Long-term exposure to gold nanoparticles accelerates larval metamorphosis without affecting mass in wood frogs (Lithobates sylvaticus) at environmentally relevant concentrations

Nanoparticles are environmental contaminants of emerging concern. Exposure to engineered nanoparticles has been shown to have detrimental effects on aquatic organisms. The authors synthesized gold nanoparticles (18.1 ± 3.5 nm) and tested their effects on time to and weight at metamorphosis in wood f...

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Veröffentlicht in:Environmental toxicology and chemistry 2016-09, Vol.35 (9), p.2304-2310
Hauptverfasser: Fong, Peter P., Thompson, Lucas B., Carfagno, Gerardo L.F., Sitton, Andrea J.
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container_issue 9
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container_title Environmental toxicology and chemistry
container_volume 35
creator Fong, Peter P.
Thompson, Lucas B.
Carfagno, Gerardo L.F.
Sitton, Andrea J.
description Nanoparticles are environmental contaminants of emerging concern. Exposure to engineered nanoparticles has been shown to have detrimental effects on aquatic organisms. The authors synthesized gold nanoparticles (18.1 ± 3.5 nm) and tested their effects on time to and weight at metamorphosis in wood frog (Lithobates sylvaticus) tadpoles, a species known to be sensitive to environmental stressors. Continuous exposure to all concentrations of gold nanoparticles (0.05 pM, 0.5 pM, and 5 pM in particles) for up to 55 d significantly reduced time to metamorphosis by as much as an average of 3 d (p 
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Exposure to engineered nanoparticles has been shown to have detrimental effects on aquatic organisms. The authors synthesized gold nanoparticles (18.1 ± 3.5 nm) and tested their effects on time to and weight at metamorphosis in wood frog (Lithobates sylvaticus) tadpoles, a species known to be sensitive to environmental stressors. Continuous exposure to all concentrations of gold nanoparticles (0.05 pM, 0.5 pM, and 5 pM in particles) for up to 55 d significantly reduced time to metamorphosis by as much as an average of 3 d (p &lt; 0.05). However, exposure to gold nanoparticles had no effect on tadpole mass at metamorphosis. The approximately 18‐nm gold nanoparticles used were metastable in dechlorinated tap water, resulting in a change in surface charge and aggregation over time, leading to negatively charged aggregates that were on the order of 60 nm to 110 nm. Nanoparticle aggregation could exacerbate the effect on time to metamorphosis. To the authors' knowledge, the present study is the first report on the effect of engineered nanoparticles of any kind on life‐history variables in an amphibian, a taxonomic group that has been declining globally for at least 25 yr. 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Exposure to engineered nanoparticles has been shown to have detrimental effects on aquatic organisms. The authors synthesized gold nanoparticles (18.1 ± 3.5 nm) and tested their effects on time to and weight at metamorphosis in wood frog (Lithobates sylvaticus) tadpoles, a species known to be sensitive to environmental stressors. Continuous exposure to all concentrations of gold nanoparticles (0.05 pM, 0.5 pM, and 5 pM in particles) for up to 55 d significantly reduced time to metamorphosis by as much as an average of 3 d (p &lt; 0.05). However, exposure to gold nanoparticles had no effect on tadpole mass at metamorphosis. The approximately 18‐nm gold nanoparticles used were metastable in dechlorinated tap water, resulting in a change in surface charge and aggregation over time, leading to negatively charged aggregates that were on the order of 60 nm to 110 nm. Nanoparticle aggregation could exacerbate the effect on time to metamorphosis. To the authors' knowledge, the present study is the first report on the effect of engineered nanoparticles of any kind on life‐history variables in an amphibian, a taxonomic group that has been declining globally for at least 25 yr. 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To the authors' knowledge, the present study is the first report on the effect of engineered nanoparticles of any kind on life‐history variables in an amphibian, a taxonomic group that has been declining globally for at least 25 yr. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:2304–2310. © 2016 SETAC</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>26873819</pmid><doi>10.1002/etc.3396</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Amphibians
Animals
Anura
Aquatic
Aquatic organisms
Contaminants
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Drinking water
Ecotoxicology
Environmental stress
Frogs
Gold - chemistry
Gold - toxicity
Larva - drug effects
Life history
Metal Nanoparticles - chemistry
Metal Nanoparticles - toxicity
Metamorphosis
Metamorphosis, Biological - drug effects
Nanomaterials
Nanoparticles
Particle Size
Ranidae
Surface Properties
Tadpoles
Time Factors
Toxicity
Water Pollutants, Chemical - chemistry
Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity
title Long-term exposure to gold nanoparticles accelerates larval metamorphosis without affecting mass in wood frogs (Lithobates sylvaticus) at environmentally relevant concentrations
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