Wastewater-based assessment of regional and temporal consumption patterns of illicit drugs and therapeutic opioids in Croatia

A comprehensive study of spatial and temporal consumption patterns of the selected illicit drugs (heroin, cocaine, amphetamine, MDMA, methamphetamine, cannabis) and therapeutic opioids (codeine, methadone) has been performed in six Croatian cities by applying wastewater-based epidemiology. The inves...

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Veröffentlicht in:	The Science of the total environment 2016-10, Vol.566-567, p.454-462
Hauptverfasser:	Krizman, Ivona, Senta, Ivan, Ahel, Marijan, Terzic, Senka
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	Analgesics, Opioid - analysis Cities Croatia Environmental Monitoring Humans Illicit drug consumption LC-MS/MS Municipal wastewater Opioids Seasons Street Drugs - analysis Substance Abuse Detection Time Factors Waste Water - analysis Wastewater-based epidemiology Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis
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Zusammenfassung:	A comprehensive study of spatial and temporal consumption patterns of the selected illicit drugs (heroin, cocaine, amphetamine, MDMA, methamphetamine, cannabis) and therapeutic opioids (codeine, methadone) has been performed in six Croatian cities by applying wastewater-based epidemiology. The investigated cities (Bjelovar, Vinkovci, Varazdin, Karlovac, Zadar and Zagreb) varied widely in the population size (27,000–688,000 inhabitants) as well as in the number of registered drug consumers included in compulsory and voluntary medical treatment and rehabilitation programs (30–513 persons/100,000 inhabitants of age 15–64). The most consumed illicit drugs were cannabis (10–70doses/day/1000 inhabitants), heroin (
ISSN:	0048-9697 1879-1026
DOI:	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.075