2',6'-Dimethylphenoxyacetyl: A New Achiral High Affinity P sub(3)-P sub(2) Ligand for Peptidomimetic-Based HIV Protease Inhibitors

Starting from palinavir (1), our lead HIV protease inhibitor, we have discovered a new series of truncated analogues in which the P sub(3)-P sub(2) quinaldic-valine portion of 1 was replaced by 2',6'-dimethylphenoxyacetyl. With EC sub(50)'s in the 1-2 nM range, some of these compounds are among the most potent inhibitors of HIV replication in vitro, reported to date. One of the most promising members in this series (compound 27, BILA 2185 BS) exhibited a favorable overall pharmacokinetic profile, with 61% apparent oral bioavailability in rat. X-ray crystal structures and molecular modeling were used to rationalize the high potency resulting from incorporation of this structurally simple, achiral ligand into the P sub(3)-P sub(2) position of hydroxyethylamine-based HIV protease inhibitors.