; VLF ratio, 1.2 [95% CI, 1.1-1.3) vs 1.0 [95% CI, 0.9-1.1; P ≤ .002]) were lower after endarterectomy. Postintervention baroreflex sensitivity did not differ after endarterectomy and stenting. Conclusions Autonomic function was better after endarterectomy than after stenting. Better autonomic function after endarterectomy was based on restoration of chemoreceptor but not baroreceptor function and may improve cardiovascular long-term outcome.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>27353359</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.jvs.2016.04.040</doi><tpages>10</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Aged
Angioplasty - adverse effects
Angioplasty - instrumentation
Asymptomatic Diseases
Autonomic Nervous System - physiopathology
Baroreflex
Carotid Stenosis - blood
Carotid Stenosis - physiopathology
Carotid Stenosis - surgery
Carotid Stenosis - therapy
Chemoreceptor Cells - metabolism
Elective Surgical Procedures
Endarterectomy, Carotid - adverse effects
Female
Heart - innervation
Heart Rate
Humans
Longitudinal Studies
Male
Middle Aged
Prospective Studies
Risk Factors
Severity of Illness Index
Stents
Surgery
Time Factors
Treatment Outcome
title Autonomic outcome is better after endarterectomy than after stenting in patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis
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