Electrical stimulation and blood flow restriction increase wrist extensor cross-sectional area and flow meditated dilatation following spinal cord injury
Purpose To examine the effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) and blood flow restricted (BFR) exercise on wrist extensors cross-sectional area (CSA), torque and hand functions compared NMES only in individuals with incomplete tetraplegia. The acute effect of an acute bout of NMES wit...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | European journal of applied physiology 2016-06, Vol.116 (6), p.1231-1244 |
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| creator | Gorgey, Ashraf S. Timmons, Mark K. Dolbow, David R. Bengel, Justin Fugate-Laus, Kendall C. Michener, Lori A. Gater, David R. |
| description | Purpose
To examine the effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) and blood flow restricted (BFR) exercise on wrist extensors cross-sectional area (CSA), torque and hand functions compared NMES only in individuals with incomplete tetraplegia. The acute effect of an acute bout of NMES with BFR on flow mediated dilation (FMD) was compared with BFR only.
Method
Nine men completed 6 weeks twice weekly of bilateral NMES training of the wrist extensor muscles. The right forearm received NMES + BFR (30 % above the resting systolic blood pressure), while the left forearm received NMES only. The CSA of the extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) and extensor digitorum communis (EDC) muscles was measured on ultrasound images. Torque was measured isometrically and hand function with grasp and release test. Another eight men with SCI received NMES+BFR to the right forearm, while the left forearm received BFR only. Immediately, the FMD of the brachial artery was measured.
Result
Following training, the ECRL CSA was 17 % greater in the NMES+BFR forearm (mean difference = 0.6 cm
2
,
p
= 0.003) compared with the NMES only. The NMES+BFR had a 15 % increase in ECRL CSA (mean increase = 0.58 cm
2
,
p
= 0.048). FMD increased (
p
= 0.05) in the exercise arm (12 ± 3 %) compared with the control arm (6.5 ± 6 %).
Conclusion
NMES training with BFR is a strategy that can increase skeletal muscle size. NMES with and without BFR can improve wrist strength and hand function. The acute effects of NMES+BFR may suggest that an increase in FMD may partially contribute to skeletal muscle hypertrophy. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00421-016-3385-z |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1811886776</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>1790466847</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c519t-61a9301d4e41c552f93dadc4d568031276ae4c9f9d4c5fcce128d72f559ffeb63</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNkVtrFTEUhQep2Nr6A3yRgC--jGZncn2UUi9Q6Ev7HHJyKTnkTI7JDLX9J_5bc2ZqEUHoUwL7W2ux9-q6t4A_AsbiU8WYEugx8H4YJOsfXnQnQAfV84GIo6c_qOPuda1bjLEkIF91x0QAY5Lyk-7XRfJ2KtGahOoUd3MyU8wjMqNDm5SzQyHlO1R8PUDLKI62eFM9uiuxTsj_nPxYc0G25Fr76heq2ZlGLT6Lw867OJnJO-Riy1hTQk5tFsdbVPfxoLG5uBawncv9WfcymFT9m8f3tLv5cnF9_q2_vPr6_fzzZW8ZqKnnYNSAwVFPwTJGghqccZY6xiUegAhuPLUqKEctC9Z6INIJEhhTIfgNH067D6vvvuQfc9tT72K1PiUz-jxXDRJASi7EM1ChMOVcUtHQ9_-g2zyXtuJKASNEqEbBSi23Kz7ofYk7U-41YH2oWK8V61axPlSsH5rm3aPzvGlHfVL86bQBZAVqG423vvwV_V_X30EUtaY</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1790152279</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Electrical stimulation and blood flow restriction increase wrist extensor cross-sectional area and flow meditated dilatation following spinal cord injury</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals</source><creator>Gorgey, Ashraf S. ; Timmons, Mark K. ; Dolbow, David R. ; Bengel, Justin ; Fugate-Laus, Kendall C. ; Michener, Lori A. ; Gater, David R.</creator><creatorcontrib>Gorgey, Ashraf S. ; Timmons, Mark K. ; Dolbow, David R. ; Bengel, Justin ; Fugate-Laus, Kendall C. ; Michener, Lori A. ; Gater, David R.</creatorcontrib><description>Purpose
To examine the effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) and blood flow restricted (BFR) exercise on wrist extensors cross-sectional area (CSA), torque and hand functions compared NMES only in individuals with incomplete tetraplegia. The acute effect of an acute bout of NMES with BFR on flow mediated dilation (FMD) was compared with BFR only.
Method
Nine men completed 6 weeks twice weekly of bilateral NMES training of the wrist extensor muscles. The right forearm received NMES + BFR (30 % above the resting systolic blood pressure), while the left forearm received NMES only. The CSA of the extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) and extensor digitorum communis (EDC) muscles was measured on ultrasound images. Torque was measured isometrically and hand function with grasp and release test. Another eight men with SCI received NMES+BFR to the right forearm, while the left forearm received BFR only. Immediately, the FMD of the brachial artery was measured.
Result
Following training, the ECRL CSA was 17 % greater in the NMES+BFR forearm (mean difference = 0.6 cm
2
,
p
= 0.003) compared with the NMES only. The NMES+BFR had a 15 % increase in ECRL CSA (mean increase = 0.58 cm
2
,
p
= 0.048). FMD increased (
p
= 0.05) in the exercise arm (12 ± 3 %) compared with the control arm (6.5 ± 6 %).
Conclusion
NMES training with BFR is a strategy that can increase skeletal muscle size. NMES with and without BFR can improve wrist strength and hand function. The acute effects of NMES+BFR may suggest that an increase in FMD may partially contribute to skeletal muscle hypertrophy.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1439-6319</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1439-6327</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00421-016-3385-z</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27155846</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Biomedicine ; Blood Flow Velocity ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Electric Stimulation Therapy - methods ; Human Physiology ; Humans ; Kinesiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Muscle Strength ; Muscle, Skeletal - blood supply ; Muscle, Skeletal - physiopathology ; Muscular Atrophy - etiology ; Muscular Atrophy - physiopathology ; Muscular Atrophy - prevention & control ; Musculoskeletal system ; Neuromuscular electrical stimulation ; Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine ; Original Article ; Rehabilitation ; Resistance Training - methods ; Spinal cord injuries ; Spinal Cord Injuries - complications ; Spinal Cord Injuries - physiopathology ; Spinal Cord Injuries - therapy ; Sports Medicine ; Strength training ; Treatment Outcome ; Wrist Joint - blood supply ; Wrist Joint - physiopathology</subject><ispartof>European journal of applied physiology, 2016-06, Vol.116 (6), p.1231-1244</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c519t-61a9301d4e41c552f93dadc4d568031276ae4c9f9d4c5fcce128d72f559ffeb63</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c519t-61a9301d4e41c552f93dadc4d568031276ae4c9f9d4c5fcce128d72f559ffeb63</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00421-016-3385-z$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00421-016-3385-z$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27155846$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Gorgey, Ashraf S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Timmons, Mark K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dolbow, David R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bengel, Justin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fugate-Laus, Kendall C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Michener, Lori A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gater, David R.</creatorcontrib><title>Electrical stimulation and blood flow restriction increase wrist extensor cross-sectional area and flow meditated dilatation following spinal cord injury</title><title>European journal of applied physiology</title><addtitle>Eur J Appl Physiol</addtitle><addtitle>Eur J Appl Physiol</addtitle><description>Purpose
To examine the effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) and blood flow restricted (BFR) exercise on wrist extensors cross-sectional area (CSA), torque and hand functions compared NMES only in individuals with incomplete tetraplegia. The acute effect of an acute bout of NMES with BFR on flow mediated dilation (FMD) was compared with BFR only.
Method
Nine men completed 6 weeks twice weekly of bilateral NMES training of the wrist extensor muscles. The right forearm received NMES + BFR (30 % above the resting systolic blood pressure), while the left forearm received NMES only. The CSA of the extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) and extensor digitorum communis (EDC) muscles was measured on ultrasound images. Torque was measured isometrically and hand function with grasp and release test. Another eight men with SCI received NMES+BFR to the right forearm, while the left forearm received BFR only. Immediately, the FMD of the brachial artery was measured.
Result
Following training, the ECRL CSA was 17 % greater in the NMES+BFR forearm (mean difference = 0.6 cm
2
,
p
= 0.003) compared with the NMES only. The NMES+BFR had a 15 % increase in ECRL CSA (mean increase = 0.58 cm
2
,
p
= 0.048). FMD increased (
p
= 0.05) in the exercise arm (12 ± 3 %) compared with the control arm (6.5 ± 6 %).
Conclusion
NMES training with BFR is a strategy that can increase skeletal muscle size. NMES with and without BFR can improve wrist strength and hand function. The acute effects of NMES+BFR may suggest that an increase in FMD may partially contribute to skeletal muscle hypertrophy.</description><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biomedicine</subject><subject>Blood Flow Velocity</subject><subject>Combined Modality Therapy</subject><subject>Electric Stimulation Therapy - methods</subject><subject>Human Physiology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Kinesiology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Muscle Strength</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - blood supply</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - physiopathology</subject><subject>Muscular Atrophy - etiology</subject><subject>Muscular Atrophy - physiopathology</subject><subject>Muscular Atrophy - prevention & control</subject><subject>Musculoskeletal system</subject><subject>Neuromuscular electrical stimulation</subject><subject>Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Rehabilitation</subject><subject>Resistance Training - methods</subject><subject>Spinal cord injuries</subject><subject>Spinal Cord Injuries - complications</subject><subject>Spinal Cord Injuries - physiopathology</subject><subject>Spinal Cord Injuries - therapy</subject><subject>Sports Medicine</subject><subject>Strength training</subject><subject>Treatment Outcome</subject><subject>Wrist Joint - blood supply</subject><subject>Wrist Joint - physiopathology</subject><issn>1439-6319</issn><issn>1439-6327</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkVtrFTEUhQep2Nr6A3yRgC--jGZncn2UUi9Q6Ev7HHJyKTnkTI7JDLX9J_5bc2ZqEUHoUwL7W2ux9-q6t4A_AsbiU8WYEugx8H4YJOsfXnQnQAfV84GIo6c_qOPuda1bjLEkIF91x0QAY5Lyk-7XRfJ2KtGahOoUd3MyU8wjMqNDm5SzQyHlO1R8PUDLKI62eFM9uiuxTsj_nPxYc0G25Fr76heq2ZlGLT6Lw867OJnJO-Riy1hTQk5tFsdbVPfxoLG5uBawncv9WfcymFT9m8f3tLv5cnF9_q2_vPr6_fzzZW8ZqKnnYNSAwVFPwTJGghqccZY6xiUegAhuPLUqKEctC9Z6INIJEhhTIfgNH067D6vvvuQfc9tT72K1PiUz-jxXDRJASi7EM1ChMOVcUtHQ9_-g2zyXtuJKASNEqEbBSi23Kz7ofYk7U-41YH2oWK8V61axPlSsH5rm3aPzvGlHfVL86bQBZAVqG423vvwV_V_X30EUtaY</recordid><startdate>20160601</startdate><enddate>20160601</enddate><creator>Gorgey, Ashraf S.</creator><creator>Timmons, Mark K.</creator><creator>Dolbow, David R.</creator><creator>Bengel, Justin</creator><creator>Fugate-Laus, Kendall C.</creator><creator>Michener, Lori A.</creator><creator>Gater, David R.</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7TS</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20160601</creationdate><title>Electrical stimulation and blood flow restriction increase wrist extensor cross-sectional area and flow meditated dilatation following spinal cord injury</title><author>Gorgey, Ashraf S. ; Timmons, Mark K. ; Dolbow, David R. ; Bengel, Justin ; Fugate-Laus, Kendall C. ; Michener, Lori A. ; Gater, David R.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c519t-61a9301d4e41c552f93dadc4d568031276ae4c9f9d4c5fcce128d72f559ffeb63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Biomedicine</topic><topic>Blood Flow Velocity</topic><topic>Combined Modality Therapy</topic><topic>Electric Stimulation Therapy - methods</topic><topic>Human Physiology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Kinesiology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Muscle Strength</topic><topic>Muscle, Skeletal - blood supply</topic><topic>Muscle, Skeletal - physiopathology</topic><topic>Muscular Atrophy - etiology</topic><topic>Muscular Atrophy - physiopathology</topic><topic>Muscular Atrophy - prevention & control</topic><topic>Musculoskeletal system</topic><topic>Neuromuscular electrical stimulation</topic><topic>Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine</topic><topic>Original Article</topic><topic>Rehabilitation</topic><topic>Resistance Training - methods</topic><topic>Spinal cord injuries</topic><topic>Spinal Cord Injuries - complications</topic><topic>Spinal Cord Injuries - physiopathology</topic><topic>Spinal Cord Injuries - therapy</topic><topic>Sports Medicine</topic><topic>Strength training</topic><topic>Treatment Outcome</topic><topic>Wrist Joint - blood supply</topic><topic>Wrist Joint - physiopathology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Gorgey, Ashraf S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Timmons, Mark K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dolbow, David R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bengel, Justin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fugate-Laus, Kendall C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Michener, Lori A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gater, David R.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Proquest Nursing & Allied Health Source</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Biology Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><jtitle>European journal of applied physiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Gorgey, Ashraf S.</au><au>Timmons, Mark K.</au><au>Dolbow, David R.</au><au>Bengel, Justin</au><au>Fugate-Laus, Kendall C.</au><au>Michener, Lori A.</au><au>Gater, David R.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Electrical stimulation and blood flow restriction increase wrist extensor cross-sectional area and flow meditated dilatation following spinal cord injury</atitle><jtitle>European journal of applied physiology</jtitle><stitle>Eur J Appl Physiol</stitle><addtitle>Eur J Appl Physiol</addtitle><date>2016-06-01</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>116</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>1231</spage><epage>1244</epage><pages>1231-1244</pages><issn>1439-6319</issn><eissn>1439-6327</eissn><abstract>Purpose
To examine the effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) and blood flow restricted (BFR) exercise on wrist extensors cross-sectional area (CSA), torque and hand functions compared NMES only in individuals with incomplete tetraplegia. The acute effect of an acute bout of NMES with BFR on flow mediated dilation (FMD) was compared with BFR only.
Method
Nine men completed 6 weeks twice weekly of bilateral NMES training of the wrist extensor muscles. The right forearm received NMES + BFR (30 % above the resting systolic blood pressure), while the left forearm received NMES only. The CSA of the extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) and extensor digitorum communis (EDC) muscles was measured on ultrasound images. Torque was measured isometrically and hand function with grasp and release test. Another eight men with SCI received NMES+BFR to the right forearm, while the left forearm received BFR only. Immediately, the FMD of the brachial artery was measured.
Result
Following training, the ECRL CSA was 17 % greater in the NMES+BFR forearm (mean difference = 0.6 cm
2
,
p
= 0.003) compared with the NMES only. The NMES+BFR had a 15 % increase in ECRL CSA (mean increase = 0.58 cm
2
,
p
= 0.048). FMD increased (
p
= 0.05) in the exercise arm (12 ± 3 %) compared with the control arm (6.5 ± 6 %).
Conclusion
NMES training with BFR is a strategy that can increase skeletal muscle size. NMES with and without BFR can improve wrist strength and hand function. The acute effects of NMES+BFR may suggest that an increase in FMD may partially contribute to skeletal muscle hypertrophy.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>27155846</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00421-016-3385-z</doi><tpages>14</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1439-6319 |
| ispartof | European journal of applied physiology, 2016-06, Vol.116 (6), p.1231-1244 |
| issn | 1439-6319 1439-6327 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals |
| subjects | Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Blood Flow Velocity Combined Modality Therapy Electric Stimulation Therapy - methods Human Physiology Humans Kinesiology Male Middle Aged Muscle Strength Muscle, Skeletal - blood supply Muscle, Skeletal - physiopathology Muscular Atrophy - etiology Muscular Atrophy - physiopathology Muscular Atrophy - prevention & control Musculoskeletal system Neuromuscular electrical stimulation Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine Original Article Rehabilitation Resistance Training - methods Spinal cord injuries Spinal Cord Injuries - complications Spinal Cord Injuries - physiopathology Spinal Cord Injuries - therapy Sports Medicine Strength training Treatment Outcome Wrist Joint - blood supply Wrist Joint - physiopathology |
| title | Electrical stimulation and blood flow restriction increase wrist extensor cross-sectional area and flow meditated dilatation following spinal cord injury |
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