Predictors of survival in parotid small cell carcinoma: A study of 344 cases
Objectives/Hypothesis We sought to better characterize patient, tumor, and long‐term survival characteristics of parotid small cell carcinoma (SmCC) with the National Cancer Database (NCDB). Study Design Retrospective database review. Methods We reviewed the NCDB (1998–2012) for all cases of parotid...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The Laryngoscope 2016-09, Vol.126 (9), p.2036-2040 |
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| creator | Zhan, Kevin Y. Din, Hassieb A. Muus, John S. Nguyen, Shaun A. Lentsch, Eric J. |
| description | Objectives/Hypothesis
We sought to better characterize patient, tumor, and long‐term survival characteristics of parotid small cell carcinoma (SmCC) with the National Cancer Database (NCDB).
Study Design
Retrospective database review.
Methods
We reviewed the NCDB (1998–2012) for all cases of parotid SmCC. Relevant demographic, tumor, and survival variables were extracted and analyzed. Cox multivariate regression was performed to identify prognosticators.
Results
Out of 30,813 parotid gland cancers in the NCDB, we found 344 cases of parotid SmCC (1.11%). Age at diagnosis ranged from 23 to 91 years (mean = 73 years). Most patients (73.0%) were male. Most tumors were 2 to 4 cm in size (51.4%). Regional metastases were common (50.8% cN+ and 65.1% pN+) and distant metastasis (7.3%) was uncommon. Occult nodes were found in 14.4% of cases. Overall survival at 5 and 10 years was 37% and 20%, respectively. Although numerous variables were found to significantly impact survival on univariate regression analysis, age (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03‐1.08, P < .001), tumor size of 2 to 4 cm (HR: 2.51, 95% CI: 1.83‐5.11, P = .011), tumors >4 cm (HR: 3.44, 95% CI: 1.63‐7.27) and distant metastasis (HR: 2.06, 95% CI: 1.02‐4.14, P = .043) remained significant prognosticators in our multivariate model. Nodal disease was not a significant risk factor after adjustment (P = .055).
Conclusions
SmCC is a rare parotid malignancy with a poor prognosis. Regional metastases were common, whereas distant metastases were uncommon. Elective neck treatment should be considered due to the incidence of occult nodal disease.
Level of Evidence
4 Laryngoscope, 126:2036–2040, 2016 |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/lary.25923 |
| format | Article |
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We sought to better characterize patient, tumor, and long‐term survival characteristics of parotid small cell carcinoma (SmCC) with the National Cancer Database (NCDB).
Study Design
Retrospective database review.
Methods
We reviewed the NCDB (1998–2012) for all cases of parotid SmCC. Relevant demographic, tumor, and survival variables were extracted and analyzed. Cox multivariate regression was performed to identify prognosticators.
Results
Out of 30,813 parotid gland cancers in the NCDB, we found 344 cases of parotid SmCC (1.11%). Age at diagnosis ranged from 23 to 91 years (mean = 73 years). Most patients (73.0%) were male. Most tumors were 2 to 4 cm in size (51.4%). Regional metastases were common (50.8% cN+ and 65.1% pN+) and distant metastasis (7.3%) was uncommon. Occult nodes were found in 14.4% of cases. Overall survival at 5 and 10 years was 37% and 20%, respectively. Although numerous variables were found to significantly impact survival on univariate regression analysis, age (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03‐1.08, P < .001), tumor size of 2 to 4 cm (HR: 2.51, 95% CI: 1.83‐5.11, P = .011), tumors >4 cm (HR: 3.44, 95% CI: 1.63‐7.27) and distant metastasis (HR: 2.06, 95% CI: 1.02‐4.14, P = .043) remained significant prognosticators in our multivariate model. Nodal disease was not a significant risk factor after adjustment (P = .055).
Conclusions
SmCC is a rare parotid malignancy with a poor prognosis. Regional metastases were common, whereas distant metastases were uncommon. Elective neck treatment should be considered due to the incidence of occult nodal disease.
Level of Evidence
4 Laryngoscope, 126:2036–2040, 2016</description><identifier>ISSN: 0023-852X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1531-4995</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/lary.25923</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26972357</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Small Cell - mortality ; Confidence intervals ; Female ; head and neck cancer ; Humans ; Male ; Medical prognosis ; Metastasis ; Middle Aged ; parotid cancer ; Parotid Neoplasms - mortality ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; salivary gland cancer ; Small cell carcinoma ; Survival Rate ; Time Factors ; Tumors ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>The Laryngoscope, 2016-09, Vol.126 (9), p.2036-2040</ispartof><rights>2016 The American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society, Inc.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4583-9789c6a41cf93b45ee77df95e5965778b6b8a284adcf588b4fe40cffa2533ec93</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Flary.25923$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Flary.25923$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1416,27923,27924,45573,45574</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26972357$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zhan, Kevin Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Din, Hassieb A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Muus, John S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nguyen, Shaun A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lentsch, Eric J.</creatorcontrib><title>Predictors of survival in parotid small cell carcinoma: A study of 344 cases</title><title>The Laryngoscope</title><addtitle>The Laryngoscope</addtitle><description>Objectives/Hypothesis
We sought to better characterize patient, tumor, and long‐term survival characteristics of parotid small cell carcinoma (SmCC) with the National Cancer Database (NCDB).
Study Design
Retrospective database review.
Methods
We reviewed the NCDB (1998–2012) for all cases of parotid SmCC. Relevant demographic, tumor, and survival variables were extracted and analyzed. Cox multivariate regression was performed to identify prognosticators.
Results
Out of 30,813 parotid gland cancers in the NCDB, we found 344 cases of parotid SmCC (1.11%). Age at diagnosis ranged from 23 to 91 years (mean = 73 years). Most patients (73.0%) were male. Most tumors were 2 to 4 cm in size (51.4%). Regional metastases were common (50.8% cN+ and 65.1% pN+) and distant metastasis (7.3%) was uncommon. Occult nodes were found in 14.4% of cases. Overall survival at 5 and 10 years was 37% and 20%, respectively. Although numerous variables were found to significantly impact survival on univariate regression analysis, age (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03‐1.08, P < .001), tumor size of 2 to 4 cm (HR: 2.51, 95% CI: 1.83‐5.11, P = .011), tumors >4 cm (HR: 3.44, 95% CI: 1.63‐7.27) and distant metastasis (HR: 2.06, 95% CI: 1.02‐4.14, P = .043) remained significant prognosticators in our multivariate model. Nodal disease was not a significant risk factor after adjustment (P = .055).
Conclusions
SmCC is a rare parotid malignancy with a poor prognosis. Regional metastases were common, whereas distant metastases were uncommon. Elective neck treatment should be considered due to the incidence of occult nodal disease.
Level of Evidence
4 Laryngoscope, 126:2036–2040, 2016</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Small Cell - mortality</subject><subject>Confidence intervals</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>head and neck cancer</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical prognosis</subject><subject>Metastasis</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>parotid cancer</subject><subject>Parotid Neoplasms - mortality</subject><subject>Prognosis</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>salivary gland cancer</subject><subject>Small cell carcinoma</subject><subject>Survival Rate</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Tumors</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0023-852X</issn><issn>1531-4995</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kUlLxEAQhRtRdBy9-AMk4MVLtPfF2-AOcUEU9dR0Oh1oTSZjd6LOvzdxRg8evFQVvO8VjyoAdhA8QBDiw8qE-QFmCpMVMEKMoJQqxVbBqBdJKhl-2gCbMb5AiARhcB1sYK4EJkyMQHYbXOFt24SYNGUSu_Du302V-GkyM6FpfZHE2lRVYt1QTLB-2tTmKJkkse2K-WAilPZKdHELrJWmim572cfg4ez0_vgizW7OL48nWWopkyRVQirLDUW2VCSnzDkhilIxxxRnQsic59JgSU1hSyZlTktHoS1LgxkhzioyBvuLvbPQvHUutrr2cQhopq7pokYSUc44oQO69wd9abow7dP1lGKQc0r4_xQiHCmIcE_tLqkur12hZ8HX_en1zzV7AC2AD1-5-a-OoB7-pKtvePiTziZ3z99T70kXHh9b9_nrMeFVc0EE04_X5_r2Knu8OoMnWpIvGo2SJg</recordid><startdate>201609</startdate><enddate>201609</enddate><creator>Zhan, Kevin Y.</creator><creator>Din, Hassieb A.</creator><creator>Muus, John S.</creator><creator>Nguyen, Shaun A.</creator><creator>Lentsch, Eric J.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201609</creationdate><title>Predictors of survival in parotid small cell carcinoma: A study of 344 cases</title><author>Zhan, Kevin Y. ; Din, Hassieb A. ; Muus, John S. ; Nguyen, Shaun A. ; Lentsch, Eric J.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4583-9789c6a41cf93b45ee77df95e5965778b6b8a284adcf588b4fe40cffa2533ec93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Small Cell - mortality</topic><topic>Confidence intervals</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>head and neck cancer</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical prognosis</topic><topic>Metastasis</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>parotid cancer</topic><topic>Parotid Neoplasms - mortality</topic><topic>Prognosis</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>salivary gland cancer</topic><topic>Small cell carcinoma</topic><topic>Survival Rate</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Tumors</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zhan, Kevin Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Din, Hassieb A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Muus, John S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nguyen, Shaun A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lentsch, Eric J.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The Laryngoscope</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zhan, Kevin Y.</au><au>Din, Hassieb A.</au><au>Muus, John S.</au><au>Nguyen, Shaun A.</au><au>Lentsch, Eric J.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Predictors of survival in parotid small cell carcinoma: A study of 344 cases</atitle><jtitle>The Laryngoscope</jtitle><addtitle>The Laryngoscope</addtitle><date>2016-09</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>126</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>2036</spage><epage>2040</epage><pages>2036-2040</pages><issn>0023-852X</issn><eissn>1531-4995</eissn><abstract>Objectives/Hypothesis
We sought to better characterize patient, tumor, and long‐term survival characteristics of parotid small cell carcinoma (SmCC) with the National Cancer Database (NCDB).
Study Design
Retrospective database review.
Methods
We reviewed the NCDB (1998–2012) for all cases of parotid SmCC. Relevant demographic, tumor, and survival variables were extracted and analyzed. Cox multivariate regression was performed to identify prognosticators.
Results
Out of 30,813 parotid gland cancers in the NCDB, we found 344 cases of parotid SmCC (1.11%). Age at diagnosis ranged from 23 to 91 years (mean = 73 years). Most patients (73.0%) were male. Most tumors were 2 to 4 cm in size (51.4%). Regional metastases were common (50.8% cN+ and 65.1% pN+) and distant metastasis (7.3%) was uncommon. Occult nodes were found in 14.4% of cases. Overall survival at 5 and 10 years was 37% and 20%, respectively. Although numerous variables were found to significantly impact survival on univariate regression analysis, age (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03‐1.08, P < .001), tumor size of 2 to 4 cm (HR: 2.51, 95% CI: 1.83‐5.11, P = .011), tumors >4 cm (HR: 3.44, 95% CI: 1.63‐7.27) and distant metastasis (HR: 2.06, 95% CI: 1.02‐4.14, P = .043) remained significant prognosticators in our multivariate model. Nodal disease was not a significant risk factor after adjustment (P = .055).
Conclusions
SmCC is a rare parotid malignancy with a poor prognosis. Regional metastases were common, whereas distant metastases were uncommon. Elective neck treatment should be considered due to the incidence of occult nodal disease.
Level of Evidence
4 Laryngoscope, 126:2036–2040, 2016</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>26972357</pmid><doi>10.1002/lary.25923</doi><tpages>5</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Carcinoma, Small Cell - mortality Confidence intervals Female head and neck cancer Humans Male Medical prognosis Metastasis Middle Aged parotid cancer Parotid Neoplasms - mortality Prognosis Retrospective Studies salivary gland cancer Small cell carcinoma Survival Rate Time Factors Tumors Young Adult |
| title | Predictors of survival in parotid small cell carcinoma: A study of 344 cases |
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