The dark side of the light: mechanisms of photocarcinogenesis
Abstract Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) can have a beneficial biological impact on skin, but it is also the most significant environmental risk factor for skin cancer development. Photocarcinogenesis comprises a complex interplay between the carcinogenic UVR, skin and the immune system. UVB is absorbed...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Clinics in dermatology 2016-09, Vol.34 (5), p.563-570 |
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| creator | Coelho, Margarida Moura Valejo, MD, MSc Matos, Tiago R., MD, MSc Apetato, Margarida, MD |
| description | Abstract Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) can have a beneficial biological impact on skin, but it is also the most significant environmental risk factor for skin cancer development. Photocarcinogenesis comprises a complex interplay between the carcinogenic UVR, skin and the immune system. UVB is absorbed by the superficial skin layers and is mainly responsible for direct DNA damage, which, if unrepaired, can lead to mutations in key cancer genes. UVA is less carcinogenic, penetrates deeper in the dermis, and mainly causes indirect oxidative damage to cellular DNA, proteins, and lipids, via photosensitized reactions. UVR not only induces mutagenesis, altering proliferation and differentiation of skin cells, but also has several immunosuppressive effects that compromise tumor immunosurveillance by impairing antigen presentation, inducing suppressive cells, and modulating the cytokine environment. This review focuses upon the biologic impact of UVR and its role in skin cancer development. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2016.05.022 |
| format | Article |
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Photocarcinogenesis comprises a complex interplay between the carcinogenic UVR, skin and the immune system. UVB is absorbed by the superficial skin layers and is mainly responsible for direct DNA damage, which, if unrepaired, can lead to mutations in key cancer genes. UVA is less carcinogenic, penetrates deeper in the dermis, and mainly causes indirect oxidative damage to cellular DNA, proteins, and lipids, via photosensitized reactions. UVR not only induces mutagenesis, altering proliferation and differentiation of skin cells, but also has several immunosuppressive effects that compromise tumor immunosurveillance by impairing antigen presentation, inducing suppressive cells, and modulating the cytokine environment. 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Photocarcinogenesis comprises a complex interplay between the carcinogenic UVR, skin and the immune system. UVB is absorbed by the superficial skin layers and is mainly responsible for direct DNA damage, which, if unrepaired, can lead to mutations in key cancer genes. UVA is less carcinogenic, penetrates deeper in the dermis, and mainly causes indirect oxidative damage to cellular DNA, proteins, and lipids, via photosensitized reactions. UVR not only induces mutagenesis, altering proliferation and differentiation of skin cells, but also has several immunosuppressive effects that compromise tumor immunosurveillance by impairing antigen presentation, inducing suppressive cells, and modulating the cytokine environment. This review focuses upon the biologic impact of UVR and its role in skin cancer development.</description><subject>Antigen Presentation - radiation effects</subject><subject>Carcinogenesis - radiation effects</subject><subject>Cytokines - radiation effects</subject><subject>Dermatology</subject><subject>DNA Damage - radiation effects</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immune Tolerance - radiation effects</subject><subject>Mutagenesis - radiation effects</subject><subject>Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced</subject><subject>Oxidative Stress - radiation effects</subject><subject>Skin - radiation effects</subject><subject>Skin Diseases - radiotherapy</subject><subject>Skin Neoplasms - etiology</subject><subject>T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - radiation effects</subject><subject>Ultraviolet Therapy - adverse effects</subject><issn>0738-081X</issn><issn>1879-1131</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkU9r3DAQxUVoSLabfoVieurF7oxk-U8ghZC0TSGQQ1LITcjSbFYb29pK3kK-fWQ2LSGnngZm3nvD_IaxTwgFAlZfNoXp3WgpDHryfcFTrwBZAOcHbIFN3eaIAt-xBdSiyaHB-2P2PsYNAJRQwRE75nUlmlKUC3Z2t6bM6vCYRWcp86tsSo3ePayn02wgs9aji0OcB9u1n7zRwbjRP9BI0cUTdrjSfaQPL3XJfn3_dndxlV_f_Ph5cX6dG9nglFtdSWNJiE6A7mTFW2s6LbTmtbQgORlCDkYgaCSkTpS0sg2vRSV12ZalWLLP-9xt8L93FCc1uGio7_VIfhcVNhxkK9tkWbLTvdQEH2OgldoGN-jwpBDUjE9t1Gt8asanQKqEL5k_vuzZdQPZf9a_vJLgci-gdO0fR0FF42g0ZF0gMynr3f_t-fomZpY6o_tHeqK48bswJp4KVeQK1O38yPmPWImUUt6LZ14LnPQ</recordid><startdate>20160901</startdate><enddate>20160901</enddate><creator>Coelho, Margarida Moura Valejo, MD, MSc</creator><creator>Matos, Tiago R., MD, MSc</creator><creator>Apetato, Margarida, MD</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20160901</creationdate><title>The dark side of the light: mechanisms of photocarcinogenesis</title><author>Coelho, Margarida Moura Valejo, MD, MSc ; Matos, Tiago R., MD, MSc ; Apetato, Margarida, MD</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c581t-da65cde33b30ab5629dcba3aa275d052ece120c310a1e1eb34efd827365a49443</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Antigen Presentation - radiation effects</topic><topic>Carcinogenesis - radiation effects</topic><topic>Cytokines - radiation effects</topic><topic>Dermatology</topic><topic>DNA Damage - radiation effects</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immune Tolerance - radiation effects</topic><topic>Mutagenesis - radiation effects</topic><topic>Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced</topic><topic>Oxidative Stress - radiation effects</topic><topic>Skin - radiation effects</topic><topic>Skin Diseases - radiotherapy</topic><topic>Skin Neoplasms - etiology</topic><topic>T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - radiation effects</topic><topic>Ultraviolet Therapy - adverse effects</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Coelho, Margarida Moura Valejo, MD, MSc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Matos, Tiago R., MD, MSc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Apetato, Margarida, MD</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Clinics in dermatology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Coelho, Margarida Moura Valejo, MD, MSc</au><au>Matos, Tiago R., MD, MSc</au><au>Apetato, Margarida, MD</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The dark side of the light: mechanisms of photocarcinogenesis</atitle><jtitle>Clinics in dermatology</jtitle><addtitle>Clin Dermatol</addtitle><date>2016-09-01</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>34</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>563</spage><epage>570</epage><pages>563-570</pages><issn>0738-081X</issn><eissn>1879-1131</eissn><abstract>Abstract Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) can have a beneficial biological impact on skin, but it is also the most significant environmental risk factor for skin cancer development. 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| ispartof | Clinics in dermatology, 2016-09, Vol.34 (5), p.563-570 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; ScienceDirect Journals (5 years ago - present) |
| subjects | Antigen Presentation - radiation effects Carcinogenesis - radiation effects Cytokines - radiation effects Dermatology DNA Damage - radiation effects Humans Immune Tolerance - radiation effects Mutagenesis - radiation effects Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced Oxidative Stress - radiation effects Skin - radiation effects Skin Diseases - radiotherapy Skin Neoplasms - etiology T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - radiation effects Ultraviolet Therapy - adverse effects |
| title | The dark side of the light: mechanisms of photocarcinogenesis |
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