Usefulness of Diastolic Strain Measurements in Predicting Elevated Left Ventricular Filling Pressure and Risk of Rejection or Coronary Artery Vasculopathy in Pediatric Heart Transplant Recipients

In pediatric heart transplant recipients, elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) is associated with rejection and coronary artery vasculopathy. This study aimed to evaluate which echocardiographic parameters track changes in PCWP and predict adverse outcomes (rejection or coronary artery...

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Veröffentlicht in:The American journal of cardiology 2016-05, Vol.117 (9), p.1533-1538
Hauptverfasser: Lu, Jimmy C., MD, Magdo, H. Sonali, MD, Yu, Sunkyung, MS, Lowery, Ray, BS, Aiyagari, Ranjit, MD, Zamberlan, Mary, MS, CPNP, Gajarski, Robert J., MD
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container_end_page 1538
container_issue 9
container_start_page 1533
container_title The American journal of cardiology
container_volume 117
creator Lu, Jimmy C., MD
Magdo, H. Sonali, MD
Yu, Sunkyung, MS
Lowery, Ray, BS
Aiyagari, Ranjit, MD
Zamberlan, Mary, MS, CPNP
Gajarski, Robert J., MD
description In pediatric heart transplant recipients, elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) is associated with rejection and coronary artery vasculopathy. This study aimed to evaluate which echocardiographic parameters track changes in PCWP and predict adverse outcomes (rejection or coronary artery vasculopathy). This prospective single-center study enrolled 49 patients (median 11.4 years old, interquartile range 7.4 to 16.5) at time of cardiac catheterization and echocardiography. Median follow-up was 2.4 years (range 1.2 to 3.1 years), with serial testing per clinical protocol. Ratio of early mitral inflow to annular velocity (E/E′), left atrial (LA) distensibility, peak LA systolic strain, E/left ventricular (LV) diastolic strain, and E/LV diastolic strain rate were measured from echocardiograms. Increase in PCWP ≥3 mm Hg was associated with changes in LA distensibility, E/E′, and E/LV diastolic strain, with highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for E/LV diastolic strain (0.76). In 9 patients who subsequently developed rejection or coronary artery vasculopathy, E/LV diastolic strain rate at baseline differed from patients without events (median 57.0 vs 43.6, p = 0.02). On serial studies, only change in LV ejection fraction differed in patients with events (median −10% vs −1%, p = 0.01); decrease in LV ejection fraction of −19% had a specificity of 100% and sensitivity of 44%. In conclusion, LV diastolic strain and strain rate measurements can track changes in PCWP and identify patients at risk for subsequent rejection or coronary artery vasculopathy. Further studies are necessary to confirm these data in a larger cohort.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.amjcard.2016.02.009
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Ratio of early mitral inflow to annular velocity (E/E′), left atrial (LA) distensibility, peak LA systolic strain, E/left ventricular (LV) diastolic strain, and E/LV diastolic strain rate were measured from echocardiograms. Increase in PCWP ≥3 mm Hg was associated with changes in LA distensibility, E/E′, and E/LV diastolic strain, with highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for E/LV diastolic strain (0.76). In 9 patients who subsequently developed rejection or coronary artery vasculopathy, E/LV diastolic strain rate at baseline differed from patients without events (median 57.0 vs 43.6, p = 0.02). On serial studies, only change in LV ejection fraction differed in patients with events (median −10% vs −1%, p = 0.01); decrease in LV ejection fraction of −19% had a specificity of 100% and sensitivity of 44%. 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Sonali, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yu, Sunkyung, MS</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lowery, Ray, BS</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aiyagari, Ranjit, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zamberlan, Mary, MS, CPNP</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gajarski, Robert J., MD</creatorcontrib><title>Usefulness of Diastolic Strain Measurements in Predicting Elevated Left Ventricular Filling Pressure and Risk of Rejection or Coronary Artery Vasculopathy in Pediatric Heart Transplant Recipients</title><title>The American journal of cardiology</title><addtitle>Am J Cardiol</addtitle><description>In pediatric heart transplant recipients, elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) is associated with rejection and coronary artery vasculopathy. This study aimed to evaluate which echocardiographic parameters track changes in PCWP and predict adverse outcomes (rejection or coronary artery vasculopathy). 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On serial studies, only change in LV ejection fraction differed in patients with events (median −10% vs −1%, p = 0.01); decrease in LV ejection fraction of −19% had a specificity of 100% and sensitivity of 44%. In conclusion, LV diastolic strain and strain rate measurements can track changes in PCWP and identify patients at risk for subsequent rejection or coronary artery vasculopathy. 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Sonali, MD</au><au>Yu, Sunkyung, MS</au><au>Lowery, Ray, BS</au><au>Aiyagari, Ranjit, MD</au><au>Zamberlan, Mary, MS, CPNP</au><au>Gajarski, Robert J., MD</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Usefulness of Diastolic Strain Measurements in Predicting Elevated Left Ventricular Filling Pressure and Risk of Rejection or Coronary Artery Vasculopathy in Pediatric Heart Transplant Recipients</atitle><jtitle>The American journal of cardiology</jtitle><addtitle>Am J Cardiol</addtitle><date>2016-05-01</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>117</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>1533</spage><epage>1538</epage><pages>1533-1538</pages><issn>0002-9149</issn><eissn>1879-1913</eissn><coden>AJCDAG</coden><abstract>In pediatric heart transplant recipients, elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) is associated with rejection and coronary artery vasculopathy. This study aimed to evaluate which echocardiographic parameters track changes in PCWP and predict adverse outcomes (rejection or coronary artery vasculopathy). This prospective single-center study enrolled 49 patients (median 11.4 years old, interquartile range 7.4 to 16.5) at time of cardiac catheterization and echocardiography. Median follow-up was 2.4 years (range 1.2 to 3.1 years), with serial testing per clinical protocol. Ratio of early mitral inflow to annular velocity (E/E′), left atrial (LA) distensibility, peak LA systolic strain, E/left ventricular (LV) diastolic strain, and E/LV diastolic strain rate were measured from echocardiograms. Increase in PCWP ≥3 mm Hg was associated with changes in LA distensibility, E/E′, and E/LV diastolic strain, with highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for E/LV diastolic strain (0.76). In 9 patients who subsequently developed rejection or coronary artery vasculopathy, E/LV diastolic strain rate at baseline differed from patients without events (median 57.0 vs 43.6, p = 0.02). On serial studies, only change in LV ejection fraction differed in patients with events (median −10% vs −1%, p = 0.01); decrease in LV ejection fraction of −19% had a specificity of 100% and sensitivity of 44%. In conclusion, LV diastolic strain and strain rate measurements can track changes in PCWP and identify patients at risk for subsequent rejection or coronary artery vasculopathy. Further studies are necessary to confirm these data in a larger cohort.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>26976792</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.amjcard.2016.02.009</doi><tpages>6</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2544-7402</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0193-0344</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9358-2967</orcidid></addata></record>
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source MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals
subjects Adolescent
Anesthesia
Biopsy
Cardiovascular
Cardiovascular disease
Catheters
Child
Child, Preschool
Cohort Studies
Coronary Artery Disease - diagnosis
Coronary Artery Disease - etiology
Coronary vessels
Female
Graft Rejection - etiology
Heart attacks
Heart Failure, Diastolic - diagnosis
Heart Failure, Diastolic - physiopathology
Heart Failure, Diastolic - surgery
Heart Transplantation - adverse effects
Humans
Intubation
Male
Pediatrics
Predictive Value of Tests
Pulmonary Wedge Pressure - physiology
ROC Curve
Software
Stroke Volume - physiology
Studies
Transplants & implants
Variables
Velocity
title Usefulness of Diastolic Strain Measurements in Predicting Elevated Left Ventricular Filling Pressure and Risk of Rejection or Coronary Artery Vasculopathy in Pediatric Heart Transplant Recipients
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